The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Giorgio Vallortigara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
Daniele Pellitteri-rosa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
Andrea Gazzola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
Marko Lazić - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
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Righting behaviour in the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis): relations between behavioural and morphological Lateralization
Animal Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Daniele Pellitteri-rosa, Marko Lazić, Andrea Gazzola, Giorgio VallortigaraAbstract:Lateralization represents a key property of many behavioural traits, with the right and left sides of the brain providing different and integrative functions. Common ecological contexts where Lateralization can be observed are foraging and predatory ones, where both visual and Auditory Lateralization may provide advantages such as faster response and increasing neural processing capacity. This is crucial in selecting a safe refuge during a predatory attack and may strongly affect the outcome of predator–prey interactions. For animals like turtles, a critical condition may occur when they are overturned on their own shell, which causes difficulties in breathing and thermoregulation, making them more vulnerable to predators. Therefore, the ability to right is a critical adaptive component related to survival in aquatic turtles, which has been observed to be lateralized. However, an overlooked feature of behavioural Lateralization is its possible relationship with asymmetry in external morphology. Here we investigated this topic in freshwater European pond turtles Emys orbicularis , looking at a possible relation between Lateralization in righting behaviour response and asymmetry in the shape of turtles’ plastron and carapace. Righting performance (total time needed to completely turn) appeared to depend on shell shape. We found that none of the morphometric variables was related to a Lateralization index calculated as the first side from which turtles tried to right. However, a strong negative correlation between the asymmetry index of plastron and the turning direction emerged, with more symmetric animals tending to turn to the right side.
Yones Lotfi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Speech-evoked Auditory brainstem response; electrophysiological evidence of upper brainstem facilitative role on sound Lateralization in noise
Neurological Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Abdollah Moossavi, Yones Lotfi, Mohanna Javanbakht, Soghrat FaghihzadehAbstract:Background and aim Sound Lateralization/localization is one of the most important Auditory processing abilities, which plays approved role in Auditory streaming and speech perception in challenging situations like noisy places. In addition to the main role of lower brainstem centers like superior olivary complex in sound Lateralization, efferent Auditory system effects on improving Auditory skills in everyday Auditory challenging positions were revealed. This study evaluated noise effects on Lateralization scores in correlation with an objective electrophysiologic test (Speech-ABR in noise), which objectively shows cumulative effects of the afferent and efferent Auditory systems at the inferior colliculus and upper brainstem pathway. Method Fourteen normal-hearing subjects in the age range of 18 to 25 participated in this study. Lateralization scores in the quiet and noisy modes were evaluated. Speech-ABR in both ears for quiet mode and three different contralateral noise levels (SNR = + 5, 0, − 5) were recorded, too. Correlation of Lateralization scores and Speech-ABR changes in noise was studied. Results Significant decrease of Lateralization scores with latency increase and amplitude decrease of Speech-ABR transient peaks (V, A, O) was seen with noise presentation. A high positive correlation between Lateralization decrease with latency increase of onset peaks (V, A) and amplitude decrease of transient peaks (V, A, O) was found in low signal-to-noise ratios. Conclusion The study revealed that in high challenging Auditory situations like Auditory Lateralization in noise, upper brainstem centers and pathways play a facilitative role for main Auditory Lateralization centers in lower levels.
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Auditory Lateralization Training Effects on Binaural Interaction Component of Middle Latency Response in Children Suspected to Central Auditory Processing Disorder
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2019Co-Authors: Yones Lotfi, Abdollah Moosavi, Farzaneh Zamiri Abdollahi, Enayatollah BakhshiAbstract:Many children with central Auditory processing disorder (C)APD suffer from spatial processing disorder and benefit from binaural processing training including Auditory Lateralization training. There are subjective tests for evaluating Auditory training effects in children with (C)APD but they rely on patient’s attention and cooperation so there is a need for appropriate objective tests. The aim of present study was investigating effects of Auditory Lateralization training on binaural interaction component (BIC) of middle latency response (MLR). This study was an analytical interventional study. Sixty children suspected to (C)APD (40 boys and 20 girls) were selected based on inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups: control and training group. Auditory Lateralization training included 12 formal sessions under headphone by using interaural time difference and performed as a game. MLR (monaural right ear, monaural left ear and binaural) and monaural selective Auditory attention test (mSAAT) tests were performed in all the cases. BIC was calculated by subtracting binaural response from summed monaural responses. Covariance test showed that BIC latency decreased and BIC amplitude increased significantly and mSAAT score increased significantly in training group after Auditory Lateralization training ( p value ≤ 0.001). In present study BIC of MLR had potential to show underlying neurophysiologic changes after Auditory Lateralization training in children suspected to (C)APD objectively. It is in agreement with behavioral improvements after training (mSAAT improvements).
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Comparison between the Auditory Lateralization ability of normal hearing elderly and youth with filtered noise
Auditory and Vestibular Research, 2019Co-Authors: Yones Lotfi, Zahra Hosseini Dastgerdi, Maryam Bastami, Enayatollah BakhshiAbstract:Background and Aim: Aging affects the auditory Lateralization function that is achieved through processing binaural cues. One of the most important benefits of this process, along with getting informed of sound location, is increasing signal to noise ratio and improvement of speech comprehension in crowded environments, which is one of the most common hearing complaints in the elderly. This study aimed to compare the performance of the Lateralization function under the headphone conditions between the elderly and the youth, with a filtered noise stimulus. Methods: This study was performed between 22 elderly aged 60−80 and 22 young people aged 20−30. The Auditory threshold was less than 25 dB HL in 250 to 4000 Hz frequencies in both groups. By applying a time delay of −880 to +880 microsecond and the intensity difference of −10 to +10 dB between the two ears, and with high-pass and low-pass noise stimulus, the Lateralization function was examined. For description of the Lateralization function, scatter diagram and in order to compare the results, paired t-test and independent t-test were used. Results: Findings showed that the elderly's errors were increased in all tests compared to those of the youth group. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two groups in Lateralization by time clues with low-pass and high-pass noise. Conclusion: Results confirm the impairment of the Lateralization and processing of binaural cues in the elderly differently.
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binaural sensitivity to temporal fine structure and Lateralization ability in children with suspected central Auditory processing disorder
Auris Nasus Larynx, 2019Co-Authors: Yones Lotfi, Abdollah Moossavi, Tayebeh Ahmadi, Enayatollah BakhshiAbstract:Abstract Objective Previous studies have shown that a subgroup of children with suspected (central) Auditory processing disorder (SusCAPD) have insufficient ability to use binaural cues to benefit from spatial processing. Thus, they experience considerable listening difficulties in challenging Auditory environments, such as classrooms. Some researchers have also indicated the probable role of binaural temporal fine structure (TFS) in the perceptual segregation of target signal from noise and hence in speech perception in noise. Therefore, in the present study, in order to further investigate the underlying reason for listening problems against background noise in this group of children, their performance was measured using binaural TFS sensitivity test (TFS-LF) as well as behavioral Auditory Lateralization in noise test, both of which are based on binaural temporal cues processing. Methods Participants in this analytical study included 91 children with normal hearing and no listening problems and 41 children (9–12 years old) with SusCAPD who found it challenging to understand speech in noise. Initially, the ability to use binaural TFS was measured at three frequencies (250, 500 and 750 Hz) in both the groups, and the results of preliminary evaluations were compared between normal children and those with SusCAPD who participated in the study. Thereafter, the binaural performance of the 16 children with SusCAPD who had higher thresholds than the normal group at all three frequencies tested in TFS-LF test was examined using the Lateralization test in 7 spatial locations. Results Total 16 of the 41 children with SusCAPD who participated in this study (39%) showed poor performance on the TFS-LF test at all three frequencies, compared to both normal children and other children in the APD group (p Conclusion Findings of the current study demonstrated that one of the underlying causes for the difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments experienced by a subgroup of children with SusCAPD can be the reduced ability to benefit from binaural TFS information. This study also showed that a reduced ability to use binaural TFS cues in the group of children with SusCAPD was accompanied by reduced binaural processing abilities in the Lateralization test which also admit the presence of binaural temporal processing deficits in this group of children.
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effects of an Auditory Lateralization training in children suspected to central Auditory processing disorder
Journal of Audiology & Otology, 2016Co-Authors: Yones Lotfi, Abdollah Moosavi, Enayatollah Bakhshi, Farzaneh Zamiri Abdollahi, Hamed SadjediAbstract:Background and Objectives Central Auditory processing disorder [(C)APD] refers to a deficit in Auditory stimuli processing in nervous system that is not due to higher-order language or cognitive factors. One of the problems in children with (C)APD is spatial difficulties which have been overlooked despite their significance. Localization is an Auditory ability to detect sound sources in space and can help to differentiate between the desired speech from other simultaneous sound sources. Aim of this research was investigating effects of an Auditory Lateralization training on speech perception in presence of noise/competing signals in children suspected to (C)APD.