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Tobias Reichenbach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • individual differences in the attentional modulation of the human Auditory Brainstem Response to speech inform on speech in noise deficits
    Scientific Reports, 2019
    Co-Authors: Marina Saizalia, Antonio Elia Forte, Tobias Reichenbach
    Abstract:

    People with normal hearing thresholds can nonetheless have difficulty with understanding speech in noisy backgrounds. The origins of such supra-threshold hearing deficits remain largely unclear. Previously we showed that the Auditory Brainstem Response to running speech is modulated by selective attention, evidencing a subcortical mechanism that contributes to speech-in-noise comprehension. We observed, however, significant variation in the magnitude of the Brainstem’s attentional modulation between the different volunteers. Here we show that this variability relates to the ability of the subjects to understand speech in background noise. In particular, we assessed 43 young human volunteers with normal hearing thresholds for their speech-in-noise comprehension. We also recorded their Auditory Brainstem Responses to running speech when selectively attending to one of two competing voices. To control for potential peripheral hearing deficits, and in particular for cochlear synaptopathy, we further assessed noise exposure, the temporal sensitivity threshold, the middle-ear muscle reflex, and the Auditory-Brainstem Response to clicks in various levels of background noise. These tests did not show evidence for cochlear synaptopathy amongst the volunteers. Furthermore, we found that only the attentional modulation of the Brainstem Response to speech was significantly related to speech-in-noise comprehension. Our results therefore evidence an impact of top-down modulation of Brainstem activity on the variability in speech-in-noise comprehension amongst the subjects.

  • decoding of selective attention to continuous speech from the human Auditory Brainstem Response
    bioRxiv, 2019
    Co-Authors: Octave Etard, Antonio Elia Forte, Mikolaj Kegler, Chananel Braiman, Tobias Reichenbach
    Abstract:

    Humans are highly skilled at analysing complex acoustic scenes. The segregation of different acoustic streams and the formation of corresponding neural representations is mostly attributed to the Auditory cortex. Decoding of selective attention from neuroimaging has therefore focussed on cortical Responses to sound. However, the Auditory Brainstem Response to speech is modulated by selective attention as well, as recently shown through measuring the Brainstem9s Response to running speech. Although the Response of the Auditory Brainstem has a smaller magnitude than that of the Auditory cortex, it occurs at much higher frequencies and therefore has a higher information rate. Here we develop statistical models for extracting the Brainstem Response from multi-channel scalp recordings and for analysing the attentional modulation according to the focus of attention. We demonstrate that the attentional modulation of the Brainstem Response to speech can be employed to decode the attentional focus of a listener from short measurements of ten seconds or less in duration. The decoding remains accurate when obtained from three EEG channels only. We further show how out-of-the-box decoding that employs subject-independent models, as well as decoding that is independent of the specific attended speaker is capable of achieving similar accuracy. These results open up new avenues for investigating the neural mechanisms for selective attention in the Brainstem and for developing efficient Auditory brain-computer interfaces.

  • decoding of selective attention to continuous speech from the human Auditory Brainstem Response
    NeuroImage, 2019
    Co-Authors: Octave Etard, Antonio Elia Forte, Mikolaj Kegle, Chananel Aima, Tobias Reichenbach
    Abstract:

    Abstract Humans are highly skilled at analysing complex acoustic scenes. The segregation of different acoustic streams and the formation of corresponding neural representations is mostly attributed to the Auditory cortex. Decoding of selective attention from neuroimaging has therefore focussed on cortical Responses to sound. However, the Auditory Brainstem Response to speech is modulated by selective attention as well, as recently shown through measuring the Brainstem's Response to running speech. Although the Response of the Auditory Brainstem has a smaller magnitude than that of the Auditory cortex, it occurs at much higher frequencies and therefore has a higher information rate. Here we develop statistical models for extracting the Brainstem Response from multi-channel scalp recordings and for analysing the attentional modulation according to the focus of attention. We demonstrate that the attentional modulation of the Brainstem Response to speech can be employed to decode the attentional focus of a listener from short measurements of 10 s or less in duration. The decoding remains accurate when obtained from three EEG channels only. We further show how out-of-the-box decoding that employs subject-independent models, as well as decoding that is independent of the specific attended speaker is capable of achieving similar accuracy. These results open up new avenues for investigating the neural mechanisms for selective attention in the Brainstem and for developing efficient Auditory brain-computer interfaces.

  • real time decoding of selective attention from the human Auditory Brainstem Response to continuous speech
    bioRxiv, 2018
    Co-Authors: Octave Etard, Antonio Elia Forte, Mikolaj Kegler, Chananel Braiman, Tobias Reichenbach
    Abstract:

    Humans are highly skilled at analysing complex Auditory scenes. Previously we showed that the Auditory Brainstem Response to speech is modulated by selective attention, a result that we achieved through developing a novel method for measuring the Brainstem9s Response to running speech (Forte et al. 2017). Here we demonstrate that the attentional modulation of the Brainstem Response to speech can be employed to decode the attentional focus of a listener in real time, from short measurements of ten seconds or less in duration. The decoding is based on complex statistical models for extracting the Brainstem Response from multi-channel scalp recordings and subsequent classification of the model performances according to the focus of attention. We further show how a few recording channels as well as out-of-the-box decoding that employs population average models achieve a high accuracy from short recordings as well.

  • real time decoding of selective attention from the human Auditory Brainstem Response to continuous speech
    bioRxiv, 2018
    Co-Authors: Octave Etard, Antonio Elia Forte, Mikolaj Kegle, Chananel Aima, Tobias Reichenbach
    Abstract:

    Humans are highly skilled at analysing complex acoustic scenes. The segregation of different acoustic streams and the formation of corresponding neural representations is mostly attributed to the Auditory cortex. Decoding of selective attention from neuroimaging has therefore focussed on cortical Responses to sound. However, the Auditory Brainstem Response to speech is modulated by selective attention as well, as recently shown through measuring the Brainstem9s Response to running speech. Although the Response of the Auditory Brainstem has a smaller magnitude than that of the Auditory cortex, it occurs at much higher frequencies and therefore has a higher information rate. Here we develop statistical models for extracting the Brainstem Response from multi-channel scalp recordings and for analysing the attentional modulation according to the focus of attention. We demonstrate that the attentional modulation of the Brainstem Response to speech can be employed to decode the attentional focus of a listener from short measurements of ten seconds or less in duration. The decoding remains accurate when obtained from three EEG channels only. We further show how out-of-the-box decoding that employs subject-independent models, as well as decoding that is independent of the specific attended speaker is capable of achieving similar accuracy. These results open up new avenues for investigating the neural mechanisms for selective attention in the Brainstem and for developing efficient Auditory brain-computer interfaces.

Jierong Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • atypical longitudinal development of speech evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders
    Autism Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: Jierong Chen, Chun Liang, Zhen Wei, Zitian Cui, Xuejun Kong, Cunjian Dong, Yuan Lai, Ziwen Peng
    Abstract:

    Language impairment is common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Previous research has shown that this disability may be, in part, due to atypical Auditory processing of speech stimuli. However, how speech sounds are processed in children with ASD remains largely unknown. The present study assessed the developmental pattern of Auditory information processing at the level of the Brainstem in preschool children with ASD using speech-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (speech-ABR). Children with ASD (N = 15) and of typical developing (TD) (N = 20), both of preschool age, were enrolled. The speech-ABRs recorded at two different time points (T1 and T2; 9.68 months apart on average) were virtually identical in the TD group. However, in the ASD group, the wave V latency of speech-ABR was significantly shortened and the amplitudes of wave A and C were significantly larger at T2, compared to those recorded at T1 (10.78 months apart on average). Compared to the TD group, the wave V and A latencies were prolonged at T1, whereas the wave E amplitude decreased and wave F latency prolonged at T2. There was a positive partial correlation between the language performance and the wave A amplitude in the ASD group. These results indicate that Auditory processing at the subcortical level is well-developed in the TD preschool children, but is immature and abnormal in the children with ASD at the same ages. Thus, aberrant speech processing at the Brainstem level may contribute significantly to the language impairment in children with ASD at preschool ages. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1022-1031. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Language impairment is common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We investigated the developmental pattern of subcortical Auditory processing by monitoring changes in the speech-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (speech-ABR) over a period of 10 months in preschool children. Our results show that subcortical Auditory processing is impaired and immature in children with ASD compared with age-matched, typically developing children. The results suggest that speech-ABR may be used as an objective measure in evaluating the language performance of children with ASD. The results also suggest that aberrant speech processing at the level of the Brainstem may contribute significantly to the language impairment in preschool children with ASD.

Paul J Abbas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Carolyn J Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • preliminary results of the relationship between the binaural interaction component of the electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Response and interaural pitch comparisons in bilateral cochlear implant recipients
    Ear and Hearing, 2012
    Co-Authors: Carolyn J Brown, Paul J Abbas
    Abstract:

    Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between electrophysiologic measures of the binaural interaction component (BIC) of the electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (EABR) and psychophysical measures of interaural pitch comparisons in Nucleus bilateral cochlear implant users.

  • comparison of electrically evoked whole nerve action potential and electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds in nucleus ci24r cochlear implant recipients
    Journal of The American Academy of Audiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Marcia J Haymccutcheon, Carolyn J Brown, Kelly Schmidt M Clay, Keely Seyle
    Abstract:

    In this study, differences between electrically evoked whole-nerve action potential (EAP) and electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (EABR) measurements within Nucleus CI24R cochlear implant recipients were evaluated. Precurved modiolus-hugging internal electrode arrays, such as the CI24R, are designed to provide more direct stimulation of neural elements of the modiolus. If the electrode array is closer to the modiolus, electrically evoked and behavioral levels might be lower than were previously recorded for the straight electrode array, the CI24M. EAP and EABR growth functions and behavioral levels were obtained for 10 postlingually deafened adults. Results revealed no significant differences between EAP and EABR threshold levels, and these levels were not significantly lower than those obtained using the CI24M.

  • comparison of Auditory steady state Response and Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds in children
    Journal of The American Academy of Audiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Kathy Vander R Werff, Carolyn J Brown, Barbara A Gienapp, Kelly Schmidt M Clay
    Abstract:

    Recently, Auditory steady-state Responses (ASSRs) have been proposed as an alternative to the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) for threshold estimation. The goal of this study was to investigate the degree to which ASSR thresholds correlate with ABR thresholds for a group of sedated children with a range of hearing losses. Thirty-two children from the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics ranging in age from 2 months to 3 years and presenting with a range of ABR thresholds participated. Strong correlations were found between the 2000-Hz ASSR thresholds and click ABR thresholds (r = .96), the average of the 2000- and 4000-Hz ASSR thresholds and click ABR thresholds (r = .97), and the 500-Hz ASSR and 500-Hz toneburst ABR thresholds (r = .86). Additionally, it was possible to measure ASSR thresholds for several children with hearing loss that was great enough to result in no ABR at the limits of the equipment . The results of this study indicate that the ASSR may provide a reasonable alternative to the ABR for estimating audiometric thresholds in very young children.

Ing Ping Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparison of distortion product otoacoustic emission dpoae and automated Auditory Brainstem Response aabr for neonatal hearing screening in a hospital with high delivery rate
    International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Narayanan Prepageran, Ling Xiu Ngui, Ing Ping Tang, Zhun Wieng Lai
    Abstract:

    Abstract Introduction Congenital hearing loss is one of the commonest congenital anomalies. Neonatal hearing screening aims to detect congenital hearing loss early and provide prompt intervention for better speech and language development. The two recommended methods for neonatal hearing screening are otoacoustic emission (OAE) and automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR). Objective To study the effectiveness of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) as first screening tool among non-risk newborns in a hospital with high delivery rate. Method A total of 722 non-risk newborns (1444 ears) were screened with both DPOAE and AABR prior to discharge within one month. Babies who failed AABR were rescreened with AABR ± diagnostic Auditory Brainstem Response tests within one month of age. Results The pass rate for AABR (67.9%) was higher than DPOAE (50.1%). Both DPOAE and AABR pass rates improved significantly with increasing age (p-value Conclusions OAE test is faster and easier than AABR, but with higher false positive rate. The most ideal hearing screening protocol should be tailored according to different centre.