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L F De La Fuente - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bulk tank somatic cell Count and total Bacterial Count are affected by target practices and milking machine features in dairy sheep flocks in castilla y leon region spain
    Small Ruminant Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, M T Juarez, M C Garciajimeno, L F De La Fuente
    Abstract:

    Abstract To study the effect of main flock target practices and milking machine features on the variation of bulk tank milk (BTM) somatic cell Count (SCC) and total Bacterial Count (TBC) in dairy sheep flocks, a total of 3458 records of BTM SCC and TBC, corresponding to 340 audited flocks from the Consorcio de Promocion del Ovino of Castilla y Leon region (Spain), were collected throughout 12 months before testing the technical features of their milking machines. Average values were established for flock size (485.6 ewes), replacement rate (21.1%), parlor capacity (35.7 places), number of milking units (13.8), milking vacuum (36.2 kPa), pump air capacity at 50 and 36 kPa (106.4 and 158.3 L/min per milking unit), manual reserve (122.3 L/min per milking unit), air, milk and milking unit system consumptions (8.0 to 12.5 L/min per milking unit), internal diameters of the main air and milk pipes (5.9 mm and 4.2 mm per milking unit), pulsation rate and ratio (161.1 c/min and 57.4%), age and time since the last revision of the milking installation (16.3 years and 48.1 months), BTM temperature (3.4 °C) and washing water temperature at water-heater outlet (62.1 °C). Antibiotic dry therapy, time since last milking machine revision, and warm water temperature were critical factors influencing BTM SCC and TBC variation. Optimised BTM quality was also obtained for flocks with a greater size and foreign breeds, confined and post-dipped, with daily bedding maintenance, a low-level milk pipeline system, the presence of pulsation airline, greater manual reserve, smaller milk system consumption, and greater main air and pulsation pipe diameters. Greater milk pipe diameters and pulsation rates ≥180 c/min were associated with smaller SCC, but greater TBC, whereas pulsation ratios ≥60% increased SCC, but decreased TBC. Overall, results will allow for the optimisation of educational and risk management programs in the dairy sheep sector to improve flock mammary health and BTM hygiene.

  • factors influencing variation of bulk milk antibiotic residue occurrence somatic cell Count and total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep flocks
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, M C Garciajimeno, M Perezbilbao, L F De La Fuente
    Abstract:

    To study the variations of bulk tank milk variables in dairy ewe flocks and to identify the main target practices and flock groups to improve milk quality and safety, a total of 71,228 records of antibiotic residue (AR) and milk yield and 68,781 records of somatic cell Count (SCC) and total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 5 yr from the same 209 dairy ewe flocks of the Assaf breed belonging to the Consortium for Ovine Promotion of Castilla-Leon (Spain). Based on a logistic regression model, year, month, semester, SCC, TBC, dry therapy, and milk yield significantly contributed to AR variation. High SCC was associated with increased AR violations. When antibiotic dry therapy was implemented, AR occurrence was higher than when this practice was not used. A polynomial monthly distribution throughout the year was observed for AR occurrence; the highest values were in autumn, coinciding with low milk yields per flock. Yearly occurrences drastically diminished from 2004 (1.36%) to 2008 (0.30%), probably as a result of effective educational programs. The mixed-model ANOVA of factors influencing variation in SCC and TBC indicated that year, month, AR, dry therapy group, milking type, and year interactions were significant variation factors for SCC and TBC; mathematical model acCounted for 74.1 and 35.4% of total variance for each variable, respectively. Differences in management and hygiene practice caused significant SCC and TBC variations among flocks and within flocks throughout the 5-yr study. Over time, continuously dry treated flocks showed lower logSCC (5.80) and logTBC (4.92) than untreated (6.10 and 5.18, respectively) or discontinuously dry treated (6.01 and 5.05, respectively) flocks. Continuously dry treated flocks had lower AR occurrences than did discontinuously dry treated flocks. As a whole, AR occurrence and SCC and TBC bulk tank milk variables can be used for monitoring mammary health and milk hygiene and safety in dairy sheep throughout time.

  • short communication bulk tank total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep factors of variation and relationship with somatic cell Count
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2006
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, E Eneitez, M T Juarez, L F De La Fuente, San F Primitivo
    Abstract:

    A total of 9,353 records for bulk tank total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 1 yr from 315 dairy ewe flocks belonging to the Sheep Improvement Consortium (CPO) in Castilla-Leon (Spain). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of flock, breed, month within flock, dry therapy, milking type and installation, and logSCC on logTBC. Flock and month within flock were important variation factors as they acCounted for 22.0 and 22.1% of the variance, respectively. Considerable repeatability values were obtained for both random factors. Hand milking and bucket-milking machines elicited highest logTBC (5.31), whereas parlor systems with looped milkline (5.01) elicited the lowest logTBC. The implementation of dry therapy practice (5.12) showed significantly lower logTBC than when not used (5.25). Variability in logTBC among breeds ranged from 5.24 (Awassi) to 5.07 (Churra). However, clinical outbreaks of contagious agalactia did not increase TBC significantly. A statistically significant relationship was found between logTBC and logSCC, the correlation coefficient between the variables being r = 0.23. Programs for improving milk hygiene should be implemented for both total Bacterial Count and somatic cell Count variables at the same time.

Carlos Gonzalo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bulk tank somatic cell Count and total Bacterial Count are affected by target practices and milking machine features in dairy sheep flocks in castilla y leon region spain
    Small Ruminant Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, M T Juarez, M C Garciajimeno, L F De La Fuente
    Abstract:

    Abstract To study the effect of main flock target practices and milking machine features on the variation of bulk tank milk (BTM) somatic cell Count (SCC) and total Bacterial Count (TBC) in dairy sheep flocks, a total of 3458 records of BTM SCC and TBC, corresponding to 340 audited flocks from the Consorcio de Promocion del Ovino of Castilla y Leon region (Spain), were collected throughout 12 months before testing the technical features of their milking machines. Average values were established for flock size (485.6 ewes), replacement rate (21.1%), parlor capacity (35.7 places), number of milking units (13.8), milking vacuum (36.2 kPa), pump air capacity at 50 and 36 kPa (106.4 and 158.3 L/min per milking unit), manual reserve (122.3 L/min per milking unit), air, milk and milking unit system consumptions (8.0 to 12.5 L/min per milking unit), internal diameters of the main air and milk pipes (5.9 mm and 4.2 mm per milking unit), pulsation rate and ratio (161.1 c/min and 57.4%), age and time since the last revision of the milking installation (16.3 years and 48.1 months), BTM temperature (3.4 °C) and washing water temperature at water-heater outlet (62.1 °C). Antibiotic dry therapy, time since last milking machine revision, and warm water temperature were critical factors influencing BTM SCC and TBC variation. Optimised BTM quality was also obtained for flocks with a greater size and foreign breeds, confined and post-dipped, with daily bedding maintenance, a low-level milk pipeline system, the presence of pulsation airline, greater manual reserve, smaller milk system consumption, and greater main air and pulsation pipe diameters. Greater milk pipe diameters and pulsation rates ≥180 c/min were associated with smaller SCC, but greater TBC, whereas pulsation ratios ≥60% increased SCC, but decreased TBC. Overall, results will allow for the optimisation of educational and risk management programs in the dairy sheep sector to improve flock mammary health and BTM hygiene.

  • factors influencing variation of bulk milk antibiotic residue occurrence somatic cell Count and total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep flocks
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, M C Garciajimeno, M Perezbilbao, L F De La Fuente
    Abstract:

    To study the variations of bulk tank milk variables in dairy ewe flocks and to identify the main target practices and flock groups to improve milk quality and safety, a total of 71,228 records of antibiotic residue (AR) and milk yield and 68,781 records of somatic cell Count (SCC) and total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 5 yr from the same 209 dairy ewe flocks of the Assaf breed belonging to the Consortium for Ovine Promotion of Castilla-Leon (Spain). Based on a logistic regression model, year, month, semester, SCC, TBC, dry therapy, and milk yield significantly contributed to AR variation. High SCC was associated with increased AR violations. When antibiotic dry therapy was implemented, AR occurrence was higher than when this practice was not used. A polynomial monthly distribution throughout the year was observed for AR occurrence; the highest values were in autumn, coinciding with low milk yields per flock. Yearly occurrences drastically diminished from 2004 (1.36%) to 2008 (0.30%), probably as a result of effective educational programs. The mixed-model ANOVA of factors influencing variation in SCC and TBC indicated that year, month, AR, dry therapy group, milking type, and year interactions were significant variation factors for SCC and TBC; mathematical model acCounted for 74.1 and 35.4% of total variance for each variable, respectively. Differences in management and hygiene practice caused significant SCC and TBC variations among flocks and within flocks throughout the 5-yr study. Over time, continuously dry treated flocks showed lower logSCC (5.80) and logTBC (4.92) than untreated (6.10 and 5.18, respectively) or discontinuously dry treated (6.01 and 5.05, respectively) flocks. Continuously dry treated flocks had lower AR occurrences than did discontinuously dry treated flocks. As a whole, AR occurrence and SCC and TBC bulk tank milk variables can be used for monitoring mammary health and milk hygiene and safety in dairy sheep throughout time.

  • short communication bulk tank total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep factors of variation and relationship with somatic cell Count
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2006
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, E Eneitez, M T Juarez, L F De La Fuente, San F Primitivo
    Abstract:

    A total of 9,353 records for bulk tank total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 1 yr from 315 dairy ewe flocks belonging to the Sheep Improvement Consortium (CPO) in Castilla-Leon (Spain). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of flock, breed, month within flock, dry therapy, milking type and installation, and logSCC on logTBC. Flock and month within flock were important variation factors as they acCounted for 22.0 and 22.1% of the variance, respectively. Considerable repeatability values were obtained for both random factors. Hand milking and bucket-milking machines elicited highest logTBC (5.31), whereas parlor systems with looped milkline (5.01) elicited the lowest logTBC. The implementation of dry therapy practice (5.12) showed significantly lower logTBC than when not used (5.25). Variability in logTBC among breeds ranged from 5.24 (Awassi) to 5.07 (Churra). However, clinical outbreaks of contagious agalactia did not increase TBC significantly. A statistically significant relationship was found between logTBC and logSCC, the correlation coefficient between the variables being r = 0.23. Programs for improving milk hygiene should be implemented for both total Bacterial Count and somatic cell Count variables at the same time.

San F Primitivo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • short communication bulk tank total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep factors of variation and relationship with somatic cell Count
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2006
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, E Eneitez, M T Juarez, L F De La Fuente, San F Primitivo
    Abstract:

    A total of 9,353 records for bulk tank total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 1 yr from 315 dairy ewe flocks belonging to the Sheep Improvement Consortium (CPO) in Castilla-Leon (Spain). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of flock, breed, month within flock, dry therapy, milking type and installation, and logSCC on logTBC. Flock and month within flock were important variation factors as they acCounted for 22.0 and 22.1% of the variance, respectively. Considerable repeatability values were obtained for both random factors. Hand milking and bucket-milking machines elicited highest logTBC (5.31), whereas parlor systems with looped milkline (5.01) elicited the lowest logTBC. The implementation of dry therapy practice (5.12) showed significantly lower logTBC than when not used (5.25). Variability in logTBC among breeds ranged from 5.24 (Awassi) to 5.07 (Churra). However, clinical outbreaks of contagious agalactia did not increase TBC significantly. A statistically significant relationship was found between logTBC and logSCC, the correlation coefficient between the variables being r = 0.23. Programs for improving milk hygiene should be implemented for both total Bacterial Count and somatic cell Count variables at the same time.

E Bogomolny - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • correction total viable Bacterial Count using a real time all fibre spectroscopic system
    Analyst, 2016
    Co-Authors: E Bogomolny
    Abstract:

    Correction for ‘Total viable Bacterial Count using a real time all-fibre spectroscopic system’ by E. Bogomolny et al., Analyst, 2013, 138, 4112–4119.

  • total viable Bacterial Count using a real time all fibre spectroscopic system
    Analyst, 2013
    Co-Authors: E Bogomolny, Simon Swift, Frederique Vanholsbeeck
    Abstract:

    Rapid, accurate and sensitive enumeration of Bacterial populations in the natural environment is an essential task for many research fields. Widely used standard methods for Counting bacteria such as heterotrophic plate Count require 1 to 8 days of incubation time for limited accuracy, while more accurate and rapid techniques are often expensive and may require bulky equipment. In the present study, we have developed a computerized optical prototype for Bacterial detection. The goal of this research was to estimate the potential of this optical system for Total Viable Bacterial Count in water. For this purpose, we tested water batches with different microbiological content. Bacterial detection was based on fluorescence enhanced by nucleic acid staining. High sensitivity was achieved by a stable diode pumped solid state laser, sensitive CCD spectrometer and in situ excitation and signal collection. The results have shown that the Bacterial Count from different water origins using our optical setup along with multivariate analysis presents a higher accuracy and a shorter detection time compared to standard methods. For example, in a case where the fluorescence signal is calibrated to the water batch regression line, the relative standard deviation of the optical system enumeration varies between 21 and 36%, while that of the heterotropic plate Count Counterpart varies between 41 and 59%. In summary, we conclude that the all-fibre optical system may offer the following advantages over conventional methods: near real time examinations, portability, sensitivity, accuracy and ability to detect 102 to 108 CFU per ml Bacterial concentrations.

J A Carriedo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • factors influencing variation of bulk milk antibiotic residue occurrence somatic cell Count and total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep flocks
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, M C Garciajimeno, M Perezbilbao, L F De La Fuente
    Abstract:

    To study the variations of bulk tank milk variables in dairy ewe flocks and to identify the main target practices and flock groups to improve milk quality and safety, a total of 71,228 records of antibiotic residue (AR) and milk yield and 68,781 records of somatic cell Count (SCC) and total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 5 yr from the same 209 dairy ewe flocks of the Assaf breed belonging to the Consortium for Ovine Promotion of Castilla-Leon (Spain). Based on a logistic regression model, year, month, semester, SCC, TBC, dry therapy, and milk yield significantly contributed to AR variation. High SCC was associated with increased AR violations. When antibiotic dry therapy was implemented, AR occurrence was higher than when this practice was not used. A polynomial monthly distribution throughout the year was observed for AR occurrence; the highest values were in autumn, coinciding with low milk yields per flock. Yearly occurrences drastically diminished from 2004 (1.36%) to 2008 (0.30%), probably as a result of effective educational programs. The mixed-model ANOVA of factors influencing variation in SCC and TBC indicated that year, month, AR, dry therapy group, milking type, and year interactions were significant variation factors for SCC and TBC; mathematical model acCounted for 74.1 and 35.4% of total variance for each variable, respectively. Differences in management and hygiene practice caused significant SCC and TBC variations among flocks and within flocks throughout the 5-yr study. Over time, continuously dry treated flocks showed lower logSCC (5.80) and logTBC (4.92) than untreated (6.10 and 5.18, respectively) or discontinuously dry treated (6.01 and 5.05, respectively) flocks. Continuously dry treated flocks had lower AR occurrences than did discontinuously dry treated flocks. As a whole, AR occurrence and SCC and TBC bulk tank milk variables can be used for monitoring mammary health and milk hygiene and safety in dairy sheep throughout time.

  • short communication bulk tank total Bacterial Count in dairy sheep factors of variation and relationship with somatic cell Count
    Journal of Dairy Science, 2006
    Co-Authors: Carlos Gonzalo, J A Carriedo, E Eneitez, M T Juarez, L F De La Fuente, San F Primitivo
    Abstract:

    A total of 9,353 records for bulk tank total Bacterial Count (TBC) were obtained over 1 yr from 315 dairy ewe flocks belonging to the Sheep Improvement Consortium (CPO) in Castilla-Leon (Spain). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of flock, breed, month within flock, dry therapy, milking type and installation, and logSCC on logTBC. Flock and month within flock were important variation factors as they acCounted for 22.0 and 22.1% of the variance, respectively. Considerable repeatability values were obtained for both random factors. Hand milking and bucket-milking machines elicited highest logTBC (5.31), whereas parlor systems with looped milkline (5.01) elicited the lowest logTBC. The implementation of dry therapy practice (5.12) showed significantly lower logTBC than when not used (5.25). Variability in logTBC among breeds ranged from 5.24 (Awassi) to 5.07 (Churra). However, clinical outbreaks of contagious agalactia did not increase TBC significantly. A statistically significant relationship was found between logTBC and logSCC, the correlation coefficient between the variables being r = 0.23. Programs for improving milk hygiene should be implemented for both total Bacterial Count and somatic cell Count variables at the same time.