The Experts below are selected from a list of 35832 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Giorgio Morelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
Plants, 2018Co-Authors: Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Giorgio Morelli, Ida RubertiAbstract:To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade Avoidance Response. Here, we describe recent progresses in the comprehension of the signaling mechanisms underlying the shade Avoidance Response, focusing on Arabidopsis, because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted on this model plant. Shade Avoidance is an adaptive Response that results in phenotypes with a high relative fitness in individual plants growing within dense vegetation. However, it affects the growth, development, and yield of crops, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade Avoidance at defined developmental stages and/or in specific organs in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade Avoidance Response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss their similarities and differences with Arabidopsis.
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Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
2018Co-Authors: Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Giorgio Morelli, Ida RubertiAbstract:Plants have evolved two opposing strategies in Response to competition for light: shade tolerance and shade Avoidance. To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade Avoidance Response. Here, we describe recent advances in the understanding of photoperception and downstream signaling mechanisms underlying the shade Avoidance Response, focusing on Arabidopsis because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted in this model plant. Shade Avoidance is an adaptive Response, resulting in phenotypes with high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, it contributes to reduction in crop plant productivity, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade Avoidance in a stage- and/or organ- specific manner in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade Avoidance Response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss similarity and differences with Arabidopsis.
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plant adaptation to dynamically changing environment the shade Avoidance Response
Biotechnology Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Ida Ruberti, Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Andrea Ciolfi, Giorgio MorelliAbstract:The success of competitive interactions between plants determines the chance of survival of individuals and eventually of whole plant species. Shade-tolerant plants have adapted their photosynthesis to function optimally under low-light conditions. These plants are therefore capable of long-term survival under a canopy shade. In contrast, shade-avoiding plants adapt their growth to perceive maximum sunlight and therefore rapidly dominate gaps in a canopy. Daylight contains roughly equal proportions of red and far-red light, but within vegetation that ratio is lowered as a result of red absorption by photosynthetic pigments. This light quality change is perceived through the phytochrome system as an unambiguous signal of the proximity of neighbors resulting in a suite of developmental Responses (termed the shade Avoidance Response) that, when successful, result in the overgrowth of those neighbors. Shoot elongation induced by low red/far-red light may confer high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, since elongation is often achieved at the expense of leaf and root growth, shade Avoidance may lead to reduction in crop plant productivity. Over the past decade, major progresses have been achieved in the understanding of the molecular basis of shade Avoidance. However, uncovering the mechanisms underpinning plant Response and adaptation to changes in the ratio of red to far-red light is key to design new strategies to precise modulate shade Avoidance in time and space without impairing the overall crop ability to compete for light.
David M Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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actin assembly and non muscle myosin activity drive dendrite retraction in an unc 6 netrin dependent self Avoidance Response
PLOS Genetics, 2019Co-Authors: Lakshmi Sundararajan, Cody J Smith, Joseph D Watson, Bryan A Millis, Matthew J Tyska, David M MillerAbstract:Dendrite growth is constrained by a self-Avoidance Response that induces retraction but the downstream pathways that balance these opposing mechanisms are unknown. We have proposed that the diffusible cue UNC-6(Netrin) is captured by UNC-40(DCC) for a short-range interaction with UNC-5 to trigger self-Avoidance in the C. elegans PVD neuron. Here we report that the actin-polymerizing proteins UNC-34(Ena/VASP), WSP-1(WASP), UNC-73(Trio), MIG-10(Lamellipodin) and the Arp2/3 complex effect dendrite retraction in the self-Avoidance Response mediated by UNC-6(Netrin). The paradoxical idea that actin polymerization results in shorter rather than longer dendrites is explained by our finding that NMY-1 (non-muscle myosin II) is necessary for retraction and could therefore mediate this effect in a contractile mechanism. Our results also show that dendrite length is determined by the antagonistic effects on the actin cytoskeleton of separate sets of effectors for retraction mediated by UNC-6(Netrin) versus outgrowth promoted by the DMA-1 receptor. Thus, our findings suggest that the dendrite length depends on an intrinsic mechanism that balances distinct modes of actin assembly for growth versus retraction.
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netrin unc 6 triggers actin assembly and non muscle myosin activity to drive dendrite retraction in the self Avoidance Response
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Lakshmi Sundararajan, Cody J Smith, Joseph D Watson, Bryan A Millis, Matthew J Tyska, David M MillerAbstract:SUMMARY Dendrite growth is constrained by the self-Avoidance Response but the downstream pathways that balance these opposing mechanisms are unknown. We have proposed that the diffusible cue UNC-6(Netrin) is captured by UNC-40 (DCC) for a short-range interaction with UNC-5 to trigger self-Avoidance in the C. elegans PVD neuron. Here we report that the actin-polymerizing proteins UNC-34(Ena/VASP), WSP-1(WASP), UNC-73(Trio), MIG-10(Lamellipodin) and the Arp2/3 complex effect dendrite retraction in the self-Avoidance Response mediated by UNC-6(Netrin). The paradoxical idea that actin polymerization results in shorter rather than longer dendrites is explained by our finding that NMY-1 (non-muscle myosin II) is necessary for retraction and could therefore mediate this effect in a contractile mechanism. Our results also show that dendrite length is determined by the antagonistic effects on the actin cytoskeleton of separate sets of effectors for retraction mediated by UNC-6(Netrin) versus outgrowth promoted by the DMA-1 receptor. Thus, our findings suggest that the dendrite length depends on an intrinsic mechanism that balances distinct modes of actin assembly for growth versus retraction.
Ida Ruberti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
Plants, 2018Co-Authors: Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Giorgio Morelli, Ida RubertiAbstract:To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade Avoidance Response. Here, we describe recent progresses in the comprehension of the signaling mechanisms underlying the shade Avoidance Response, focusing on Arabidopsis, because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted on this model plant. Shade Avoidance is an adaptive Response that results in phenotypes with a high relative fitness in individual plants growing within dense vegetation. However, it affects the growth, development, and yield of crops, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade Avoidance at defined developmental stages and/or in specific organs in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade Avoidance Response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss their similarities and differences with Arabidopsis.
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Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
2018Co-Authors: Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Giorgio Morelli, Ida RubertiAbstract:Plants have evolved two opposing strategies in Response to competition for light: shade tolerance and shade Avoidance. To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade Avoidance Response. Here, we describe recent advances in the understanding of photoperception and downstream signaling mechanisms underlying the shade Avoidance Response, focusing on Arabidopsis because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted in this model plant. Shade Avoidance is an adaptive Response, resulting in phenotypes with high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, it contributes to reduction in crop plant productivity, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade Avoidance in a stage- and/or organ- specific manner in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade Avoidance Response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss similarity and differences with Arabidopsis.
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plant adaptation to dynamically changing environment the shade Avoidance Response
Biotechnology Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Ida Ruberti, Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Andrea Ciolfi, Giorgio MorelliAbstract:The success of competitive interactions between plants determines the chance of survival of individuals and eventually of whole plant species. Shade-tolerant plants have adapted their photosynthesis to function optimally under low-light conditions. These plants are therefore capable of long-term survival under a canopy shade. In contrast, shade-avoiding plants adapt their growth to perceive maximum sunlight and therefore rapidly dominate gaps in a canopy. Daylight contains roughly equal proportions of red and far-red light, but within vegetation that ratio is lowered as a result of red absorption by photosynthetic pigments. This light quality change is perceived through the phytochrome system as an unambiguous signal of the proximity of neighbors resulting in a suite of developmental Responses (termed the shade Avoidance Response) that, when successful, result in the overgrowth of those neighbors. Shoot elongation induced by low red/far-red light may confer high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, since elongation is often achieved at the expense of leaf and root growth, shade Avoidance may lead to reduction in crop plant productivity. Over the past decade, major progresses have been achieved in the understanding of the molecular basis of shade Avoidance. However, uncovering the mechanisms underpinning plant Response and adaptation to changes in the ratio of red to far-red light is key to design new strategies to precise modulate shade Avoidance in time and space without impairing the overall crop ability to compete for light.
Giovanna Sessa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
Plants, 2018Co-Authors: Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Giorgio Morelli, Ida RubertiAbstract:To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade Avoidance Response. Here, we describe recent progresses in the comprehension of the signaling mechanisms underlying the shade Avoidance Response, focusing on Arabidopsis, because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted on this model plant. Shade Avoidance is an adaptive Response that results in phenotypes with a high relative fitness in individual plants growing within dense vegetation. However, it affects the growth, development, and yield of crops, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade Avoidance at defined developmental stages and/or in specific organs in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade Avoidance Response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss their similarities and differences with Arabidopsis.
-
Multiple Pathways in the Control of the Shade Avoidance Response
2018Co-Authors: Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Giorgio Morelli, Ida RubertiAbstract:Plants have evolved two opposing strategies in Response to competition for light: shade tolerance and shade Avoidance. To detect the presence of neighboring vegetation, shade-avoiding plants have evolved the ability to perceive and integrate multiple signals. Among them, changes in light quality and quantity are central to elicit and regulate the shade Avoidance Response. Here, we describe recent advances in the understanding of photoperception and downstream signaling mechanisms underlying the shade Avoidance Response, focusing on Arabidopsis because most of our knowledge derives from studies conducted in this model plant. Shade Avoidance is an adaptive Response, resulting in phenotypes with high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, it contributes to reduction in crop plant productivity, and the design of new strategies aimed at attenuating shade Avoidance in a stage- and/or organ- specific manner in high-density crop plantings is a major challenge for the future. For this reason, in this review, we also report on recent advances in the molecular description of the shade Avoidance Response in crops, such as maize and tomato, and discuss similarity and differences with Arabidopsis.
-
plant adaptation to dynamically changing environment the shade Avoidance Response
Biotechnology Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Ida Ruberti, Giovanna Sessa, Monica Carabelli, Marco Possenti, Andrea Ciolfi, Giorgio MorelliAbstract:The success of competitive interactions between plants determines the chance of survival of individuals and eventually of whole plant species. Shade-tolerant plants have adapted their photosynthesis to function optimally under low-light conditions. These plants are therefore capable of long-term survival under a canopy shade. In contrast, shade-avoiding plants adapt their growth to perceive maximum sunlight and therefore rapidly dominate gaps in a canopy. Daylight contains roughly equal proportions of red and far-red light, but within vegetation that ratio is lowered as a result of red absorption by photosynthetic pigments. This light quality change is perceived through the phytochrome system as an unambiguous signal of the proximity of neighbors resulting in a suite of developmental Responses (termed the shade Avoidance Response) that, when successful, result in the overgrowth of those neighbors. Shoot elongation induced by low red/far-red light may confer high relative fitness in natural dense communities. However, since elongation is often achieved at the expense of leaf and root growth, shade Avoidance may lead to reduction in crop plant productivity. Over the past decade, major progresses have been achieved in the understanding of the molecular basis of shade Avoidance. However, uncovering the mechanisms underpinning plant Response and adaptation to changes in the ratio of red to far-red light is key to design new strategies to precise modulate shade Avoidance in time and space without impairing the overall crop ability to compete for light.
Lakshmi Sundararajan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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actin assembly and non muscle myosin activity drive dendrite retraction in an unc 6 netrin dependent self Avoidance Response
PLOS Genetics, 2019Co-Authors: Lakshmi Sundararajan, Cody J Smith, Joseph D Watson, Bryan A Millis, Matthew J Tyska, David M MillerAbstract:Dendrite growth is constrained by a self-Avoidance Response that induces retraction but the downstream pathways that balance these opposing mechanisms are unknown. We have proposed that the diffusible cue UNC-6(Netrin) is captured by UNC-40(DCC) for a short-range interaction with UNC-5 to trigger self-Avoidance in the C. elegans PVD neuron. Here we report that the actin-polymerizing proteins UNC-34(Ena/VASP), WSP-1(WASP), UNC-73(Trio), MIG-10(Lamellipodin) and the Arp2/3 complex effect dendrite retraction in the self-Avoidance Response mediated by UNC-6(Netrin). The paradoxical idea that actin polymerization results in shorter rather than longer dendrites is explained by our finding that NMY-1 (non-muscle myosin II) is necessary for retraction and could therefore mediate this effect in a contractile mechanism. Our results also show that dendrite length is determined by the antagonistic effects on the actin cytoskeleton of separate sets of effectors for retraction mediated by UNC-6(Netrin) versus outgrowth promoted by the DMA-1 receptor. Thus, our findings suggest that the dendrite length depends on an intrinsic mechanism that balances distinct modes of actin assembly for growth versus retraction.
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netrin unc 6 triggers actin assembly and non muscle myosin activity to drive dendrite retraction in the self Avoidance Response
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Lakshmi Sundararajan, Cody J Smith, Joseph D Watson, Bryan A Millis, Matthew J Tyska, David M MillerAbstract:SUMMARY Dendrite growth is constrained by the self-Avoidance Response but the downstream pathways that balance these opposing mechanisms are unknown. We have proposed that the diffusible cue UNC-6(Netrin) is captured by UNC-40 (DCC) for a short-range interaction with UNC-5 to trigger self-Avoidance in the C. elegans PVD neuron. Here we report that the actin-polymerizing proteins UNC-34(Ena/VASP), WSP-1(WASP), UNC-73(Trio), MIG-10(Lamellipodin) and the Arp2/3 complex effect dendrite retraction in the self-Avoidance Response mediated by UNC-6(Netrin). The paradoxical idea that actin polymerization results in shorter rather than longer dendrites is explained by our finding that NMY-1 (non-muscle myosin II) is necessary for retraction and could therefore mediate this effect in a contractile mechanism. Our results also show that dendrite length is determined by the antagonistic effects on the actin cytoskeleton of separate sets of effectors for retraction mediated by UNC-6(Netrin) versus outgrowth promoted by the DMA-1 receptor. Thus, our findings suggest that the dendrite length depends on an intrinsic mechanism that balances distinct modes of actin assembly for growth versus retraction.
