The Experts below are selected from a list of 41214 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hagop S Akiskal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Temperamental dimensions of the temps a in male and female subjects engaging in extreme or and high risk sports
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2015Co-Authors: Marcin Siwek, Kareen K Akiskal, Hagop S Akiskal, Dominika Dudek, Katarzyna Drozdowicz, Rafal Jaeschke, Krzysztof Styczen, Aleksandra Arciszewska, Janusz K RybakowskiAbstract:Abstract Objectives We investigated Temperamental dimensions of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) as well as bipolarity features in male and female subjects engaging in extreme or/and high risk sports. Methods The web-based case-control study was performed in 480 subjects engaging in extreme or/and high risk sports (255 male, 225 female) aged 26±6 years and in 235 age- and sex-matched healthy controls subjects (107 male, 128 female), aged 28 + 9 years. The TEMPS-A questionnaire, 110 questions version, has been used, evaluating five Temperament domains: depressive, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, irritable and anxious. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) was employed for the assessment of bipolarity. Results Both male and female athletes had significantly higher scores of hyperthymic Temperaments compared with control male and female subjects who had declared themselves as not involved into the activities of extreme or/and high risk sports. In addition, compared with controls, male sportsmen had lower scores of depressive and anxious Temperaments, and female athletes had higher scores of cyclothymic and irritable Temperaments. Both male and female athletes obtained significantly higher scores of bipolarity as measured by the MDQ, than control men and women. Limitations Web-based study involving a risk of selection and recall bias, problematic homogeneity of the experimental group. Conclusions Subjects engaged into extreme or/and high risk sports have significantly higher scores of hyperthymic Temperament, measured by the TEMPS-A and present sex-specific features of other Temperaments. Such subjects obtain also greater bipolarity scores as measured by the MDQ.
-
affective Temperament history of suicide attempt and family history of suicide in general practice patients
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Zoltan Rihmer, Hagop S Akiskal, Xenia Gonda, Peter Torzsa, Laszlo Kalabay, Ajandek EoryAbstract:Abstract Background Untreated major affective disorders are strongly associated with suicidal behaviour; however, clinical, psychological and psycho-social risk factors also play a contributory role. Personal history and family history of suicide are also important predictors of suicidal behaviours, and are also a powerful marker of current major depressive episode in general practice patients. Affective Temperaments, which can be considered the subaffective manifestations of major mood disorders also show a specific pattern of association with suicidal behaviour. In the present study our aim was to investigate the association between affective Temperaments, personal history of suicide attempts and family history of completed suicide in primary practice patients. Methods Five hundred and nine patients from 6 primary care practices completed the TEMPS-A, and were assessed concerning self-reported history of personal or family suicide. Results We found that among those answering questions concerning suicide, 9.1% reported a family history of suicide in first and second degree relatives and 4.8% had at least one prior suicide attempt. Among those giving a positive answer to both questions, those who had a positive family history had significantly more frequent suicide attempts (15.4% vs. 4.0%). Patients with prior suicide attempts had a significantly higher score on the cyclothymic and depressive, and those with positive family history of suicide had on cyclothymic and anxious subscales. Limitations In the present study, personal and family history of suicide was assessed retrospectively and in a self-report way. The cross-sectional nature of this study and the facts that no current psychiatric morbidity has been investigated and only the documented history of depressive and anxiety disorders have been detected limit the generalisability of this study. Discussion We found a significant relationship between depressive and cyclothymic affective Temperament and personal history of suicide attempts, and between cyclothymic and anxious Temperament and family history of completed suicide in first and second degree relatives. This is in line with previous findings showing a strong relationship between these affective Temperaments and major mood episodes and that these Temperaments are overrepresented among suicide attempters. Our findings also suggest that the presence of cyclothymic (and to lesser extent depressive) affective Temperament in a patient with family history of completed suicide indicates a very high risk of suicidal behaviour.
-
validation of the temps a in university student population in serbia
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Darko Hinic, Kareen K Akiskal, Hagop S Akiskal, Jelena Jovic, Dragana Ignjatovic RisticAbstract:Abstract Background and aims The TEMPS-A scale is a self-evaluation measure which assesses five affective Temperaments. This study is a comparative analysis of affective Temperament types in different educational fields, and the first validation of the Serbian version of the TEMPS-A. Methods The TEMPS-A questionnaire has been adapted following the translation–back translation methodology from English to Serbian. It was then administered to 770 undergraduate students from eight different faculties. Results Five factors were extracted through Principal Component Analysis (Varimax rotation), each including ten items with loadings above 0.40. The internal consistency of this abbreviated 50-item scale was α=0.77 and the average test–retest coefficient (rho=0.82) indicates a stable reliability. The correlations among the Temperaments ranged from weak to moderate, with the highest positive correlations obtained between the depressive and cyclothymic, and, depressive and anxious scales. The highest score was detected among the hyperthymic (0.64) and lowest among the depressive Temperament (0.15). The male participants attained significantly higher scores for the hyperthymic Temperament, while female scored significantly higher on the depressive and anxious Temperaments. The students of physical education showed significantly lower results on the depressive and anxious subscales and higher on the hyperthymic, in comparison to other educational fields. Limitations The student sample is not representative of the general population, therefore further investigation in older population would be necessary for the evaluation of norms in additional age categories. The external validation with other personality scales has not been the subject of this research, but will be a part of some future studies. Conclusions The Serbian 50-item version of the TEMPS-A showed good overall internal consistency and reliability, and the results generally cohere with those from previously validated versions in other languages.
-
discriminant and convergent validity of temps a p correlation with occupational personality questionnaire opq32 during a stressful situation
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Luca Rovai, Angelo Giovanni Icro Maremmani, Kareen K Akiskal, Annalisa Leonardi, Silvia Bacciardi, Fabio Rugani, Liliana Dellosso, Hagop S Akiskal, Icro MaremmaniAbstract:Abstract Background The Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS) has, in its self and rater-wise evaluation form, been designed to evaluate Temperamental characteristics in clinical and non-clinical populations. Methods In this study we aim to extend the field of correlations of TEMPS to include the Occupational Personality Questionnaire, ipsative version (OPQ32i). These correlations, if present, could provide a partial contribute to the validation process of TEMPS, currently in progress in various countries. OPQ32 is a self-report personality questionnaire designed to give information on an individual's preferred behavior, as assessed in terms of a number of work-related characteristics. In 921 applicants, who were competing to become cadets in the Italian Navy, we assessed, during the entrance examination, the correlations between TEMPS-A[P] and OPQ32i. Results Depressive Temperament implies a low level of ability to relate to others; hyperthymic Temperament implies high levels of feelings and emotions, and the capability to relate to people; cyclothymic Temperament appears to be distinguished by creativity and a low level of relationships with others; irritable Temperament partly overlaps with cyclothymic Temperament, the main difference being the higher level of energy and the lower level of empathy of irritable subjects. Conclusions The four affective Temperaments, in our sample, proved to significantly differ in the work capacity features measured by OPQ32 factors. These observed correlations between the two tests partially contributes to the ongoing validation process of TEMPS-A[P]. From a personality standpoint this study further supports the hypothesis that Temperaments belong to the realm of normality rather than that of pathology, in line with their putative adaptive role.
-
discriminant and convergent validity of temps a p correlation with occupational personality questionnaire opq32 during a stressful situation
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Luca Rovai, Angelo Giovanni Icro Maremmani, Kareen K Akiskal, Annalisa Leonardi, Silvia Bacciardi, Fabio Rugani, Liliana Dellosso, Hagop S Akiskal, Icro MaremmaniAbstract:Abstract Background The Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS) has, in its self and rater-wise evaluation form, been designed to evaluate Temperamental characteristics in clinical and non-clinical populations. Methods In this study we aim to extend the field of correlations of TEMPS to include the Occupational Personality Questionnaire, ipsative version (OPQ32i). These correlations, if present, could provide a partial contribute to the validation process of TEMPS, currently in progress in various countries. OPQ32 is a self-report personality questionnaire designed to give information on an individual's preferred behavior, as assessed in terms of a number of work-related characteristics. In 921 applicants, who were competing to become cadets in the Italian Navy, we assessed, during the entrance examination, the correlations between TEMPS-A[P] and OPQ32i. Results Depressive Temperament implies a low level of ability to relate to others; hyperthymic Temperament implies high levels of feelings and emotions, and the capability to relate to people; cyclothymic Temperament appears to be distinguished by creativity and a low level of relationships with others; irritable Temperament partly overlaps with cyclothymic Temperament, the main difference being the higher level of energy and the lower level of empathy of irritable subjects. Conclusions The four affective Temperaments, in our sample, proved to significantly differ in the work capacity features measured by OPQ32 factors. These observed correlations between the two tests partially contributes to the ongoing validation process of TEMPS-A[P]. From a personality standpoint this study further supports the hypothesis that Temperaments belong to the realm of normality rather than that of pathology, in line with their putative adaptive role.
Ross J Baldessarini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
differential associations of affective Temperaments and diagnosis of major affective disorders with suicidal behavior
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2017Co-Authors: Ross J Baldessarini, Marco Innamorati, Denise Erbuto, Gianluca Serafini, Andrea Fiorillo, Mario Amore, Paolo Girardi, Maurizio PompiliAbstract:Abstract Background Affective Temperaments are associated with suicidal risk, but their predictive value relative to diagnosis of major affective disorder is uncertain. Methods We compared diagnoses, affective-Temperament ratings (TEMPS-A), and other potential risk factors in 956 psychiatric inpatients, using bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression modeling for associations with suicidal status. Results Lifetime suicide-attempt rates were high (43.9% overall), ranking by diagnosis: bipolar-II (58.4%), major depressive (50.0%), bipolar-I (44.6%), other (38.0%), and psychotic (33.9%) disorders. TEMPS-A scores for depressive ( dep ), cyclothymic ( cyc ), irritable ( irr ), and anxious ( anx ) Temperaments and their sum were strongly associated with suicidal risk; hyperthymic ( hyp ) Temperament scores were inversely associated; and a composite measure ( dep+cyc+irr+anx – hyp ), even more strongly associated. The composite score was highly, independently associated with suicidal behavior ( p p =0.0002), but older age and diagnosis of major affective disorder, much less (both p =0.02). Conclusions Measures of affective Temperament-types were independently and more strongly associated with lifetime suicide attempt than was diagnosis of a major affective disorder. However, in this hospitalized cohort, suicide rates were high across diagnoses, possibly limiting the predictive value of diagnosis.
-
affective Temperaments and suicidal ideation and behavior in mood and anxiety disorder patients
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2016Co-Authors: Ross J Baldessarini, Gustavo H Vazquez, Leonardo TondoAbstract:Abstract Background Clinical characteristics proposed to be associated with suicidal risk include affective Temperament types. We tested this proposal with two methods in a large sample of subjects with mood and anxiety disorders. Methods We assessed consecutive, consenting subjects clinically for affective Temperament types and by TEMPS-A self-ratings for associations of Temperament with suicidal ideation and acts, using standard bivariate methods, and multivariate logistic regression models. Results Among 2561 subjects (major depressive, 1171; bipolar, 919, anxiety disorders, 471), Temperament-types and TEMPS-A (39-item Italian version) subscale scores differed by risk of suicidal acts or ideation. Suicidal acts and ideation were most associated with cyclothymic and dysthymic, and less with hyperthymic Temperaments. These associations were sustained by multivariate modeling that included diagnosis, age, sex, and diagnosis. Limitations Not all subjects completed TEMPS-A self-ratings; clinical assessments of Temperaments were not standardized, and long-term stability of Temperament assessments was not tested. Conclusions The findings support and extend associations of cyclothymic-dysthymic Temperaments with suicidal acts and ideation, whereas hyperthymic Temperament may be protective.
Giuseppe Maina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
obsessive compulsive disorder and cyclothymic Temperament an exploration of clinical features
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2010Co-Authors: Virginia Dambrosio, Filippo Bogetto, Umberto Albert, Giuseppe MainaAbstract:Abstract Background: Bipolar disorder comorbidity in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has relevant implications on the symptomatological expression, complications and pharmacologic treatment of the disorder. Relatively few data exist on OCD comorbid with soft-bipolar forms. The aims of the study are to evaluate affective Temperaments in patients with OCD and to analyze differences in socio-demographic and clinical characteristics according to the presence or absence of cyclothymic Temperament. Methods: The sample consisted of 167 patients with a principal diagnosis of OCD (DSM-IV-TR). Affective Temperaments have been evaluated through the Italian semistructured interview version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-I). Results: A total of 90 patients (53.9%) were diagnosed with a dominant affective Temperament. Cyclothymic affective Temperament (CT) was the most represented in the sample of OCD patients (19.2%). Patients with CT showed significant lower mean age at onset, higher scores at the HAM-A, more repeating compulsions, higher rates of eating disorder comorbidity, OCD spectrum disorder comorbidity and higher rates of Axis II comorbidity (particularly Cluster A). Limitations: Recruitment of OCD patients from a tertiary center. Absence of an investigation about treatment implications associated with cyclothymic Temperament. Conclusions: Patients with OCD and CT could be more severe and complicated compared to patients without CT. Moreover, individuals with OCD spectrum disorders may be vulnerable to bipolarity. Systematic assessment of affective Temperament is necessary to detect OCD with such a soft-bipolar comorbidity.
-
cyclothymic Temperament and major depressive disorder a study on italian patients
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2010Co-Authors: Giuseppe Maina, Virginio Salvi, Gianluca Rosso, Filippo BogettoAbstract:Abstract Background Classical authors had hypothesized that affective Temperaments represent the subclinical manifestations of mood disorders: in particular, cyclothymic and hyperthymic Temperaments have been considered as a subthreshold variant of bipolar disorder. The aim of our study is to test the presence of affective Temperaments in a group of Italian patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and to test the association between cyclothymic Temperament and well-established validators of bipolar disorder diagnosis such as age at onset and family history of bipolar disorder. Methods Patients with diagnosis of major depressive disorder (DSM-IV-TR) were included in the study. Affective Temperaments have been evaluated through the Italian semistructured interview version of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-I). In order to improve the accuracy of family history and age at onset reports, close family members of the patients were also interviewed. Results 104 of patients included in the study have completed the Temperament interview. 25.5% were diagnosed with a dominant affective Temperament. Cyclothymic affective Temperament was the most represented in the sample of MDD patients (12.3%); depressive, hyperthymic and irritable Temperaments have been detected respectively in 7.5%, 2.8% and 2.8% of patients. Patients with CT showed a significantly lower age at onset of MDD than “pure” MDD patients (31.9 vs. 40.9 years; p = 0.049) and higher rates of family history of bipolar disorder in first degree relatives (15.4% vs. 0%; p = 0.001). Limitations The major limitation of this study was the lack of a group of bipolar depressives, which would have been useful in order to confirm the similarities of age at onset and bipolar family history with cyclothymic MDD. Conclusions Our data confirm previous reports in a sample of accurately screened patients with unipolar major depression: we found that patients with a cyclothymic Temperament had an earlier age at onset and a higher family history for bipolar disorder than patients without any dominant affective Temperament. Further research is needed to ascertain whether patients with “unipolar” cyclothymic MDD respond to mood stabilizers.
Icro Maremmani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
opposed effects of hyperthymic and cyclothymic Temperament in substance use disorder heroin or alcohol dependent patients
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2017Co-Authors: Luca Rovai, Angelo Giovanni Icro Maremmani, Silvia Bacciardi, Icro Maremmani, Giulio Perugi, Denise Gazzarrini, Alessandro Pallucchini, Vincenza SperaAbstract:Abstract Introduction In the last decade, the comprehension of affective Temperaments has helped us to outline the boundaries of mood disorders, and to expand our knowledge of nosographic areas other than those of affectivity, even if affectivity is closely related to them. In the field of substance use disorders, the Temperamental profile of heroin addicts and alcoholics has been discussed elsewhere, but no comparison has yet been made between these two patient populations. Such a comparison would help to shed light on the pathogenetic mechanisms that link Temperament with substance abuse. Methods 63 Heroin Use Disorder (HUD) and 94 Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) patients were compared with 130 healthy controls, with the aim of outlining affective Temperament quantity and typology according to the formulation of Akiskal and Mallya. Results Cyclothymic Temperamental quantity differentiated - both at the univariate and multivariate levels - between patients who had various different types of Substance Use Disorder, largely irrespective of the principal substance of abuse (heroin or alcohol); irritable Temperament quantity differentiated HUD patients from AUD patients. Hyperthymic Temperament typology seemed to be more frequent in healthy controls at both univariate and multivariate levels. Limitation Cross-sectional study. Conclusions Our analyses suggest that cyclothymic Temperament quantity could best correspond to the Temperamental profile of Substance Use Disorder patients independently of principal substance of abuse (alcohol or heroin), and that irritable Temperament quantity may differentiate HUD from AUD patients. Hyperthymic Temperament typology seemed to be highly protective for HUD and, though a bit less, for AUD patients, and was a typical feature of healthy controls.
-
discriminant and convergent validity of temps a p correlation with occupational personality questionnaire opq32 during a stressful situation
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Luca Rovai, Angelo Giovanni Icro Maremmani, Kareen K Akiskal, Annalisa Leonardi, Silvia Bacciardi, Fabio Rugani, Liliana Dellosso, Hagop S Akiskal, Icro MaremmaniAbstract:Abstract Background The Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS) has, in its self and rater-wise evaluation form, been designed to evaluate Temperamental characteristics in clinical and non-clinical populations. Methods In this study we aim to extend the field of correlations of TEMPS to include the Occupational Personality Questionnaire, ipsative version (OPQ32i). These correlations, if present, could provide a partial contribute to the validation process of TEMPS, currently in progress in various countries. OPQ32 is a self-report personality questionnaire designed to give information on an individual's preferred behavior, as assessed in terms of a number of work-related characteristics. In 921 applicants, who were competing to become cadets in the Italian Navy, we assessed, during the entrance examination, the correlations between TEMPS-A[P] and OPQ32i. Results Depressive Temperament implies a low level of ability to relate to others; hyperthymic Temperament implies high levels of feelings and emotions, and the capability to relate to people; cyclothymic Temperament appears to be distinguished by creativity and a low level of relationships with others; irritable Temperament partly overlaps with cyclothymic Temperament, the main difference being the higher level of energy and the lower level of empathy of irritable subjects. Conclusions The four affective Temperaments, in our sample, proved to significantly differ in the work capacity features measured by OPQ32 factors. These observed correlations between the two tests partially contributes to the ongoing validation process of TEMPS-A[P]. From a personality standpoint this study further supports the hypothesis that Temperaments belong to the realm of normality rather than that of pathology, in line with their putative adaptive role.
-
discriminant and convergent validity of temps a p correlation with occupational personality questionnaire opq32 during a stressful situation
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2013Co-Authors: Luca Rovai, Angelo Giovanni Icro Maremmani, Kareen K Akiskal, Annalisa Leonardi, Silvia Bacciardi, Fabio Rugani, Liliana Dellosso, Hagop S Akiskal, Icro MaremmaniAbstract:Abstract Background The Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS) has, in its self and rater-wise evaluation form, been designed to evaluate Temperamental characteristics in clinical and non-clinical populations. Methods In this study we aim to extend the field of correlations of TEMPS to include the Occupational Personality Questionnaire, ipsative version (OPQ32i). These correlations, if present, could provide a partial contribute to the validation process of TEMPS, currently in progress in various countries. OPQ32 is a self-report personality questionnaire designed to give information on an individual's preferred behavior, as assessed in terms of a number of work-related characteristics. In 921 applicants, who were competing to become cadets in the Italian Navy, we assessed, during the entrance examination, the correlations between TEMPS-A[P] and OPQ32i. Results Depressive Temperament implies a low level of ability to relate to others; hyperthymic Temperament implies high levels of feelings and emotions, and the capability to relate to people; cyclothymic Temperament appears to be distinguished by creativity and a low level of relationships with others; irritable Temperament partly overlaps with cyclothymic Temperament, the main difference being the higher level of energy and the lower level of empathy of irritable subjects. Conclusions The four affective Temperaments, in our sample, proved to significantly differ in the work capacity features measured by OPQ32 factors. These observed correlations between the two tests partially contributes to the ongoing validation process of TEMPS-A[P]. From a personality standpoint this study further supports the hypothesis that Temperaments belong to the realm of normality rather than that of pathology, in line with their putative adaptive role.
-
the influence of affective Temperaments and psychopathological traits on the definition of bipolar disorder subtypes a study on bipolar i italian national sample
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2012Co-Authors: Giulio Perugi, Icro Maremmani, Cristina Toni, Giuseppe Tusini, S Ramacciotti, A Madia, Michele Fornaro, Hagop S AkiskalAbstract:Affective Temperament and psychopathological traits such as separation anxiety (SA) and interpersonal sensitivity (IPS) are supposed to impact on the clinical manifestation and on the course of Bipolar Disorder (BD); in the present study we investigated their influence on the definition of BD subtypes. Method: Among 106 BD-I patients with DSM-IV depressive, manic or mixed episode included in a multi-centric Italian study and treated according to the routine clinical practice, 89 (84.0%) were in remission after a follow-up period ranging from 3 to 6 months (Clinical Global Impression-BP [CGI-BP] < 2). Remitting patients underwent a comprehensive evaluation including self-report questionnaires such as the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A) scale, Separation Anxiety Symptom Inventory (SASI), Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure (IPSM) and the Semi-structured interview for Mood Disorder (SIMD-R) administered by experienced clinicians. Correlation and factorial analyses were conducted on Temperamental and psychopathological measures. Comparative analyses were conducted on different Temperamental subtypes based on the TEMPS-A, SASI and IPSM profile. Results: Depressive, cyclothymic and irritable TEMPS-A score and SASI and IPSM total scores were positively and statistically correlated with each other. On the contrary, hyperthymic Temperament score was negatively correlated with depressive Temperament and not significantly correlated with the other Temperamental and psychopathological dimensions. The factorial analysis of the TEMPS-A subscales and SASI and IPSM total scores allowed the extraction of 2 factors: the cyclothymic-sensitive (explaining 46% of the variance) that included, as positive components, depressive, cyclothymic, irritable Temperaments and SASI and IPSM scores; the hyperthymic (explaining the 19% of the variance) included hyperthymic Temperament as the only positive component and depressive Temperament and IPSM, as negative components. Dominant cyclothymic-sensitive patients (n = 49) were more frequently females and reported higher number of depressive, hypomanic and suicide attempts when compared to the dominant hyperthymic patients (n = 40). On the contrary, these latter showed a higher number of manic episodes and hospitalizations than cyclothymic-sensitive patients. The rates of first-degree family history for both mood and anxiety disorders were higher in cyclothymic-sensitive than in hyperthymic patients. Cyclothymic sensitive patients also reported more axis I lifetime co-morbidities with Panic Disorder/Agoraphobia and Social Anxiety Disorder in comparison with hyperthymics. As concerns axis II co-morbidity the cyclothymic-sensitive patients met more frequently DSM-IV criteria 1, 5 and 7 for borderline personality disorder than the hyperthymics. On the contrary, antisocial personality disorder was more represented among hyperthymic than cyclothymic patients, in particular for DSM-IV criteria 1 and 6. Limitation: No blind evaluation and uncertain validity of personality inventory. Conclusion: Our results support the view that affective Temperaments influence the clinical features of BD in terms of both clinical and course characteristics, family history and axis I and II co-morbidities. Hypothetical Temperamental subtypes as measured by TEMPS-A presented important interrelationships that permit to reliably isolate two fundamental Temperamental disposition: the first characterized by rapid fluctuations of mood and emotional instability, and the second by hyperactivity, high level of energy and emotional intensity. Dominant cyclothymic and hyperthymic bipolar I patients reported important differences in terms of gender distribution, number and polarity of previous episodes, hospitalizations, suicidality, rates of co-morbid anxiety and personality traits and disorders. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that affective Temperaments, and in particular cyclothymia, could be utilized as quantitative, intermediate phenotypes in order to identify BD susceptibility genes.
Maurizio Pompili - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
differential associations of affective Temperaments and diagnosis of major affective disorders with suicidal behavior
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2017Co-Authors: Ross J Baldessarini, Marco Innamorati, Denise Erbuto, Gianluca Serafini, Andrea Fiorillo, Mario Amore, Paolo Girardi, Maurizio PompiliAbstract:Abstract Background Affective Temperaments are associated with suicidal risk, but their predictive value relative to diagnosis of major affective disorder is uncertain. Methods We compared diagnoses, affective-Temperament ratings (TEMPS-A), and other potential risk factors in 956 psychiatric inpatients, using bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression modeling for associations with suicidal status. Results Lifetime suicide-attempt rates were high (43.9% overall), ranking by diagnosis: bipolar-II (58.4%), major depressive (50.0%), bipolar-I (44.6%), other (38.0%), and psychotic (33.9%) disorders. TEMPS-A scores for depressive ( dep ), cyclothymic ( cyc ), irritable ( irr ), and anxious ( anx ) Temperaments and their sum were strongly associated with suicidal risk; hyperthymic ( hyp ) Temperament scores were inversely associated; and a composite measure ( dep+cyc+irr+anx – hyp ), even more strongly associated. The composite score was highly, independently associated with suicidal behavior ( p p =0.0002), but older age and diagnosis of major affective disorder, much less (both p =0.02). Conclusions Measures of affective Temperament-types were independently and more strongly associated with lifetime suicide attempt than was diagnosis of a major affective disorder. However, in this hospitalized cohort, suicide rates were high across diagnoses, possibly limiting the predictive value of diagnosis.
-
extreme sensory processing patterns and their relation with clinical conditions among individuals with major affective disorders
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, 2016Co-Authors: Batya Engelyeger, Mario Amore, Maurizio Pompili, Caterina Muzio, Giorgio Rinosi, Paola Solano, Pierre Alexis Geoffroy, Gianluca SerafiniAbstract:Previous studies highlighted the involvement of sensory perception in emotional processes. However, the role of extreme sensory processing patterns expressed in hyper- or hyposensitivity was not thoroughly considered. The present study, in real life conditions, examined the unique sensory processing patterns of individuals with major affective disorders and their relationship with psychiatric symptomatology. The sample consisted of 105 participants with major affective conditions ranging in age from 20 to 84 years (mean=56.7±14.6). All participants completed the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A), the second version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP). Sensory sensitivity/avoiding hypersensitivity patterns and low registration (a hyposensitivity pattern) were prevalent among our sample as compared to normative data. About seventy percent of the sample showed lower seeking tendency. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that depression and anxious/cyclothymic affective Temperaments were predicted by sensory sensory/avoiding. Anxious and irritable affective Temperaments were predicted by low registration. Hyperthymic affective Temperament and lower severity of depression were predicted by sensation seeking. Hyposensitivity or hypersensitivity may be "trait" markers of individuals with major affective disorders. Interventions should refer to the individual unique sensory profiles and their behavioral and functional impact in the context of real life.
