The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Timothy R Kelley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bacterial Concentration reduction in swine waste amended livestock feed using a single screw dry extrusion process
Bioresource Technology, 2000Co-Authors: Timothy R Kelley, Paul WalkerAbstract:A study was conducted to determine the eAciency of a dry-extrusion process to reduce or eliminate Bacterial contamination of swine waste amended livestock feed. Separated swine waste solids were mixed with ground corn and soybean hulls and dry-extruded at temperatures of 110‐135∞C for no more than 30 s to produce animal feed. Swine waste, pre- and post-extrusion livestock feed, and commercial swine feed samples were collected aseptically and analysed for total coliform, Escherichia coli, fecal coliform, heterotrophic, and non-specific anaerobic/facultative bacteria using standard culturing techniques. Selected pre-extrusion feed samples were inoculated with liquid cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus to test eAciency of the dry-extrusion process to eliminate heatresistant spore-forming bacteria. Bacterial Concentrations recovered from post-extrusion livestock feed were significantly reduced from other sample types analysed. Based on these data, it is apparent that a single-screw, dry-extrusion process can consistently disinfect animal feed. However, careful monitoring of the extrusion process may be necessary for consistent sterilization. ” 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Bacterial Concentration reduction of food waste amended animal feed using a single screw dry extrusion process
Bioresource Technology, 1999Co-Authors: Timothy R Kelley, Paul WalkeAbstract:Abstract Institutional food waste was collected, pulped, mixed with ground corn and soybean hulls and dry-extruded at temperatures of 110–135°C for no more than 30 s to produce animal feed. Raw food waste, pre- and post-extrusion animal feed, and commercial swine feed samples were collected aseptically and analyzed for total and fecal coliform, Enterococci, Staphylococci, heterotrophic, and non-specific anaerobic/facultative bacteria using standard culturing techniques. Bacterial Concentrations recovered from post-extrusion animal feed were substantially reduced from all other sample types. Survival of heterotrophic and non-specific anaerobic/facultative bacteria in some post-extrusion samples indicated that extrusion techniques used in this study did not consistently sterilize animal feed. Results suggested that a single-screw, dry-extrusion process can reduce Concentrations of potentially pathogenic bacteria, but that modification of extrusion techniques used in this study may be necessary for consistent optimal reduction of Bacterial Concentrations in food waste-amended animal feed.
Paul Walker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bacterial Concentration reduction in swine waste amended livestock feed using a single screw dry extrusion process
Bioresource Technology, 2000Co-Authors: Timothy R Kelley, Paul WalkerAbstract:A study was conducted to determine the eAciency of a dry-extrusion process to reduce or eliminate Bacterial contamination of swine waste amended livestock feed. Separated swine waste solids were mixed with ground corn and soybean hulls and dry-extruded at temperatures of 110‐135∞C for no more than 30 s to produce animal feed. Swine waste, pre- and post-extrusion livestock feed, and commercial swine feed samples were collected aseptically and analysed for total coliform, Escherichia coli, fecal coliform, heterotrophic, and non-specific anaerobic/facultative bacteria using standard culturing techniques. Selected pre-extrusion feed samples were inoculated with liquid cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus to test eAciency of the dry-extrusion process to eliminate heatresistant spore-forming bacteria. Bacterial Concentrations recovered from post-extrusion livestock feed were significantly reduced from other sample types analysed. Based on these data, it is apparent that a single-screw, dry-extrusion process can consistently disinfect animal feed. However, careful monitoring of the extrusion process may be necessary for consistent sterilization. ” 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Paul Walke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bacterial Concentration reduction of food waste amended animal feed using a single screw dry extrusion process
Bioresource Technology, 1999Co-Authors: Timothy R Kelley, Paul WalkeAbstract:Abstract Institutional food waste was collected, pulped, mixed with ground corn and soybean hulls and dry-extruded at temperatures of 110–135°C for no more than 30 s to produce animal feed. Raw food waste, pre- and post-extrusion animal feed, and commercial swine feed samples were collected aseptically and analyzed for total and fecal coliform, Enterococci, Staphylococci, heterotrophic, and non-specific anaerobic/facultative bacteria using standard culturing techniques. Bacterial Concentrations recovered from post-extrusion animal feed were substantially reduced from all other sample types. Survival of heterotrophic and non-specific anaerobic/facultative bacteria in some post-extrusion samples indicated that extrusion techniques used in this study did not consistently sterilize animal feed. Results suggested that a single-screw, dry-extrusion process can reduce Concentrations of potentially pathogenic bacteria, but that modification of extrusion techniques used in this study may be necessary for consistent optimal reduction of Bacterial Concentrations in food waste-amended animal feed.
Bruno Riccò - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Measurement of Bacterial Concentration Using a Portable Sensor System With a Combined Electrical-Optical Approach
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2019Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Carola Parolin, Beatrice Vitali, Bruno RiccòAbstract:Bacterial Concentration, an important parameter for different applications, is usually measured by means of the plate count technique (PCT), a laboratory method that is reliable but also time consuming (24-72 h) and not easily implementable in automatic form. This paper investigates two alternative methods, based on electrical and optical measurements, suitable to realize mobile, low-cost and user friendly instruments. A comparative analysis for both methods is performed with enriching medium solutions and milk samples inoculated with four different Bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus).The results show that both methods can detect the Bacterial Concentration more easily and in shorter time than PCT (3-14 h) and, in many cases, the optical approach provides a faster response than the electrical one (30 - 240 min) and higher accuracy ($\text{R}^{2} >0.9$ ). Furthermore, it is found that, in some cases, the combined use of optical and electrical measurements allows to determine the type of Bacterial species present in the sample. Both such methods have been implemented in the form of a portable and automatic sensor system, suitable for in-situ measurements with no need of trained personnel.
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a portable sensor system for Bacterial Concentration monitoring in metalworking fluids
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems, 2018Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Carola Parolin, Beatrice Vitali, Bruno RiccòAbstract:The detection of Bacterial Concentrations in metalworking fluids (MWFs), oil-in-water emulsions used in the cutting industries for cooling and lubrication, is important in order to extend the product life-cycle and plan its disposal according to regulations and legislations. The standard method of measuring culturable Bacterial Concentration is the plate count technique (PCT) that, however, has long response times and is not suitable for automatic implementation outside a laboratory. In this paper a portable sensor system that measures the Bacterial Concentration in liquid and semi-liquid media exploiting impedance microbiology is presented and tested for the application of MWF microbial monitoring. A set of MWF samples, taken from metalworking plants, have been tested and good agreement has been found between the system response and that of the PCT. The proposed system allows automated Bacterial Concentration measurements with shorter response times than the PCT (4 to 24 h vs. 24 to 72 h) and is suitable for in-the-field MWF monitoring.
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Bacterial Concentration detection using a portable embedded sensor system for environmental monitoring
2017Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Bruno Riccò, Carola Parolin, Beatrice VitaliAbstract:The detection of Bacterial Concentration is important in different fields since high microbial contamination or the presence of particular pathogens can seriously endanger human health. The reference technique to measure Bacterial Concentration is Standard Plate Count (SPC) that, however, has long response times (24 to 72 hours) and is not suitable for automatic implementation. This paper presents a portable embedded system for Bacterial Concentration measurement based on Impedance Microbiology that is suitable for in-situ measurements and does not require trained personnel. The system has been tested with samples inoculated with different Concentrations of Escherichia coli and its response correlates very well (R 2 = 0.9185) with results from SPC.
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a portable biosensor system for Bacterial Concentration measurements in cow s raw milk
IEEE International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces, 2011Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Massimo Lanzoni, Anna Pompei, Roberto Lazzarini, Diego Matteuzzi, Bruno RiccòAbstract:Bacterial detection is of primary importance in many fields, such as food and environmental monitoring. Measurements of Bacterial Concentration are traditionally carried out by means of the Standard Plate Count technique, a reliable method for microbial screening that, however, features long response time and is carried out by qualified personnel in microbiology laboratories. The impedance technique for Bacterial Concentration detection represents a method very competitive with Standard Plate Count in terms of response time (3–12 hours vs. 24–72 hours) as well as for the possibility to be realized in automatic form. This paper presents an embedded portable biosensor system for the measurement of Bacterial Concentration in cow's raw milk. The possibility to perform measurements “on the field”, hence without the need to ship samples to distant laboratories, and to transmit the data on wireless communication systems or on the Internet represents a substantial advantage in terms of time and cost, thus making the presented system an important tool for in-situ Bacterial screening.
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An embedded portable biosensor system for Bacterial Concentration detection
Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2010Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Massimo Lanzoni, Anna Pompei, Roberto Lazzarini, Diego Matteuzzi, Bruno RiccòAbstract:Microbial screening is a primary concern for many products. Traditional techniques based on standard plate count (SPC) are accurate, but time consuming. Furthermore, they require a laboratory environment and qualified personnel. The impedance technique (IT) looking for changes in the electrical characteristics of the sample under test (SUT) induced by Bacterial metabolism represents an interesting alternative to SPC since it is faster (3–12 h vs. 24–72 h for SPC) and can be easily implemented in automatic form. With this approach, the essential parameter is the time for bacteria Concentration to reach a critical threshold value (about 107 cfu mL−1) capable of inducing significant variations in the SUT impedance, measured by applying a 100 mV peak-to-peak 200 Hz sinusoidal test signal at time intervals of 5 min. The results of this work show good correlation between data obtained with the SPC approach and with impedance measurements lasting only 3 h, in the case of highly contaminated samples (106 cfu mL−1). Furthermore, this work introduces a portable system for impedance measurements composed of an incubation chamber containing the SUT, a thermoregulation board to control the target temperature and an impedance measurement board. The mix of cheap electronics and fast detection time provides a useful tool for microbial screening in industrial and commercial environments.
Marco Grossi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Measurement of Bacterial Concentration Using a Portable Sensor System With a Combined Electrical-Optical Approach
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2019Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Carola Parolin, Beatrice Vitali, Bruno RiccòAbstract:Bacterial Concentration, an important parameter for different applications, is usually measured by means of the plate count technique (PCT), a laboratory method that is reliable but also time consuming (24-72 h) and not easily implementable in automatic form. This paper investigates two alternative methods, based on electrical and optical measurements, suitable to realize mobile, low-cost and user friendly instruments. A comparative analysis for both methods is performed with enriching medium solutions and milk samples inoculated with four different Bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus).The results show that both methods can detect the Bacterial Concentration more easily and in shorter time than PCT (3-14 h) and, in many cases, the optical approach provides a faster response than the electrical one (30 - 240 min) and higher accuracy ($\text{R}^{2} >0.9$ ). Furthermore, it is found that, in some cases, the combined use of optical and electrical measurements allows to determine the type of Bacterial species present in the sample. Both such methods have been implemented in the form of a portable and automatic sensor system, suitable for in-situ measurements with no need of trained personnel.
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a portable sensor system for Bacterial Concentration monitoring in metalworking fluids
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems, 2018Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Carola Parolin, Beatrice Vitali, Bruno RiccòAbstract:The detection of Bacterial Concentrations in metalworking fluids (MWFs), oil-in-water emulsions used in the cutting industries for cooling and lubrication, is important in order to extend the product life-cycle and plan its disposal according to regulations and legislations. The standard method of measuring culturable Bacterial Concentration is the plate count technique (PCT) that, however, has long response times and is not suitable for automatic implementation outside a laboratory. In this paper a portable sensor system that measures the Bacterial Concentration in liquid and semi-liquid media exploiting impedance microbiology is presented and tested for the application of MWF microbial monitoring. A set of MWF samples, taken from metalworking plants, have been tested and good agreement has been found between the system response and that of the PCT. The proposed system allows automated Bacterial Concentration measurements with shorter response times than the PCT (4 to 24 h vs. 24 to 72 h) and is suitable for in-the-field MWF monitoring.
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Bacterial Concentration detection using a portable embedded sensor system for environmental monitoring
2017Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Bruno Riccò, Carola Parolin, Beatrice VitaliAbstract:The detection of Bacterial Concentration is important in different fields since high microbial contamination or the presence of particular pathogens can seriously endanger human health. The reference technique to measure Bacterial Concentration is Standard Plate Count (SPC) that, however, has long response times (24 to 72 hours) and is not suitable for automatic implementation. This paper presents a portable embedded system for Bacterial Concentration measurement based on Impedance Microbiology that is suitable for in-situ measurements and does not require trained personnel. The system has been tested with samples inoculated with different Concentrations of Escherichia coli and its response correlates very well (R 2 = 0.9185) with results from SPC.
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a portable biosensor system for Bacterial Concentration measurements in cow s raw milk
IEEE International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interfaces, 2011Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Massimo Lanzoni, Anna Pompei, Roberto Lazzarini, Diego Matteuzzi, Bruno RiccòAbstract:Bacterial detection is of primary importance in many fields, such as food and environmental monitoring. Measurements of Bacterial Concentration are traditionally carried out by means of the Standard Plate Count technique, a reliable method for microbial screening that, however, features long response time and is carried out by qualified personnel in microbiology laboratories. The impedance technique for Bacterial Concentration detection represents a method very competitive with Standard Plate Count in terms of response time (3–12 hours vs. 24–72 hours) as well as for the possibility to be realized in automatic form. This paper presents an embedded portable biosensor system for the measurement of Bacterial Concentration in cow's raw milk. The possibility to perform measurements “on the field”, hence without the need to ship samples to distant laboratories, and to transmit the data on wireless communication systems or on the Internet represents a substantial advantage in terms of time and cost, thus making the presented system an important tool for in-situ Bacterial screening.
-
An embedded portable biosensor system for Bacterial Concentration detection
Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2010Co-Authors: Marco Grossi, Massimo Lanzoni, Anna Pompei, Roberto Lazzarini, Diego Matteuzzi, Bruno RiccòAbstract:Microbial screening is a primary concern for many products. Traditional techniques based on standard plate count (SPC) are accurate, but time consuming. Furthermore, they require a laboratory environment and qualified personnel. The impedance technique (IT) looking for changes in the electrical characteristics of the sample under test (SUT) induced by Bacterial metabolism represents an interesting alternative to SPC since it is faster (3–12 h vs. 24–72 h for SPC) and can be easily implemented in automatic form. With this approach, the essential parameter is the time for bacteria Concentration to reach a critical threshold value (about 107 cfu mL−1) capable of inducing significant variations in the SUT impedance, measured by applying a 100 mV peak-to-peak 200 Hz sinusoidal test signal at time intervals of 5 min. The results of this work show good correlation between data obtained with the SPC approach and with impedance measurements lasting only 3 h, in the case of highly contaminated samples (106 cfu mL−1). Furthermore, this work introduces a portable system for impedance measurements composed of an incubation chamber containing the SUT, a thermoregulation board to control the target temperature and an impedance measurement board. The mix of cheap electronics and fast detection time provides a useful tool for microbial screening in industrial and commercial environments.