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Elizabeth A. Maylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aging and syntactic representations: Evidence of preserved syntactic priming and lexical boost.
Psychology and Aging, 2017Co-Authors: Sophie M. Hardy, Katherine Messenger, Elizabeth A. MaylorAbstract:Young adults can be primed to re-use a syntactic structure across otherwise unrelated utterances but it is not known whether this phenomenon exists in older adults. In a dialogue task, young and older adults described Transitive Verb target pictures after hearing active or passive sentences. Both groups were more likely to produce a passive sentence following a passive prime than following an active prime (indicating syntactic priming), and this effect increased when the prime and target involved the same Verb (indicating lexical boost). These effects were statistically equivalent in young and older adults, suggesting that the syntactic representations underlying sentence production are unaffected by normal aging.
Masaki Murata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transitive Verb plus reflexive pronoun/personal pronoun patterns in English and Japanese: using a Japanese-English parallel corpus
Corpus Linguistics 25 Years on, 2007Co-Authors: Makoto Shimizu, Masaki MurataAbstract:We examine the distribution of the Transitive Verb plus reflexive pronoun/personal pronoun patterns in English and in Japanese. We extract from a Japanese-English parallel corpus examples of the English patterns ‘Transitive Verb followed by reflexive pronoun’ and ‘Transitive Verb followed by personal pronoun’ together with their counterparts in Japanese. We estimate the distribution statistically, through a method developed by one of the authors. Then, we analyse the expressions syntactically and semantically, noting especially which types in one language correspond to which types in the other language. Certain types of Verbs together with reflexive pronouns in English, for instance, are often translated into inTransitive Verbs in Japanese, and so on. We attempt to show that it makes more sense to focus on phrase alignments rather than word alignments when considering the correspondence between reflexive pronouns/personal pronouns in English and their counterparts in Japanese.
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Transitive Verb plus reflexive pronoun personal pronoun patterns in english and japanese using a japanese english parallel corpus
2007Co-Authors: Makoto Shimizu, Masaki MurataAbstract:We examine the distribution of the Transitive Verb plus reflexive pronoun/personal pronoun patterns in English and in Japanese. We extract from a Japanese-English parallel corpus examples of the English patterns ‘Transitive Verb followed by reflexive pronoun’ and ‘Transitive Verb followed by personal pronoun’ together with their counterparts in Japanese. We estimate the distribution statistically, through a method developed by one of the authors. Then, we analyse the expressions syntactically and semantically, noting especially which types in one language correspond to which types in the other language. Certain types of Verbs together with reflexive pronouns in English, for instance, are often translated into inTransitive Verbs in Japanese, and so on. We attempt to show that it makes more sense to focus on phrase alignments rather than word alignments when considering the correspondence between reflexive pronouns/personal pronouns in English and their counterparts in Japanese.
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Patterns with Transitive Verb and Reflexive in English and their Counterparts in Japanese: A Bilingual Pattern Grammar Approach
English Corpora under Japanese Eyes, 2004Co-Authors: Makoto Shimizu, Masaki MurataAbstract:In translating from one language into another, there is a tendency to use the same type of expressions. For example, one often attempts to translate English reflexives into Japanese reflexives. However, most English reflexives in the object position, which is supposed to be the typical position for a reflexive to occur, tend not to be translated into Japanese reflexives. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how English reflexives actually behave and to discuss a possible treatment of the translation problem. We focused on reflexives which co-occur with Transitive Verbs. We extracted examples of such reflexives and their Japanese counterparts, and analysed them both syntactically and semantically. First, we examined the BNC, and checked the frequencies of English Transitive Verbs and those of English reflexives as the object. We then consulted an English-Japanese dictionary to ascertain what explanations the dictionary gives of the extracted Transitive Verbs and reflexives. As a next step, we extracted sentence examples with Transitive Verb plus reflexive patterns and their Japanese counterparts from four bilingual parallel corpora. We found that English reflexives tend to correspond to several types of Japanese expressions according to the Verb groups they belong to.
Theeraporn Ratitamkul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a non local attachment preference in the production and comprehension of thairelative clauses
Pacific Asia Conference on Language Information and Computation, 2014Co-Authors: Teeranoot Siriwittayakorn, Edson T Miyamoto, Theeraporn RatitamkulAbstract:In parsing, a phrase is more likely to be associated with an adjacent word than to a non-adjacent one.� Instances of adjacency violation pose a challenge to researchers but also an opportunity to better understand how people process sentences and to improve parsing algorithms by, for example, suggesting new features that can be used in machine learning. We report corpus counts and reading-time data for Thai to investigate an adjacency violation that has been reported in other languages for ambiguous relative clauses that can be attached to either of two nouns, namely, the local noun (which is adjacent to the relative clause) or the non-local noun (which is farther from the relative clause). The results indicate that, unlike English, Thai violates adjacency by favoring non-local attachment even though the two languages share many grammatical features that have been linked to a local-attachment preference (e.g., rigid SVO word order). We reinterpret previous proposals to suggest that a language favors the non-local noun if it passes at least one of two tests. (1) Modifiers can intervene between noun and relative clause. (2) AdVerbs can intervene between Transitive Verb and direct object.
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PACLIC - A Non-local Attachment Preference in the Production and Comprehension of ThaiRelative Clauses
2014Co-Authors: Teeranoot Siriwittayakorn, Edson T Miyamoto, Theeraporn RatitamkulAbstract:In parsing, a phrase is more likely to be associated with an adjacent word than to a non-adjacent one.� Instances of adjacency violation pose a challenge to researchers but also an opportunity to better understand how people process sentences and to improve parsing algorithms by, for example, suggesting new features that can be used in machine learning. We report corpus counts and reading-time data for Thai to investigate an adjacency violation that has been reported in other languages for ambiguous relative clauses that can be attached to either of two nouns, namely, the local noun (which is adjacent to the relative clause) or the non-local noun (which is farther from the relative clause). The results indicate that, unlike English, Thai violates adjacency by favoring non-local attachment even though the two languages share many grammatical features that have been linked to a local-attachment preference (e.g., rigid SVO word order). We reinterpret previous proposals to suggest that a language favors the non-local noun if it passes at least one of two tests. (1) Modifiers can intervene between noun and relative clause. (2) AdVerbs can intervene between Transitive Verb and direct object.
Dang Tuan Nguyen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ICCASA - Referent Disambiguation for Anaphoric Human Pronouns in Contexts of Pairs of Vietnamese Sentences Using Affecting and Communicating Verbs
Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Trung Tran, Dang Tuan NguyenAbstract:In Vietnamese paragraphs, there are two types of personal pronoun which are often used simultaneously in the sentences: type (i) – personal pronouns which stand alone; type (ii) – personal pronouns standing with demonstrative adjectives. This paper considers the contexts of pairs of simple Vietnamese sentences in which there are the simultaneous appearances of two personal pronouns belonging to these above types at the second sentence. The objectives of this research have the following characteristics: the first sentence has one Transitive Verb having the relationship with two different human objects; the second sentence has one Transitive Verb having the relationship with two different pronouns, in which the one belonging to type (ii) takes the subject role and the other belonging to type (i) takes the object role. To determine the object in the first sentence which is referred to by each pronoun at the second sentence, we propose a presupposition about the relationship contexts between two Verbs. The proposed strategy is based on the idea: the Transitive Verbs are classified according to two properties which is “affect” and “communication”, then specify the pair of properties of two Transitive Verbs to determine the antecedent for each pronoun.
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combined method of analyzing anaphoric pronouns and inter sentential relationships between Transitive Verbs for enhancing pairs of sentences summarization
Computer Science On-line Conference, 2015Co-Authors: Trung Tran, Dang Tuan NguyenAbstract:The main content of this paper is to present a solution based on the approach which we proposed in previous researches for summarizing the meaning of pairs of simple sentences having general characteristics: (a) both of two sentences have the Transitive Verb of action; (b) the second sentence has only one anaphoric pronoun taking the object role of the Transitive Verb of action. The general approach in our researches is to generate a new reducing sentence having the content which summarizes the meaning of the original pair of sentences. However, to be suitable for pairs of sentences having above characteristics and the new reducing sentence have to satisfy the naturalism for the cognition of native speakers, our approach in this research is based on the main idea: (i) resolve the anaphoric pronoun and identify that the antecedent is human or thing; (iii) analyze inter-sentential relationships of Transitive Verb of action; (iii) propose the new generating algorithm. These points help for better understanding the meaning of the original pair of sentences and generating the new reducing sentence. One more important point is the proposed solution in this research can be applied for many different natural languages.
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CSOC (1) - Combined Method of Analyzing Anaphoric Pronouns and Inter-sentential Relationships between Transitive Verbs for Enhancing Pairs of Sentences Summarization
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2015Co-Authors: Trung Tran, Dang Tuan NguyenAbstract:The main content of this paper is to present a solution based on the approach which we proposed in previous researches for summarizing the meaning of pairs of simple sentences having general characteristics: (a) both of two sentences have the Transitive Verb of action; (b) the second sentence has only one anaphoric pronoun taking the object role of the Transitive Verb of action. The general approach in our researches is to generate a new reducing sentence having the content which summarizes the meaning of the original pair of sentences. However, to be suitable for pairs of sentences having above characteristics and the new reducing sentence have to satisfy the naturalism for the cognition of native speakers, our approach in this research is based on the main idea: (i) resolve the anaphoric pronoun and identify that the antecedent is human or thing; (iii) analyze inter-sentential relationships of Transitive Verb of action; (iii) propose the new generating algorithm. These points help for better understanding the meaning of the original pair of sentences and generating the new reducing sentence. One more important point is the proposed solution in this research can be applied for many different natural languages.
Sophie M. Hardy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aging and syntactic representations: Evidence of preserved syntactic priming and lexical boost.
Psychology and Aging, 2017Co-Authors: Sophie M. Hardy, Katherine Messenger, Elizabeth A. MaylorAbstract:Young adults can be primed to re-use a syntactic structure across otherwise unrelated utterances but it is not known whether this phenomenon exists in older adults. In a dialogue task, young and older adults described Transitive Verb target pictures after hearing active or passive sentences. Both groups were more likely to produce a passive sentence following a passive prime than following an active prime (indicating syntactic priming), and this effect increased when the prime and target involved the same Verb (indicating lexical boost). These effects were statistically equivalent in young and older adults, suggesting that the syntactic representations underlying sentence production are unaffected by normal aging.
