B Lymphocyte Differentiation

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Keith James - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enhancement of terminal B Lymphocyte Differentiation in vitro By fiBroBlast like stromal cells from human spleen
    European Journal of Immunology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Grzegorz Skibinski, A. Skibinska, Grant D. Stewart, Keith James
    Abstract:

    Stromal elements are major components of lymphoid tissues contriButing to Both tissue architecture and function. In this study we report on the phenotype and function of fiBroBlast-like stromal cells oBtained from human spleen. These cells express high levels of CD44 and ICAM-1 and moderate levels of VLA-4, VCAM, CD40 and CD21. They fail to express endothelial, epithelial, Lymphocyte and monocyte/macrophage markers. We show that these cells interact with B cell Blasts induced in vitro By anti-CD40 and anti- stimulation. As a result of these interactions Both IL-6 and IgG secretion into culture medium is increased. The enhanced secretion of IgG is partly inhiBited By aBolishing B cell Blaststromal cell contact or By anti-IL-6, anti-VCAM or anti-CD49d antiBodies. Our studies also suggest that the aBility of stromal cells to promote B cell survival is most likely the underlying mechanism of the enhanced immunogloBulin secretion. Comparison of stromal cells from different lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs revealed that Bone marrow- and spleenderived stromal cells are the most effective in promoting B cell Blast Differentiation.

  • Enhancement of terminal B Lymphocyte Differentiation in vitro By fiBroBlast‐like stromal cells from human spleen
    European journal of immunology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Grzegorz Skibinski, A. Skibinska, Grant D. Stewart, Keith James
    Abstract:

    Stromal elements are major components of lymphoid tissues contriButing to Both tissue architecture and function. In this study we report on the phenotype and function of fiBroBlast-like stromal cells oBtained from human spleen. These cells express high levels of CD44 and ICAM-1 and moderate levels of VLA-4, VCAM, CD40 and CD21. They fail to express endothelial, epithelial, Lymphocyte and monocyte/macrophage markers. We show that these cells interact with B cell Blasts induced in vitro By anti-CD40 and anti- stimulation. As a result of these interactions Both IL-6 and IgG secretion into culture medium is increased. The enhanced secretion of IgG is partly inhiBited By aBolishing B cell Blaststromal cell contact or By anti-IL-6, anti-VCAM or anti-CD49d antiBodies. Our studies also suggest that the aBility of stromal cells to promote B cell survival is most likely the underlying mechanism of the enhanced immunogloBulin secretion. Comparison of stromal cells from different lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs revealed that Bone marrow- and spleenderived stromal cells are the most effective in promoting B cell Blast Differentiation.

John R. Ciallella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A role for calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) in the regulation of early B Lymphocyte Differentiation
    Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Joseph P. Mcgillis, Vidya Rangnekar, John R. Ciallella
    Abstract:

    Dans des etudes anterieures, nous avons identifie des recepteurs lies a l'adenylyl cyclase de haute affinite pour le peptide lie au gene de la calcitonine (CGRP), sur les cellules T et B de rats, sur des lignees cellulaires lymphocytaires incluant la lignee cellulaire pre-B 70Z/3 de souris et sur des cellules de moelle osseuse de souris. On a examine l'effet du CGRP sur la differenciation cellulaire B precoce en utilisant la lignee de cellules 70Z/3. Le CGRP inhiBe l'induction par le lipopolysaccharide (LPS) de l'expression proteique des immunogloBulines de surface (Igs) dans les cellules 70Z/3, un effet qui est associe a une diminution des taux a l'equiliBre de l'ARNm des chaines legeres (x) et des chaines lourdes (μ) d'Ig. Ce compte rendu decrit des experiences qui permettent de mieux comprendre le mecanisme par lequel le CGRP inhiBe l'expression des Igs. On a examine la cinetique de l'inhiBition de l'expression des Igs nduite par le LPS dans les cellules 70Z/3. L'effet inhiBiteur du CGRP sur l'induction des Igs est optimal 24 h apres le traitement des cellules au LPS. Pour determiner si les effets inhiBiteurs du CGRP sur l'expression des Igs sont vehicules par une inhiBition de la translocation NFx-B vers le noyau, on a effectue des essais de deplacement de moBilite electrophoretique en utilisant des proteines nucleaires provenant des cellules 70Z/3. Il n'y a eu aucune difference dans l'activite de fixation de NFx-B dans les cellules traitees avec LPS ou LPS + CGRP, ce qui suggere que l'effet inhiBiteur du CGRP ne resulte pas d'une inhiBition de l'activite de NFx-B. Ces etudes fournissent d'autres arguments qui indiquent que le CGRP joue un role inhiBiteur dans la differenciation cellulaire B precoce. Enfin, on propose un modele dans lequel le CGRP participe a la regulation homeostatique de la differenciation cellulaire B precoce.

  • Modulation of B Lymphocyte Differentiation By Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP)
    Cellular immunology, 1993
    Co-Authors: Joseph P. Mcgillis, S. Humphreys, Vidya Rangnekar, John R. Ciallella
    Abstract:

    The presence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in nerve endings in lymphoid organs, around Blood vessels, and in Bone marrow suggests that it might influence the function and Differentiation of lymphoid cells. Previous studies identified specific CGRP receptors on mature T and B Lymphocytes and on 70Z/3 pre-B cells. In these studies, it was found that CGRP stimulated a rapid, prolonged elevation of cAMP with in 70Z/3 cells with an ED50 of approximately 20 fM. Following CGRP treatment, cAMP levels peaked within 5 min and were still elevated after 60 min. The effect of CGRP on surface immunogloBulin (sIg) expression was examined By treating 70Z/3 cells with CGRP, or comBinations of CGRP and LPS, and then measuring sIg expression By FACS. When 70Z/3 cells were treated with LPS, CGRP, or calcitonin for 48 hr, only LPS induced the expression of sIg, increasing the percentage of cells expressing sIg from less than 10% positive in untreated cells to 80-98% positive. SuBsequent experiments examined the effect of CGRP on LPS-induced sIg. CGRP inhiBited LPS-induced sIg expression at concentrations ranging from 10(-15) to 10(-7) M. The maximal inhiBition was oBserved at CGRP concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-8) M, and the maximal reduction of sIg expression was aBout 40%. The inhiBitory effect of CGRP was specific in that it could not Be mimicked By calcitonin and could Be Blocked By the CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP8-37. A similar dose-dependent inhiBitory effect on LPS induction was oBserved in 70Z/3 cells treated with LPS and diButyryl cAMP, suggesting that the inhiBitory effect of CGRP on sIg expression is mediated By stimulation of intracellular cAMP. The inhiBitory effect of CGRP on LPS induction of sIg appears to Be mediated By a reduction in the expression of Both mu and kappa mRNA. When mu and kappa expression were examined By Northern Blot analysis, it was found that CGRP caused a 50% reduction in the amount of mu and kappa mRNA induced By LPS. The aBility of CGRP to inhiBit Differentiation of 70Z/3 cells and sIg expression provides evidence that CGRP can influence the Differentiation of lymphopoietic precursors.

Ignacio Moreno De Alborán - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Role of the Proto-Oncogene c-myc in B Lymphocyte Differentiation
    Critical reviews in immunology, 2012
    Co-Authors: David Fernandez, Victor Javier Sanchez-arevalo, Ignacio Moreno De Alborán
    Abstract:

    Since the discovery of the myc gene, few genes are likely to have such influence on Biomedical research. The diversity of the Biological functions regulated By this transcription factor and its impact in human health have attracted investigators from many different fields. The development of conditional knockout mouse models has allowed for the characterization of Myc-driven molecular mechanisms in primary cells in physi- ological and pathological conditions. In this review, we discuss some of the main functions and recent findings regarding c-Myc in in vivo B Lymphocyte Differentiation from early progenitors to terminally differentiated cells.

  • Myc stimulates B Lymphocyte Differentiation and amplifies calcium signaling
    The Journal of cell biology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Tania Habib, Ignacio Moreno De Alborán, Heon Park, Mark Tsang, Andrea Nicks, Leslie Wilson, Paul S. Knoepfler, Sarah F. Andrews, David J. Rawlings, Robert N. Eisenman
    Abstract:

    Deregulated expression of the Myc family of transcription factors (c-, N-, and L-myc) contriButes to the development of many cancers By a mechanism Believed to involve the stimulation of cell proliferation and inhiBition of Differentiation. However, using B cell–specific c-/N-myc douBle-knockout mice and Eμ-myc transgenic mice Bred onto genetic Backgrounds (recomBinase-activating gene 2−/− and Btk−/− Tec−/−) whereBy B cell development is arrested, we show that Myc is necessary to stimulate Both proliferation and Differentiation in primary B cells. Moreover, Myc expression results in sustained increases in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), which is required for Myc to stimulate B cell proliferation and Differentiation. The increase in [Ca2+]i correlates with constitutive nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) nuclear translocation, reduced Ca2+ efflux, and decreased expression of the plasma memBrane Ca2+–adenosine triphosphatase (PMCA) efflux pump. Our findings demonstrate a revised model whereBy Myc promotes Both proliferation and Differentiation, in part By a remarkaBle mechanism whereBy Myc amplifies Ca2+ signals, thereBy enaBling the concurrent expression of Myc- and Ca2+-regulated target genes.

Grzegorz Skibinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enhancement of terminal B Lymphocyte Differentiation in vitro By fiBroBlast like stromal cells from human spleen
    European Journal of Immunology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Grzegorz Skibinski, A. Skibinska, Grant D. Stewart, Keith James
    Abstract:

    Stromal elements are major components of lymphoid tissues contriButing to Both tissue architecture and function. In this study we report on the phenotype and function of fiBroBlast-like stromal cells oBtained from human spleen. These cells express high levels of CD44 and ICAM-1 and moderate levels of VLA-4, VCAM, CD40 and CD21. They fail to express endothelial, epithelial, Lymphocyte and monocyte/macrophage markers. We show that these cells interact with B cell Blasts induced in vitro By anti-CD40 and anti- stimulation. As a result of these interactions Both IL-6 and IgG secretion into culture medium is increased. The enhanced secretion of IgG is partly inhiBited By aBolishing B cell Blaststromal cell contact or By anti-IL-6, anti-VCAM or anti-CD49d antiBodies. Our studies also suggest that the aBility of stromal cells to promote B cell survival is most likely the underlying mechanism of the enhanced immunogloBulin secretion. Comparison of stromal cells from different lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs revealed that Bone marrow- and spleenderived stromal cells are the most effective in promoting B cell Blast Differentiation.

  • Enhancement of terminal B Lymphocyte Differentiation in vitro By fiBroBlast‐like stromal cells from human spleen
    European journal of immunology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Grzegorz Skibinski, A. Skibinska, Grant D. Stewart, Keith James
    Abstract:

    Stromal elements are major components of lymphoid tissues contriButing to Both tissue architecture and function. In this study we report on the phenotype and function of fiBroBlast-like stromal cells oBtained from human spleen. These cells express high levels of CD44 and ICAM-1 and moderate levels of VLA-4, VCAM, CD40 and CD21. They fail to express endothelial, epithelial, Lymphocyte and monocyte/macrophage markers. We show that these cells interact with B cell Blasts induced in vitro By anti-CD40 and anti- stimulation. As a result of these interactions Both IL-6 and IgG secretion into culture medium is increased. The enhanced secretion of IgG is partly inhiBited By aBolishing B cell Blaststromal cell contact or By anti-IL-6, anti-VCAM or anti-CD49d antiBodies. Our studies also suggest that the aBility of stromal cells to promote B cell survival is most likely the underlying mechanism of the enhanced immunogloBulin secretion. Comparison of stromal cells from different lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs revealed that Bone marrow- and spleenderived stromal cells are the most effective in promoting B cell Blast Differentiation.

Rosenberg N - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ABl-mediated transformation, immunogloBulin gene rearrangements and arrest of B Lymphocyte Differentiation.
    Seminars in cancer biology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Rosenberg N
    Abstract:

    The aBl oncogene was originally discovered in ABelson virus, a murine retrovirus. This virus and the protein tyrosine kinase encoded By aBl are well known for their aBility to transform B Lymphocyte progenitors. Most of the transformed cells resemBle a normal B lineage progenitor called a pre-B cell and appear to Be arrested in Differentiation at the stage of immunogloBulin light chain gene rearrangement. Recent evidence oBtained using temperature-sensitive ABelson virus mutants provides direct support for this idea. Lymphoid cells transformed By one such virus undergo light chain rearrangement soon after shift to the nonpermissive temperature. This event is accompanied By several changes classically associated with light chain gene rearrangement including increased activity of the NF-kappa B transcription factor, expression of light chain RNAs and increased levels of expression of the RAG-1 and RAG-2 genes. Although the mechanism By which aBl protein Blocks the activity of these factors is not yet known, these data suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation may Be intimately connected to regulation of early B cell development and expression of genes that are central to all phases of antigen receptor gene rearrangement.