The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zahava Solomon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interpersonal manifestations of Attachment Avoidance the moderating role of impostorism
Personality and Individual Differences, 2020Co-Authors: Rahel Bachem, Mario Mikulincer, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Abstract Avoidant Attachment is associated with numerous negative interpersonal outcomes. The current study tested whether self-perceptions of impostorism intensify negative interpersonal outcomes of Attachment-related Avoidance. One hundred and twenty-nine male Israeli veterans of the 1973 Yom Kippur War were assessed using self-report measures of Attachment orientations (Avoidance, anxiety), impostorism, beliefs about others' benevolence, marital quality, and loneliness. As hypothesized, hierarchical regressions revealed significant interactions of impostorism and Attachment Avoidance after accounting for main effects, showing that impostorism intensified the association between avoidant Attachment, on the one hand, and more negative beliefs about others’ benevolence, lower marital quality, and heightened loneliness, on the other hand. The current study is among the first to systematically assess the relational implications of impostorism and suggests that high impostorism is a risk factor for aversive outcomes in the interpersonal realm, especially among highly Attachment-avoidant people.
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twofold trauma exposure the dual function of Attachment Avoidance
Attachment & Human Development, 2018Co-Authors: Yael Lahav, Alana Siegel, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Spouses of traumatized war veterans might suffer from distress following indirect exposure to combat and direct exposure to domestic abuse. Yet the effect of this twofold trauma exposure is far from being fully understood. Theory views Attachment security as a personal resource mitigating adversity, whereas Attachment insecurities intensify distress. Nevertheless, there are mixed results concerning the effects of Attachment in the aftermath of trauma. Furthermore, the role of trauma exposure levels regarding the effects of Attachment remains largely uninvestigated. Filling these gaps, this study assessed female military spouses 30 (T1) and 38 (T2) years after the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Direct (domestic abuse) and indirect (veteran partners' posttraumatic stress symptoms) trauma exposure, Attachment, depression, and anxiety were assessed. Findings indicated an interaction between the trauma types in predicting spouses' anxiety. Domestic abuse moderated the relations between Attachment and distress. Although Attachment anxiety had nonsignificant effects on anxiety among low-level domestic abuse sufferers, it predicted elevated anxiety among high-level domestic abuse sufferers. Furthermore, while Attachment Avoidance predicted elevated distress among low-level domestic abuse sufferers, its effects dissolved or became positive in nature among high-level domestic abuse sufferers. Discussion focuses on evolutionary explanations of the functions of Attachment under different conditions of threat.
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twofold trauma exposure the dual function of Attachment Avoidance
Attachment & Human Development, 2018Co-Authors: Yael Lahav, Alana Siegel, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Spouses of traumatized war veterans might suffer from distress following indirect exposure to combat and direct exposure to domestic abuse. Yet the effect of this twofold trauma exposure is far fro...
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the implication of combat induced stress reaction ptsd and Attachment in parenting among war veterans
Journal of Family Psychology, 2011Co-Authors: Estee Cohen, Gadi Zerach, Zahava SolomonAbstract:This study examined parental functioning, parental satisfaction, and concern for offspring during their child's military service, among war veterans, some of whom suffered from acute combat-induced stress reaction (CSR) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition, we examined the additive and interactive contributions of CSR, PTSD and Attachment dimensions to parenting measures. The sample consisted of 477 participants divided into two groups: a clinical group of veterans who had been diagnosed with CSR on the battlefield (N = 267), and a matched control group of veterans who did not suffer from CSR (NCSR; N = 210). CSR, PTSD, avoidant-Attachment, and anxious-Attachment, were all related to lower levels of parental functioning and satisfaction. Veterans who suffered from both CSR and PTSD reported more concern for their offspring during their child's military service compared to veterans with PTSD but without antecedent CSR. Attachment dimensions and specifically Attachment-Avoidance, made the greatest contribution to parenting measures, followed by posttraumatic symptoms. In addition, Attachment-Avoidance moderated the relationship between posttraumatic symptoms and parental functioning. Theoretical and clinical implications of these results are discussed.
Yael Lahav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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twofold trauma exposure the dual function of Attachment Avoidance
Attachment & Human Development, 2018Co-Authors: Yael Lahav, Alana Siegel, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Spouses of traumatized war veterans might suffer from distress following indirect exposure to combat and direct exposure to domestic abuse. Yet the effect of this twofold trauma exposure is far from being fully understood. Theory views Attachment security as a personal resource mitigating adversity, whereas Attachment insecurities intensify distress. Nevertheless, there are mixed results concerning the effects of Attachment in the aftermath of trauma. Furthermore, the role of trauma exposure levels regarding the effects of Attachment remains largely uninvestigated. Filling these gaps, this study assessed female military spouses 30 (T1) and 38 (T2) years after the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Direct (domestic abuse) and indirect (veteran partners' posttraumatic stress symptoms) trauma exposure, Attachment, depression, and anxiety were assessed. Findings indicated an interaction between the trauma types in predicting spouses' anxiety. Domestic abuse moderated the relations between Attachment and distress. Although Attachment anxiety had nonsignificant effects on anxiety among low-level domestic abuse sufferers, it predicted elevated anxiety among high-level domestic abuse sufferers. Furthermore, while Attachment Avoidance predicted elevated distress among low-level domestic abuse sufferers, its effects dissolved or became positive in nature among high-level domestic abuse sufferers. Discussion focuses on evolutionary explanations of the functions of Attachment under different conditions of threat.
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twofold trauma exposure the dual function of Attachment Avoidance
Attachment & Human Development, 2018Co-Authors: Yael Lahav, Alana Siegel, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Spouses of traumatized war veterans might suffer from distress following indirect exposure to combat and direct exposure to domestic abuse. Yet the effect of this twofold trauma exposure is far fro...
Brent Mallinckrodt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experienced therapists approach to psychotherapy for adults with Attachment Avoidance or Attachment anxiety
Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Katherine D Daly, Brent MallinckrodtAbstract:Interviews were conducted with therapists (N 12) nominated by peers as especially effective in working with clients with adult interpersonal problems. Open-ended questions asked how these therapists would approach 2 adult clients described in brief vignettes as having high Attachment Avoidance or anxiety. A coding team used a grounded theory approach to identify 8 higher order themes in the interviews: Conceptualization, Client Defenses, Managing Boundaries, Markers of Progress, Therapist Reactions, Targeted Interventions, Corrective Relational Patterns, and Internal Representations and Models. These themes were integrated into an inclusive theoretical model based on the core concept of therapists’ strategic management of therapeutic distance. The distance necessary to engage clients initially is adjusted later in therapy to create a corrective Attachment in the psychotherapy relationship that facilitates change. Therapists described how, after engagement, they gradually increase therapeutic distance for clients with Attachment anxiety who must then manage resulting frustration while learning to function more autonomously. Therapists gradually insist on decreased therapeutic distance to help clients with Attachment Avoidance overcome their fears of intimacy. Therapists discussed the specific techniques they use to manage therapeutic distance.
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acculturation Attachment and psychosocial adjustment of chinese taiwanese international students
Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2006Co-Authors: Chiachih D C Wang, Brent MallinckrodtAbstract:On the basis of a process model of acculturation (Berry, Kim, Minde, & Mok, 1987) and the concept of secure base for interpersonal exploration in adult Attachment (Bowlby, 1988), this study hypothesized that sociocultural adjustment difficulties and psychological distress of Chinese international students (N = 104) living in the United States would be positively associated with Attachment Avoidance and anxiety and negatively associated with both acculturation to the U.S. culture and identification with the home culture. Survey packets contained the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, the Acculturation Index, the Socio-Cultural Adaptation Scale, and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18. Results suggested that Attachment anxiety was negatively associated with students' acculturation to U.S. culture, and that Attachment Avoidance, Attachment anxiety, and acculturation to U.S. culture were significant predictors for students' psychosocial adjustment.
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Attachment social competencies social support and psychological distress
Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2005Co-Authors: Brent MallinckrodtAbstract:In this survey study of 430 undergraduates, elements of the social competencies and interpersonal processes model (B. Mallinckrodt, 2000) were tested. Two social competencies were hypothesized to mediate the direct effects of 2 independent variables, Attachment anxiety and Avoidance, on 2 outcomes, psychological distress and perceived social support. Social self-efficacy was expected to be a significant mediator only for Attachment anxiety. Emotional awareness, construed as low levels of alexithymia, was expected to be a significant mediator only for Attachment Avoidance. A bootstrap method was used to estimate the significance of indirect effects. Structural equation analyses suggested that, instead of specialized significant parings of one mediator with one independent variable, both social self-efficacy and emotional awareness served as significant mediators for both Attachment anxiety and Attachment Avoidance.
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Attachment and interpersonal impact perceptions of group members a social relations model analysis of transference
Psychotherapy Research, 2004Co-Authors: Brent Mallinckrodt, Eric C ChenAbstract:Graduate students (N=76) in 12 training groups reported, at pretest, memories of emotional bonds with parents and adult Attachment Avoidance and anxiety. At the midpoint and termination phases, they provided Impact Message Inventory ratings of fellow group members. Social relations model (SRM) analyses were used to partition variance in these round-robin data into perceiver and target variance. Thus, aggregate ratings of fellow group members provided a standard against which discrepant perceptions of a given member could be assessed. These discrepancies, in the form of SRM perceiver variance, were interpreted as indicators of transference and were significantly associated with negative memories of parents and Attachment Avoidance. Target variance showed consensus in group members' ratings of dominance or affiliation for a given member and was significantly associated with negative memories of parents and Attachment anxiety.
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maladaptive perfectionism as a mediator and moderator between adult Attachment and depressive mood
Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2004Co-Authors: Meifen Wei, Brent Mallinckrodt, Daniel W Russell, Todd W AbrahamAbstract:This study examined maladaptive perfectionism (concern over mistakes, doubts about one’s ability to accomplish tasks, and failure to meet high standards) as both a mediator and a moderator between adult Attachment (anxiety and Avoidance) and depressive mood (depression and hopelessness). Survey data were collected from 310 undergraduates and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) methods. Results indicated that maladaptive perfectionism partially mediated the relationship between Attachment anxiety and depressive mood and fully mediated the relationship between Attachment Avoidance and depressive mood. Bootstrap methods were used to assess the magnitude of the indirect effects. Significant moderator effects were also found with SEM methods. The association between Attachment anxiety and depressive mood was stronger as perfectionism increased. Perfectionism was not a significant moderator for Attachment Avoidance and depressive mood.
Alana Siegel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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twofold trauma exposure the dual function of Attachment Avoidance
Attachment & Human Development, 2018Co-Authors: Yael Lahav, Alana Siegel, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Spouses of traumatized war veterans might suffer from distress following indirect exposure to combat and direct exposure to domestic abuse. Yet the effect of this twofold trauma exposure is far from being fully understood. Theory views Attachment security as a personal resource mitigating adversity, whereas Attachment insecurities intensify distress. Nevertheless, there are mixed results concerning the effects of Attachment in the aftermath of trauma. Furthermore, the role of trauma exposure levels regarding the effects of Attachment remains largely uninvestigated. Filling these gaps, this study assessed female military spouses 30 (T1) and 38 (T2) years after the 1973 Yom Kippur War. Direct (domestic abuse) and indirect (veteran partners' posttraumatic stress symptoms) trauma exposure, Attachment, depression, and anxiety were assessed. Findings indicated an interaction between the trauma types in predicting spouses' anxiety. Domestic abuse moderated the relations between Attachment and distress. Although Attachment anxiety had nonsignificant effects on anxiety among low-level domestic abuse sufferers, it predicted elevated anxiety among high-level domestic abuse sufferers. Furthermore, while Attachment Avoidance predicted elevated distress among low-level domestic abuse sufferers, its effects dissolved or became positive in nature among high-level domestic abuse sufferers. Discussion focuses on evolutionary explanations of the functions of Attachment under different conditions of threat.
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twofold trauma exposure the dual function of Attachment Avoidance
Attachment & Human Development, 2018Co-Authors: Yael Lahav, Alana Siegel, Zahava SolomonAbstract:Spouses of traumatized war veterans might suffer from distress following indirect exposure to combat and direct exposure to domestic abuse. Yet the effect of this twofold trauma exposure is far fro...
Angela Fang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Attachment style moderates the effects of oxytocin on social behaviors and cognitions during social rejection applying an rdoc framework to social anxiety
Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 2014Co-Authors: Angela Fang, Elizabeth A Hoge, Markus Heinrichs, Stefan G HofmannAbstract:Whereas the DSM categorizes individuals with similar self-reported symptoms, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) offers a new approach for classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behaviors and neurobiological measures. The objective of this proof-of-concept study is to adopt this approach by distinguishing individuals based on disorder-related personality traits during an experimental manipulation that targeted a disorder-related biological mechanism. Specifically, we examined whether Attachment style moderated the effect of oxytocin administration on social behaviors and cognitions during a social exclusion test in individuals with social anxiety disorder. When receiving oxytocin compared to placebo, only individuals with low Attachment Avoidance displayed more social affiliation and cooperation, and only those with high Attachment Avoidance showed faster detection of disgust and neutral faces. Thus, Attachment style moderated oxytocin’s effects among individuals who shared the same DSM diagnosis. We conclude that neurobiological tests can inform new classification strategies by adopting an RDoC framework.
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Attachment style moderates the effects of oxytocin on social behaviors and cognitions during social rejection applying a research domain criteria framework to social anxiety
Clinical psychological science, 2014Co-Authors: Angela Fang, Elizabeth A Hoge, Markus Heinrichs, Stefan G HofmannAbstract:Whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) categorizes individuals with similar self-reported symptoms, the research domain criteria offers a new approach for classifying mental disorders on the basis of dimensions of observable behaviors and neurobiological measures. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to adopt this approach by distinguishing individuals on the basis of disorder-related personality traits during an experimental manipulation that targeted a disorder-related biological mechanism. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study design, we examined whether Attachment style moderated the effect of oxytocin administration on social behaviors and cognitions during a social-exclusion test in individuals with social anxiety disorder. Among participants who received oxytocin, as opposed to a placebo, only individuals with low Attachment Avoidance displayed more social affiliation and cooperation, and only those with high Attachment Avoidance showed faster dete...