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Tomotaka Umemura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Longitudinal changes in emerging adults’ Attachment Preferencesfor their mother, father, friends, and romantic partner :Focusing on the start and end of romantic relationships
2020Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr Macek, E.saskia KunnenAbstract:Only a few studies have longitudinally explored to whom emerging adults prefer to turn to seek closeness, comfort, and security (called Attachment Preferences), and previous studies on Attachment Preferences in emerging adults have focused only on the beginning of romantic relationships but not on the end of relationships. Czech emerging adults (M=21.47;SD=1.48) completed the questionnaire of Attachment Preferences at two time points, Wave 1 (Summer 2013) and Wave 2 (Summer 2014). Latent difference score analyses revealed that emerging adults who were not in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but started a romantic relationship between the two waves (n=97) and those who had a romantic partner in both waves (n=379) were both more likely to increase their Attachment Preference for the romantic partner and decrease their Preference for friends, whereas those who did not start a relationship (n=185) were not. Emerging adults who were in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but were not in Wave 2 (n=69) decreased their Preference for the partner and increased their Preference for friends. In all the groups, Attachment Preferences for the mother, for the father, or for the family did not change. Multiple regression analyses further revealed that for those who had a romantic partner in both waves, their length of romantic relationship was associated with changes in Attachment Preferences for romantic partners and for friends.
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Transition of Attachment hierarchy from early to late adolescence
2020Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Petr Macek, Lenka LacinovaAbstract:The primary Attachment figure shifts from parents to romantic partners in the course of development. The present study employed longitudinal data to examine how this developmental shift occurs during adolescence.Participants were 210 Czech adolescents (mean age=14.02, SD=2.05; females=54%) in four different cohorts: 6th graders (n=43), 8th graders (n=71), 10th graders (n=57), and 12th graders (n=39). They respond to our questionnaires approximately every month since October 2016 until September 2018. Using the Important People Interview (Rosenthal & Kobak, 2010), we ask adolescents to rank order their Attachment figures in 3 circumstances (1=general closeness, 2=separation distress, and 3=emergency situation). During adolescence, people transfer their Attachment Preference from parents through friends to romantic partner. It was found that a small group of adolescents seem to directly transfer their primary Attachment figure from parents to romantic partner. However, the majority of adolescents prefer their friends in their transition of their primary Attachment figure.
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Pregnant women’s "Attachment" to their unborn baby: Are pregnant women likely to be attached to their unborn baby when they are more threatened?
2020Co-Authors: Kristína Chabadová, Tomotaka UmemuraAbstract:The activation of Attachment behavior toward preferred Attachment figures appears throughout entire life. Children and adults particularly activate their Attachment behavior during threatening situations, for example, when they feel tired, ill, or separated from Attachment figures (Ainsworth, 1982; Bowlby, 1969/1982). As people grow up, preferred Attachment figures typically transfer from parents to peers (Fraley & Davis, 1997; Hazan & Zeifman, 1994), and the most commonly reported Attachment figure in adulthood is romantic partners (Doherty & Feeney, 2004). However, some pregnant women may be also attached to their unborn baby because they often feel a threat due to their potential risks connected with their oncoming childbirth. We developed this idea because people seem to develop their Attachment during life-threatening situations. For example, adults with life-threatening jobs (firefighters and soldiers) tend to develop Attachment relationships with their colleagues and fellows (Umemura et al., under review). Hence, we assume that pregnant women in the threatening situations would also develop Attachment relationships with their unborn baby, as well as with other figures. Our sample consists of 889 Czech women in their third trimester of pregnancy who were involved in our longitudinal survey study (called “the DOMOV project”). We assessed their Attachment Preferences during pregnancy using Important People Interview (Rosenthal & Kobak, 2010). We will present associations of these pregnant women’s Attachment Preference for their unborn child with their physical health, anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), Attachment quality to partner (ECR-RS) and marital satisfaction (RDAS) during pregnancy. Preliminary analysis showed that approximately 10% of pregnant women reported their unborn baby as one of their preferred Attachment figures.
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is emerging adults Attachment Preference for the romantic partner transferred from their Attachment Preferences for their mother father and friends
Emerging adulthood, 2015Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr MacekAbstract:This study examined whether emerging adults’ Attachment Preference for their romantic partner is complementary to their Attachment Preferences for their mother, father, and friends using a cross-sectional research design. Participants were 1,021 emerging adults recruited in the Czech Republic (mean age = 21.46, SD = 1.55) who filled out questionnaires. The Attachment Preference for the romantic partner correlated inversely with the Attachment Preference for friends but not with the Preference for the mother or for the father. Our regression analyses revealed that emerging adults who were currently in a romantic relationship and had a longer romantic relationship were more likely to prefer their partner and less likely to prefer their friends. However, those emerging adults were not necessarily less likely to prefer their parents. For females, the length of romantic relationship was positively linked to their Preferences for their mother. Hence, the results of this study accord with the claim that emerging adults’ Attachment Preferences are shifted to the romantic partner only from friends and not from the parents.
Petr Macek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transition of Attachment hierarchy from early to late adolescence
2020Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Petr Macek, Lenka LacinovaAbstract:The primary Attachment figure shifts from parents to romantic partners in the course of development. The present study employed longitudinal data to examine how this developmental shift occurs during adolescence.Participants were 210 Czech adolescents (mean age=14.02, SD=2.05; females=54%) in four different cohorts: 6th graders (n=43), 8th graders (n=71), 10th graders (n=57), and 12th graders (n=39). They respond to our questionnaires approximately every month since October 2016 until September 2018. Using the Important People Interview (Rosenthal & Kobak, 2010), we ask adolescents to rank order their Attachment figures in 3 circumstances (1=general closeness, 2=separation distress, and 3=emergency situation). During adolescence, people transfer their Attachment Preference from parents through friends to romantic partner. It was found that a small group of adolescents seem to directly transfer their primary Attachment figure from parents to romantic partner. However, the majority of adolescents prefer their friends in their transition of their primary Attachment figure.
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Longitudinal changes in emerging adults’ Attachment Preferencesfor their mother, father, friends, and romantic partner :Focusing on the start and end of romantic relationships
2020Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr Macek, E.saskia KunnenAbstract:Only a few studies have longitudinally explored to whom emerging adults prefer to turn to seek closeness, comfort, and security (called Attachment Preferences), and previous studies on Attachment Preferences in emerging adults have focused only on the beginning of romantic relationships but not on the end of relationships. Czech emerging adults (M=21.47;SD=1.48) completed the questionnaire of Attachment Preferences at two time points, Wave 1 (Summer 2013) and Wave 2 (Summer 2014). Latent difference score analyses revealed that emerging adults who were not in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but started a romantic relationship between the two waves (n=97) and those who had a romantic partner in both waves (n=379) were both more likely to increase their Attachment Preference for the romantic partner and decrease their Preference for friends, whereas those who did not start a relationship (n=185) were not. Emerging adults who were in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but were not in Wave 2 (n=69) decreased their Preference for the partner and increased their Preference for friends. In all the groups, Attachment Preferences for the mother, for the father, or for the family did not change. Multiple regression analyses further revealed that for those who had a romantic partner in both waves, their length of romantic relationship was associated with changes in Attachment Preferences for romantic partners and for friends.
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Longitudinal changes in emerging adults' Attachment Preferences for their mother, father, friends, and romantic partner: Focusing on the start and end of romantic relationships
International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016Co-Authors: Tomo Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr Macek, E.saskia KunnenAbstract:Only a few studies have longitudinally explored to whom emerging adults prefer to turn to seek closeness, comfort, and security (called “Attachment Preferences”), and previous studies on Attachment Preferences in emerging adults have focused only on the beginning of romantic relationships but not on the end of relationships. Czech emerging adults (M = 21.47; SD = 1.48) completed the questionnaire of Attachment Preferences at two time points, Wave 1 (Summer 2013) and Wave 2 (Summer 2014). Latent difference score analyses revealed that emerging adults who were not in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but started a romantic relationship between the two waves (n = 97) and those who had a romantic partner in both waves (n = 379) were both more likely to increase their Attachment Preference for the romantic partner and decrease their Preference for friends, whereas those who did not start a relationship (n = 185) were not. Emerging adults who were in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but were not in Wave 2 (n =...
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is emerging adults Attachment Preference for the romantic partner transferred from their Attachment Preferences for their mother father and friends
Emerging adulthood, 2015Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr MacekAbstract:This study examined whether emerging adults’ Attachment Preference for their romantic partner is complementary to their Attachment Preferences for their mother, father, and friends using a cross-sectional research design. Participants were 1,021 emerging adults recruited in the Czech Republic (mean age = 21.46, SD = 1.55) who filled out questionnaires. The Attachment Preference for the romantic partner correlated inversely with the Attachment Preference for friends but not with the Preference for the mother or for the father. Our regression analyses revealed that emerging adults who were currently in a romantic relationship and had a longer romantic relationship were more likely to prefer their partner and less likely to prefer their friends. However, those emerging adults were not necessarily less likely to prefer their parents. For females, the length of romantic relationship was positively linked to their Preferences for their mother. Hence, the results of this study accord with the claim that emerging adults’ Attachment Preferences are shifted to the romantic partner only from friends and not from the parents.
Sonja A Kotz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Attachment Preference in auditory german sentences individual differences and pragmatic strategy
Frontiers in Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Eleanor Harding, Daniela Sammler, Sonja A KotzAbstract:: Relative clauses modify a preceding element, but as this element can be flexibly located, the point of Attachment is sometimes ambiguous. Preference for this Attachment can vary within languages such as German, yet explanations for differences in Attachment Preference related to cognitive strategies or constraints have been conflicting in the current literature. The present study aimed to assess the Preference for relative clause Attachment among German listeners and whether these Preferences could be explained by strategy or individual differences in working memory or musical rhythm ability. We performed a sentence completion experiment, conducted post hoc interviews, and measured working memory and rhythm abilities with diagnostic tests. German listeners had no homogeneous Attachment Preference, although participants consistently completed individual sentences across trials according to the general Preference that they reported offline. Differences in Attachment Preference were moreover not linked to individual differences in either working memory or musical rhythm ability. However, the pragmatic content of individual sentences sometimes overrode the general syntactic Preference in participants with lower rhythm ability. Our study makes an important contribution to the field of psycholinguistics by validating offline self-reports as a reliable diagnostic for an individual's online relative clause Attachment Preference. The link between pragmatic strategy and rhythm ability is an interesting direction for future research.
Edson T Miyamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a non local Attachment Preference in the production and comprehension of thairelative clauses
Pacific Asia Conference on Language Information and Computation, 2014Co-Authors: Teeranoot Siriwittayakorn, Edson T Miyamoto, Theeraporn RatitamkulAbstract:In parsing, a phrase is more likely to be associated with an adjacent word than to a non-adjacent one.� Instances of adjacency violation pose a challenge to researchers but also an opportunity to better understand how people process sentences and to improve parsing algorithms by, for example, suggesting new features that can be used in machine learning. We report corpus counts and reading-time data for Thai to investigate an adjacency violation that has been reported in other languages for ambiguous relative clauses that can be attached to either of two nouns, namely, the local noun (which is adjacent to the relative clause) or the non-local noun (which is farther from the relative clause). The results indicate that, unlike English, Thai violates adjacency by favoring non-local Attachment even though the two languages share many grammatical features that have been linked to a local-Attachment Preference (e.g., rigid SVO word order). We reinterpret previous proposals to suggest that a language favors the non-local noun if it passes at least one of two tests. (1) Modifiers can intervene between noun and relative clause. (2) Adverbs can intervene between transitive verb and direct object.
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PACLIC - A Non-local Attachment Preference in the Production and Comprehension of ThaiRelative Clauses
2014Co-Authors: Teeranoot Siriwittayakorn, Edson T Miyamoto, Theeraporn RatitamkulAbstract:In parsing, a phrase is more likely to be associated with an adjacent word than to a non-adjacent one.� Instances of adjacency violation pose a challenge to researchers but also an opportunity to better understand how people process sentences and to improve parsing algorithms by, for example, suggesting new features that can be used in machine learning. We report corpus counts and reading-time data for Thai to investigate an adjacency violation that has been reported in other languages for ambiguous relative clauses that can be attached to either of two nouns, namely, the local noun (which is adjacent to the relative clause) or the non-local noun (which is farther from the relative clause). The results indicate that, unlike English, Thai violates adjacency by favoring non-local Attachment even though the two languages share many grammatical features that have been linked to a local-Attachment Preference (e.g., rigid SVO word order). We reinterpret previous proposals to suggest that a language favors the non-local noun if it passes at least one of two tests. (1) Modifiers can intervene between noun and relative clause. (2) Adverbs can intervene between transitive verb and direct object.
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a u shaped relative clause Attachment Preference in japanese
Language and Cognitive Processes, 1999Co-Authors: Edson T Miyamoto, Edward Gibson, Neal J Pearlmutter, Takako Aikawa, Shigeru MiyagawaAbstract:This paper presents results from a self-paced reading experiment in Japanese investigating Attachment Preferences for relative clauses to three ensuing potential nominal heads. Similar to previous results from the processing of English, Spanish and German, we observed the following non-monotonic Preference ordering among the three Attachment sites: most local, least local, intermediate. We discuss the result in light of two types of parsing models: models that only consider attaching a modifier to candidate sites whose lexical heads have already been encountered, and models in which predicted categories are also considered as possible modification sites. We contend that the Preference to attach to the least local site over the intermediate site argues against the first type of model, and supports the second type of model with a factor such as predicate proximity or anaphor resolution driving the Preference to attach the RC to the least local candidate site.
Lenka Lacinova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transition of Attachment hierarchy from early to late adolescence
2020Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Petr Macek, Lenka LacinovaAbstract:The primary Attachment figure shifts from parents to romantic partners in the course of development. The present study employed longitudinal data to examine how this developmental shift occurs during adolescence.Participants were 210 Czech adolescents (mean age=14.02, SD=2.05; females=54%) in four different cohorts: 6th graders (n=43), 8th graders (n=71), 10th graders (n=57), and 12th graders (n=39). They respond to our questionnaires approximately every month since October 2016 until September 2018. Using the Important People Interview (Rosenthal & Kobak, 2010), we ask adolescents to rank order their Attachment figures in 3 circumstances (1=general closeness, 2=separation distress, and 3=emergency situation). During adolescence, people transfer their Attachment Preference from parents through friends to romantic partner. It was found that a small group of adolescents seem to directly transfer their primary Attachment figure from parents to romantic partner. However, the majority of adolescents prefer their friends in their transition of their primary Attachment figure.
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Longitudinal changes in emerging adults’ Attachment Preferencesfor their mother, father, friends, and romantic partner :Focusing on the start and end of romantic relationships
2020Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr Macek, E.saskia KunnenAbstract:Only a few studies have longitudinally explored to whom emerging adults prefer to turn to seek closeness, comfort, and security (called Attachment Preferences), and previous studies on Attachment Preferences in emerging adults have focused only on the beginning of romantic relationships but not on the end of relationships. Czech emerging adults (M=21.47;SD=1.48) completed the questionnaire of Attachment Preferences at two time points, Wave 1 (Summer 2013) and Wave 2 (Summer 2014). Latent difference score analyses revealed that emerging adults who were not in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but started a romantic relationship between the two waves (n=97) and those who had a romantic partner in both waves (n=379) were both more likely to increase their Attachment Preference for the romantic partner and decrease their Preference for friends, whereas those who did not start a relationship (n=185) were not. Emerging adults who were in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but were not in Wave 2 (n=69) decreased their Preference for the partner and increased their Preference for friends. In all the groups, Attachment Preferences for the mother, for the father, or for the family did not change. Multiple regression analyses further revealed that for those who had a romantic partner in both waves, their length of romantic relationship was associated with changes in Attachment Preferences for romantic partners and for friends.
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Longitudinal changes in emerging adults' Attachment Preferences for their mother, father, friends, and romantic partner: Focusing on the start and end of romantic relationships
International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016Co-Authors: Tomo Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr Macek, E.saskia KunnenAbstract:Only a few studies have longitudinally explored to whom emerging adults prefer to turn to seek closeness, comfort, and security (called “Attachment Preferences”), and previous studies on Attachment Preferences in emerging adults have focused only on the beginning of romantic relationships but not on the end of relationships. Czech emerging adults (M = 21.47; SD = 1.48) completed the questionnaire of Attachment Preferences at two time points, Wave 1 (Summer 2013) and Wave 2 (Summer 2014). Latent difference score analyses revealed that emerging adults who were not in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but started a romantic relationship between the two waves (n = 97) and those who had a romantic partner in both waves (n = 379) were both more likely to increase their Attachment Preference for the romantic partner and decrease their Preference for friends, whereas those who did not start a relationship (n = 185) were not. Emerging adults who were in a romantic relationship in Wave 1 but were not in Wave 2 (n =...
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is emerging adults Attachment Preference for the romantic partner transferred from their Attachment Preferences for their mother father and friends
Emerging adulthood, 2015Co-Authors: Tomotaka Umemura, Lenka Lacinova, Petr MacekAbstract:This study examined whether emerging adults’ Attachment Preference for their romantic partner is complementary to their Attachment Preferences for their mother, father, and friends using a cross-sectional research design. Participants were 1,021 emerging adults recruited in the Czech Republic (mean age = 21.46, SD = 1.55) who filled out questionnaires. The Attachment Preference for the romantic partner correlated inversely with the Attachment Preference for friends but not with the Preference for the mother or for the father. Our regression analyses revealed that emerging adults who were currently in a romantic relationship and had a longer romantic relationship were more likely to prefer their partner and less likely to prefer their friends. However, those emerging adults were not necessarily less likely to prefer their parents. For females, the length of romantic relationship was positively linked to their Preferences for their mother. Hence, the results of this study accord with the claim that emerging adults’ Attachment Preferences are shifted to the romantic partner only from friends and not from the parents.