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Nancy J Mendelsohn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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clinical genetics evaluation in identifying the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders 2013 guideline revisions
Genetics in Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Bradley G Schaefer, Nancy J MendelsohnAbstract:Clinical genetics evaluation in identifying the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders: 2013 guideline revisions
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clinical genetics evaluation in identifying the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders 2013 guideline revisions
Genetics in Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Bradley G Schaefer, Nancy J MendelsohnAbstract:The Autism Spectrum Disorders are a collective of conditions that have in common impaired socialization and communication in association with stereotypic behaviors. The reported incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders has increased dramatically over the past two decades. In addition, increased attention has been paid to these conditions by both lay and professional groups. These trends have resulted in an increase in the number of referrals to clinical geneticist for the evaluation of persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The primary roles of the geneticist in this process are to define etiology when possible, to provide genetic counseling, and to contribute to case management. In deciding on the appropriate evaluation for a particular patient, the geneticist will consider a host of factors: (i) ensuring an accurate diagnosis of Autism before proceeding with any investigation; (ii) discussing testing options, diagnostic yields, and family investment before proceeding with an evaluation; (iii) communicating and coordinating with the patient-centered medical home (PCMH); (iv) assessing the continuously expanding and evolving list of available laboratory-testing modalities in light of the published literature; (v) recognizing the expanded phenotypes of well-described syndromic and metabolic conditions that overlap with Autism Spectrum Disorders; and (vi) defining an individualized evaluation plan based on the unique history and clinical features of a given patient. The guidelines in this paper have been developed to assist the clinician in the consideration of these factors. It updates the original publication from 2008.Genet Med 2013:15(5):399-407.
Bradley G Schaefer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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clinical genetics evaluation in identifying the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders 2013 guideline revisions
Genetics in Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Bradley G Schaefer, Nancy J MendelsohnAbstract:Clinical genetics evaluation in identifying the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders: 2013 guideline revisions
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clinical genetics evaluation in identifying the etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders 2013 guideline revisions
Genetics in Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Bradley G Schaefer, Nancy J MendelsohnAbstract:The Autism Spectrum Disorders are a collective of conditions that have in common impaired socialization and communication in association with stereotypic behaviors. The reported incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders has increased dramatically over the past two decades. In addition, increased attention has been paid to these conditions by both lay and professional groups. These trends have resulted in an increase in the number of referrals to clinical geneticist for the evaluation of persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The primary roles of the geneticist in this process are to define etiology when possible, to provide genetic counseling, and to contribute to case management. In deciding on the appropriate evaluation for a particular patient, the geneticist will consider a host of factors: (i) ensuring an accurate diagnosis of Autism before proceeding with any investigation; (ii) discussing testing options, diagnostic yields, and family investment before proceeding with an evaluation; (iii) communicating and coordinating with the patient-centered medical home (PCMH); (iv) assessing the continuously expanding and evolving list of available laboratory-testing modalities in light of the published literature; (v) recognizing the expanded phenotypes of well-described syndromic and metabolic conditions that overlap with Autism Spectrum Disorders; and (vi) defining an individualized evaluation plan based on the unique history and clinical features of a given patient. The guidelines in this paper have been developed to assist the clinician in the consideration of these factors. It updates the original publication from 2008.Genet Med 2013:15(5):399-407.
Johnny L Matson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2011Co-Authors: Johnny L Matson, Alison M KozlowskiAbstract:Undoubtedly, one of the most frequently studied conditions in the field of mental health today is the Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). One of the most controversial topics with respect to this population is the prevalence of this Spectrum of Disorders. The number of cases has risen dramatically, and various hypotheses have been put forward to explain this phenomenon. Among the most frequently addressed possibilities are expanded diagnostic criteria, more awareness of the disorder, diagnosis at earlier ages, and the recognition that ASD is a lifelong condition. The current paper is a review of the extant literature on this topic. Current status of prevalence research is reviewed and conclusions about the current state of the research are discussed.
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progression of challenging behaviors in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders as measured by the Autism Spectrum Disorders problem behaviors for children asd pbc
Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2010Co-Authors: Johnny L Matson, Sara Mahan, Julie A Hess, Jill C Fodstad, Daniene NealAbstract:Abstract This study examined the effect of age on challenging behaviors among 167 children, ages 3–14 years, with Autistic Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, or Asperger's syndrome. Results of a MANOVA indicated that there were no significant differences between young children, children, and young adolescents on any of the 18 items comprising the Autism Spectrum Disorder-Problem Behavior for Children (ASD-PBC). A curve estimation further supported that challenging behaviors were chronic among children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
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intellectual disability and its relationship to Autism Spectrum Disorders
Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2009Co-Authors: Johnny L Matson, Mary E ShoemakerAbstract:Intellectual disability (ID) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) covary at very high rates. Similarly, greater severity of one of these two Disorders appears to have effects on the other disorder on a host of factors. A good deal of research has appeared on the topic with respect to nosology, prevalence, adaptive functioning, challenging behaviors, and comorbid psychopathology. The purpose of this paper was to provide a critical review and status report on the research published on these topics. Current status and future directions for better understanding these two covarying Disorders was reviewed along with a discussion of relevant strengths and weaknesses of the current body of research.
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the effect of Autism Spectrum Disorders on adaptive independent living skills in adults with severe intellectual disability
Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2009Co-Authors: Johnny L Matson, Timothy Dempsey, Jill C FodstadAbstract:Autism Spectrum Disorders are a class of conditions categorized by communication problems, ritualistic behaviors, and deficits in social behaviors. While evidence supporting a genetic component of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) is strong, no specific genetic marker has been identified. Thus, professionals have had to utilize intelligence tests and measures of adaptive functioning to aid in the diagnosis of individuals with ASD. The present study aimed to isolate specific differences in adaptive functioning in adults with ASD. Two hundred and thirty-four adults with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) or Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) and intellectual disabilities (IDs) were evaluated with respect to the nature and extent of their independent living skill functioning. The implications of these data for more fully describing and diagnosing Autism and PDD-NOS in adults are discussed.
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applied behavior analysis for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
2009Co-Authors: Johnny L MatsonAbstract:History and Overview.- Applied Behavior Analysis and Its Application to Autism and Autism Related Disorders.- Assessment Methods.- Intervention and Treatment Methods for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.- Differential Diagnosis in Autism Spectrum Disorders.- Communication.- Social Skills and Autism: Understanding and Addressing the Deficits.- Rituals and Stereotypies.- Self-injury.- Aggression and Noncompliance.- Adaptive and Self-Help Skills.- Generalization and Maintenance.- Training Issues Unique to Autism Spectrum Disorders.- Parent Training Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Mary A Fristad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a systematic review of sensory processing interventions for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autism, 2015Co-Authors: Jane Casesmith, Lindy L Weaver, Mary A FristadAbstract:Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders often exhibit co-occurring sensory processing problems and receive interventions that target self-regulation. In current practice, sensory interventions apply different theoretic constructs, focus on different goals, use a variety of sensory modalities, and involve markedly disparate procedures. Previous reviews examined the effects of sensory interventions without acknowledging these inconsistencies. This systematic review examined the research evidence (2000–2012) of two forms of sensory interventions, sensory integration therapy and sensory-based intervention, for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and concurrent sensory processing problems. A total of 19 studies were reviewed: 5 examined the effects of sensory integration therapy and 14 sensory-based intervention. The studies defined sensory integration therapies as clinic-based interventions that use sensory-rich, child-directed activities to improve a child’s adaptive responses to sensory experiences. Two...
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a systematic review of sensory processing interventions for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autism, 2015Co-Authors: Jane Casesmith, Lindy L Weaver, Mary A FristadAbstract:Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders often exhibit co-occurring sensory processing problems and receive interventions that target self-regulation. In current practice, sensory interventions apply different theoretic constructs, focus on different goals, use a variety of sensory modalities, and involve markedly disparate procedures. Previous reviews examined the effects of sensory interventions without acknowledging these inconsistencies. This systematic review examined the research evidence (2000-2012) of two forms of sensory interventions, sensory integration therapy and sensory-based intervention, for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and concurrent sensory processing problems. A total of 19 studies were reviewed: 5 examined the effects of sensory integration therapy and 14 sensory-based intervention. The studies defined sensory integration therapies as clinic-based interventions that use sensory-rich, child-directed activities to improve a child's adaptive responses to sensory experiences. Two randomized controlled trials found positive effects for sensory integration therapy on child performance using Goal Attainment Scaling (effect sizes ranging from .72 to 1.62); other studies (Levels III-IV) found positive effects on reducing behaviors linked to sensory problems. Sensory-based interventions are characterized as classroom-based interventions that use single-sensory strategies, for example, weighted vests or therapy balls, to influence a child's state of arousal. Few positive effects were found in sensory-based intervention studies. Studies of sensory-based interventions suggest that they may not be effective; however, they did not follow recommended protocols or target sensory processing problems. Although small randomized controlled trials resulted in positive effects for sensory integration therapies, additional rigorous trials using manualized protocols for sensory integration therapy are needed to evaluate effects for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and sensory processing problems.
Henrik Anckarsater - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the genetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders and related neuropsychiatric Disorders in childhood
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Paul Lichtenstein, Eva Carlstrom, Maria Rastam, Christopher Gillberg, Henrik AnckarsaterAbstract:Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorders are considered to be among the most heritable mental Disorders, a notion based on surprisingly sparse data from small clinical studies. Population-based studies of the heritability of other neuro-psychiatric Disorders and comorbidities among them have also been sparse. The authors sought to address both of these issues. Method: Parents of all Swedish 9- and 12-year-old twin pairs born between 1992 and 2000 (N=10,895) were interviewed regarding Autism Spectrum Disorders and associated conditions (response rate, 80%). Concordance rates and structural equation modeling were used for evaluating causes for familial aggregation and overlap between conditions. Results: Monozygotic twins had higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins for Autism Spectrum Disorders, attention defcit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), developmental coordination disorder, and tic disorder. Genetic effects accounted for 80% (95% CI=29-91) of the variation in liability for Autism Spectrum Disorders, 79% (95% CI=61-88) for ADHD, 70% (95% CI=35-83) for developmental coordination disorder, and 56% (95% CI=37-68) for tic disorder. Among monozygotic co-twins of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, the probability of having a diagnosis of ADHD was 44%, compared with 15% for dizygotic co-twins. Differences in cross-disorder effects between monozygotic and dizygotic twins were observed for most other comorbidities, and substantial proportions of the genetic variance for Autism Spectrum Disorders was shared with each of the other Disorders. Conclusions: Different neuropsychiatric Disorders seem to have a common genetic etiology, suggesting caution in the use of diagnostic entities and proband status in efforts to uncover genes predisposing to Autism Spectrum Disorders.
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the impact of adhd and Autism Spectrum Disorders on temperament character and personality development
FOCUS, 2010Co-Authors: Henrik Anckarsater, Ola Stahlberg, Tomas Larson, Catrin Hakansson, Sigbritt Jutblad, Lena Niklasson, Agneta Nyden, Elisabet Wentz, Stefan Westergren, Robert C CloningerAbstract:Objective:The authors describe personality development and Disorders in relation to symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Method:Consecutive adults referred for neuropsychiatric investigation (N=240) were assessed for current and lifetime ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders and completed the Temperament and Character Inventory. In a subgroup of subjects (N=174), presence of axis II personality Disorders was also assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Results:Patients with ADHD reported high novelty seeking and high harm avoidance. Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders reported low novelty seeking, low reward dependence, and high harm avoidance. Character scores (self-directedness and cooperativeness) were extremely low among subjects with neuropsychiatric Disorders, indicating a high overall prevalence of personality Disorders, which was confirmed with the SCID-II. Cluster B personality Disorders wer...
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the impact of adhd and Autism Spectrum Disorders on temperament character and personality development
American Journal of Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Henrik Anckarsater, Ola Stahlberg, Tomas Larson, Catrin Hakansson, Sigbritt Jutblad, Lena Niklasson, Agneta Nyden, Elisabet Wentz, Stefan Westergren, Robert C CloningerAbstract:Objective: The authors describe personality development and Disorders in relation to symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Method: Consecutive adults referred for neuropsychiatric investigation (N=240) were assessed for current and lifetime ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders and completed the Temperament and Character Inventory. In a subgroup of subjects (N=174), presence of axis II personality Disorders was also assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Results: Patients with ADHD reported high novelty seeking and high harm avoidance. Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders reported low novelty seeking, low reward dependence, and high harm avoidance. Character scores (self-directedness and cooperativeness) were extremely low among subjects with neuropsychiatric Disorders, indicating a high overall prevalence of personality Disorders, which was confirmed with the SCID-II. Cluster B personality Disorders ...
