The Experts below are selected from a list of 1656 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xuejiao Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of Genomic Resources and Identification of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of the Domestic Bactrian Camel in China by RAD Sequencing.
Frontiers in genetics, 2020Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Xuejiao Yang, Chengdong ZhangAbstract:The domestic Bactrian Camel is indispensable to agricultural production in the desertification area of China owning to its endurance to hunger and thirst, cold resistance, drought resistance, and good long-distance transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genes with important roles in the evolution of this species. In this study, 1,568,087 SNPs were identified in 47 domestic Bactrian Camels inhabiting four regions of China, namely Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang, by restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). The SNP data were used for nucleotide diversity analysis (π) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) attenuation analysis to elucidate the genetic diversity of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions studied. Results showed that Xinjiang Camels had the highest nucleotide diversity and the fastest decay rate of the LD coefficient; therefore, Xinjiang Camels had the highest genetic diversity. Structure analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and phylogenetic tree construction by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method showed that Qinghai Camels clustered separately, at a larger phylogenetic distance from Camels in the other regions. Through analyses of selection signals, it was found that the number of selected genes shared by Inner Mongolia Camels, Qinghai Camels, Xinjiang Camels, and Gansu Camels was 7, 24, 25, and 113, respectively. The shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions were further analyzed, and three shared genes (GRIA3, XIAP, and THOC2) of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on the shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in all four regions studied. Across all regions, genes involved in the cellular process were the most abundant subcategory under biological process. Cell and cell part represented the main proportion of genes under cellular component. Binding represented the main molecular function. In addition, the shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions of China were significantly enriched in the long-term depression pathway. The research should enable further study of the genetic resources of the domestic Bactrian Camel, as well as the conservation of these resources.
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population genetic analysis of the domestic Bactrian Camel in china by rad seq
Ecology and Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) is one of the most effective high-throughput sequencing technologies for SNP development and utilization and has been applied to studying the origin and evolution of various species. The domestic Bactrian Camels play an important role in economic trade and cultural construction. They are precious species resources and indispensable animals in China's agricultural production. Recently, the rapid development of modern transportation and agriculture, and the deterioration of the environment have led to a sharp decline in the number of Camels. Although there have been some reports on the evolution history of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China, the origin, evolutionary relationship, and genetic diversity of the Camels are unclear due to the limitations of sample size and sequencing technology. Therefore, 47 samples of seven domestic Bactrian Camel species from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang) were prepared for RAD-seq analysis to study the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. In addition, seven domestic Bactrian Camel species are located in different ecological zones, forming different characteristics and having potential development value. A total of 6,487,849 SNPs were genotyped. On the one hand, the filtered SNP information was used to conduct polymorphism mapping construction, LD attenuation analysis, and nucleotide diversity analysis. The results showed that the number of SNPs in Dongjiang Camel was the highest, the LD coefficient decayed the fastest, and the nucleotide diversity was the highest. It indicates that Dongjiang Camel has the highest genetic diversity. On the other hand, the filtered SNPs information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and FST analysis, inbreeding coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis were carried out. The results showed that Nanjiang Camel and Beijiang Camels grouped together, and the other five Bactrian Camel populations gathered into another branch. It may be because the mountains in the northern part of Xinjiang and the desert in the middle isolate the two groups from the other five groups.
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Population genetic analysis of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China by RAD‐seq
Ecology and evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) is one of the most effective high-throughput sequencing technologies for SNP development and utilization and has been applied to studying the origin and evolution of various species. The domestic Bactrian Camels play an important role in economic trade and cultural construction. They are precious species resources and indispensable animals in China's agricultural production. Recently, the rapid development of modern transportation and agriculture, and the deterioration of the environment have led to a sharp decline in the number of Camels. Although there have been some reports on the evolution history of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China, the origin, evolutionary relationship, and genetic diversity of the Camels are unclear due to the limitations of sample size and sequencing technology. Therefore, 47 samples of seven domestic Bactrian Camel species from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang) were prepared for RAD-seq analysis to study the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. In addition, seven domestic Bactrian Camel species are located in different ecological zones, forming different characteristics and having potential development value. A total of 6,487,849 SNPs were genotyped. On the one hand, the filtered SNP information was used to conduct polymorphism mapping construction, LD attenuation analysis, and nucleotide diversity analysis. The results showed that the number of SNPs in Dongjiang Camel was the highest, the LD coefficient decayed the fastest, and the nucleotide diversity was the highest. It indicates that Dongjiang Camel has the highest genetic diversity. On the other hand, the filtered SNPs information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and FST analysis, inbreeding coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis were carried out. The results showed that Nanjiang Camel and Beijiang Camels grouped together, and the other five Bactrian Camel populations gathered into another branch. It may be because the mountains in the northern part of Xinjiang and the desert in the middle isolate the two groups from the other five groups.
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y chromosome polymorphisms of the domestic Bactrian Camel in china
Journal of Genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Jiping Zhao, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), microsatellites and copy number variation (CNV) were studied on the Y chromosome to understand the paternal origin and phylogenetic relationships for resource protection, rational development and utilization of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China. Our sample set consisted of 94 Chinese domestic Bactrian Camels from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang), we screened 29 Y-chromosome-specific loci for SNPs, analysed 40 bovine-derived microsatellite loci and measured CNVs of HSFY and SRY through Sanger sequencing, automated fluorescence-based microsatellite analysis and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. A multicopy gene, SRY, was first found, and sequence variation was only detected in SRY in a screen of 29 loci in 13 DNA pools of individual Camels. In addition, a TG repeat in the USP9Y gene was identified as the first polymorphic microsatellite in the Camel Y chromosome, whereas microsatellite based on bovine sequences were not detected. The frequency of each allele varied among different populations. For the Nanjiang, Hexi and Alashan populations, a 243-bp allele was found. For the Sunite population, 241-bp, 243-bp and 247-bp alleles were detected, and the frequencies of these alleles were 22.2%, 44.5% and 33.3%, respectively; 241-bp and 243-bp alleles were found in other populations. Finally, CNVs in two Y-chromosomal genes were detected; CNV for HSFY and SRY ranged from 1 to 3 and from 1 to 9, respectively.
A. Gerami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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semen cryopreservation in Bactrian Camel Camelus Bactrianus using shotor diluent effects of cooling rates and glycerol concentrations
Theriogenology, 2007Co-Authors: A Niasarinaslaji, S. Mosaferi, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. Gerami, N. Bahmani, A. GhanbariAbstract:Experiments were conducted with a final goal of providing a suitable protocol for cryopreservation of Bactrian Camel semen. In Experiment I, the effect of average cooling rate (slow cooling: 0.14 versus fast cooling: 0.55 degrees C/min) on the viability of chilled semen was evaluated. In Experiment II, the effect of different concentrations of glycerol (4, 6 and 8%) on the post-thaw viability of frozen sperm was investigated. In Experiment III, the efficiency of SHOTOR diluent was compared with IMV buffers for the cryopreservation of Camel semen. Viability parameters including progressive forward motility (PFM), plasma membrane integrity and percentage of live spermatozoa were assessed. Progressive forward motility of sperm cooled at the faster rate was superior after incubating for 24h at 4 degrees C compared to that cooled at the slower rate (P<0.05). Post-thaw viability of Bactrian Camel sperm was better using a final glycerol concentration of 6% compared to 4 and 8% (P<0.05). Progressive forward motility of frozen-thawed sperm was greater using SHOTOR diluent (29.9%) compared to IMV buffers (4.2%, P<0.05). In conclusion, semen cryopreservation in Bactrian Camel is feasible when it is extended in SHOTOR diluent, cooled within 1h (average cooling rate: 0.55 degrees C/min) to 4 degrees C, and then exposed to glycerol, at the final concentration of 6%.
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Semen cryopreservation in Bactrian Camel (Camelus Bactrianus) using SHOTOR diluent: effects of cooling rates and glycerol concentrations.
Theriogenology, 2007Co-Authors: Amir Niasari-naslaji, S. Mosaferi, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. Gerami, N. Bahmani, A. GhanbariAbstract:Experiments were conducted with a final goal of providing a suitable protocol for cryopreservation of Bactrian Camel semen. In Experiment I, the effect of average cooling rate (slow cooling: 0.14 versus fast cooling: 0.55 8C/min) on the viability of chilled semen was evaluated. In Experiment II, the effect of different concentrations of glycerol (4, 6 and 8%) on the post-thaw viability of frozen sperm was investigated. In Experiment III, the efficiency of SHOTOR diluent was compared with IMV buffers for the cryopreservation of Camel semen. Viability parameters including progressive forward motility (PFM), plasma membrane integrity and percentage of live spermatozoa were assessed. Progressive forward motility of sperm cooled at the faster ratewas superior after incubating for 24 h at 4 8C compared to that cooled at the slower rate (P < 0.05). Post-thaw viability of Bactrian Camel sperm was better using a final glycerol concentration of 6% compared to 4 and 8% (P < 0.05). Progressive forward motility of frozen-thawed sperm was greater using SHOTOR diluent (29.9%) compared to IMV buffers (4.2%, P < 0.05). In conclusion, semen cryopreservation in Bactrian Camel is feasible when it is extended in SHOTOR diluent, cooled within 1 h (average cooling rate: 0.55 8C/ min) to 4 8C, and then exposed to glycerol, at the final concentration of 6%.
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effectiveness of a tris based extender shotor diluent for the preservation of Bactrian Camel Camelus Bactrianus semen
Cryobiology, 2006Co-Authors: A Niasarinaslaji, S. Mosaferi, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, N. Bahmani, A. Ghanbari, A. GeramiAbstract:The development of a suitable semen extender is required to extend artificial breeding programs and to preserve the genetic potential of Bactrian Camel. Experiments were conducted to provide the optimal osmolality and pH of tris-based extender and to compare that with available extenders for short-term preservation of Bactrian Camel semen at 4 degrees C during 24 h. In experiments I and II, the effects of varying osmolalities (270, 300, 330, 360, and 390 mOsm/kg) and pHs (5.5, 6, 6.9, 7.5, 7.9, and 8.9) of tris-based extender on sperm viability were investigated. In experiment III, the efficiency of tris-based extender (SHOTOR diluent) in preserving Bactrian Camel semen was compared with lactose (10%), sucrose (10%) and Green buffer. Viability parameters including progressive forward motility (PFM), plasma membrane integrity and the percentage of live spermatozoa were assessed. The data were analyzed using general linear model procedure. In the majority of assessments using tris-based extender, the viability of spermatozoa was superior at the osmolality of 330 mOsm/kg and pH of 6.9. PFM was significantly greater at the time of semen dilution in tris-based (65.5%) and Green buffer (60.5%) compared to that of lactose (31%) and sucrose (28%) extenders (P 0.05). In conclusion, the utilization of a tris-based extender, having the osmolality of 330 mOsm/kg and pH of 6.9, favors the short-term preservation of the Bactrian Camel spermatozoa under chilled condition.
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Biophysical and biochemical characteristics of Bactrian Camel semen collected by artificial vagina.
Theriogenology, 2005Co-Authors: S. Mosaferi, Amir Niasari-naslaji, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. GeramiAbstract:Abstract Seminal characteristics were investigated in Bactrian Camel in this study. Semen samples from ten mature Bactrian Camel bulls were collected using a modified bovine artificial vagina. The biophysical parameters including volume, color, sperm concentration and fast forward progressive motility, percentage of live sperm and the biochemical parameters including osmolarity, pH, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, triglycerides, phospholipids, total protein, albumin and non-protein nitrogen concentrations in seminal plasma were measured. The mean time for semen collection was 5.3 ± 0.29 min. The volume of semen varies from 1.2 to 26 (8.2 ± 0.7 mls). The majority of semen samples (83.6%) were milky in color and consistency. The average osmolarity of semen was 316.1 ± 1.48 mOsm/kg H 2 O. The pH of semen was slightly alkaline (7.4 ± 0.03). The mean concentration of spermatozoa was 414.8 ± 25.04 × 10 6 cells/ml. The fast forward progressive motility of spermatozoa was 62.4 ± 1.57%. The percentage of live spermatozoa was 85.6 ± 1.15. Seminal plasma concentration of glucose was 35.8 ± 0.9 mg/dl. Non-protein nitrogen, total protein and albumin were 32.5 ± 2.5, 2200 ± 100 and 1100 ± 100 mg/dl, respectively. The average concentrations of phospholipids and triglycerides in seminal plasma were 36.4 ± 2.1 and 101.6 ± 5.5 mg/dl, respectively. The concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and chloride were 8.2 ± 0.1, 2.9 ± 1.7 mg/dl and 97.9 ± 2.9 mEq./l, respectively.
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96 A NOVEL EXTENDER FOR PRESERVATION OF Bactrian Camel (CamelUS BactrianUS) SEMEN
Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2005Co-Authors: Amir Niasari-naslaji, S. Mosaferi, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. Ghanbari, A. GeramiAbstract:Lactose and Green buffer (IMV, France) are the most commonly used extenders for Camel semen. The viability of Bactrian Camel spermatozoa in lactose extender is reduced after 4 h of incubation at 4°C (unpublished data). Although Green buffer is used for dromedary Camel semen, there are no data indicating its effectiveness for Bactrian Camel semen. More recently, we reported that the osmolality and pH of Bactrian Camel semen are 316.1 ± 1.48 mOsm/kg and 7.4 ± 0.03, respectively. The objective of this study was to compare three different semen extenders, to determine if a TRIS-based diluent (SHOTOR* Diluent), a completely defined diluent, can maintain cooled Camel sperm as effectively as established diluents. SHOTOR Diluent consists of 2.6 g TRIS, 1.35 g citric acid, 1.2 g glucose, and 0.9 g fructose in 100 mL of deionized water, with an osmolality of 330 mOsm/kg and pH of 6.9. SHOTOR Diluent, lactose, 10% (w/v), with an osmolality of 330 mOsm/kg and pH of 6.9, and Green buffer were compared in this study. All extenders contained 20% egg yolk. Semen was collected from bulls with a sound history of semen quality and fertility (n = 3), using a modified artificial vagina, and divided equally into the different extenders (Mosaferi S et al. 2004 15th Int. Cong. Anim. Reprod. 2, 520; Mosaferi S et al. 2004 Theriogenology, in press). Progressive forward motility and percentage of live spermatozoa were examined at the time of semen collection (time 0) and after 4, 12, and 24 h of incubation at 4°C. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure in SAS/STAT after arcsine transformation. The forward progressive motilities of spermatozoa at 0, 4, 12, and 24 h after semen collection were 65.5, 54, 44.5, and 36.5% in SHOTOR Diluent; 31, 18.5, 8.5, and 0% in 10% lactose; and 60.5, 54.5, 33, and 32.5 % in Green buffer, respectively (Table 1). The percentage of live spermatozoa at 0, 4, 12, and 24 h were 84.5, 84, 81 and 74.5% in SHOTOR Diluent; 80, 79.5, 72.5, and 56.5% in 10% lactose; 89, 82.5, 82.5, and 77.5% in Green buffer, respectively (P > 0.05). The progressive forward motility of spermatozoa did not significantly decrease by 12 h at 4°C in SHOTOR Diluent (P > 0.05; Table 1), whereas it significantly decreased after 4 h and 12 h of incubation at 4°C in Green buffer and 10% lactose, respectively (P < 0.05; Table 1). Further decrease in the progressive forward motility occurred in all extenders after 24 h at 4°C (P < 0.05; Table 1). In conclusion, SHOTOR Diluent is better than Green buffer and 10% lactose as an extender for chilled storage of Bactrian Camel semen for 12 hat4°C. Table 1. The progressive forward motility of Bactrian Camel spermatozoa extended in SHOTOR Diluent (1), 10% lactose (2) and Green buffer (3) at the time of semen collection (time 0) and after 4, 12, and 24 h of incubation at 4°C *Shotor means Camel in the Persian language. The authors wish to thank the director and station staff of Bactrian Camel Reseach Center at Meshkinshahr, Ardabil, for providing facilities and kind assistance throughout the experiment.
Amir Niasari-naslaji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adaptation of Bactrian Camel to hot desert climate using interspecies embryo transfer
Journal of Camel Practice and Research, 2014Co-Authors: Amir Niasari-naslaji, A. Ghanbari, M. Barani, H.r. Adel, A.a. Moosavi-movahediAbstract:Bactrian Camel in Iran is adapted to the cold environment and can't tolerate hot desert climate. We hypothesised that the uterus of dromedary Camel acclimatised to hot region, could provide the condition for Bactrian Camel embryo to be able to adapt to hot climate postnatal. Bactrian Camel donors were superovulated according to the standard procedure. Embryos were recovered non-surgically on day 8.5 after inducing ovulation. Recipient dromedary Camels were induced to ovulate when they had a mature follicle, 13–17 mm in diameter, on the ovary. Grade one Bactrian Camel embryos were transferred non-surgically to recipients when they were on Day 6.5–7.5 after inducing ovulation. Since 2008, when the first Bactrian Camel calf was born, totally 15 calves (6 males and 9 females) were born. Ten calves were born in the cold environment and 6 calves were born in the hot desert climate. At the moment, all progenies have 4–6 years of age without any particular problem. In conclusion, the adaptation to different climate could be transferred via the uterus to embryo. This novel finding will provide the opportunity to extend an endangered Iranian Bactrian Camel, which adapted to the cold environment, to hot desert climates.
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Interspecies embryo transfer in Camelids: the birth of the first Bactrian Camel calves (Camelus Bactrianus) from dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius).
Reproduction fertility and development, 2009Co-Authors: Amir Niasari-naslaji, Darab Nikjou, J. A. Skidmore, A. Moghiseh, M. Mostafaey, K. Razavi, Ali Akbar Moosavi-movahediAbstract:Interspecies embryo transfer is a possible approach that can be used to conserve endangered species. It could provide a useful technique to preserve the Iranian and wild Bactrian Camels, both of which are threatened with extinction. In the present study, one Bactrian Camel was superovulated using decreasing doses of FSH (60, 40, 30, 30, 20, 20 mg, b.i.d.; Folltropin-V; Bioniche, London, ON, Canada) for 6 days, followed by a single injection of FSH (20 mg, i.m.) on Day 7. Daily ovarian ultrasonography was performed until most of the growing follicles had reached a mature size of 13–17 mm, at which time the Camel was mated twice, 24 h apart, with a fertile male Bactrian Camel. At the time of first mating, female Camels were given 20 μg, i.v., buserelin (Receptal; Intervet, Boxmeer, The Netherlands). One day after the donor Camel had been mated, the dromedary recipients (n = 8) were injected with 25 mg, i.v., porcine LH (Lutropin-V; Bioniche) to induce ovulation. Embryos were recovered on Day 8.5 after the first mating and transferred non-surgically into recipients on Day 7.5 after LH injection. Pregnancy was diagnosed 25 days after embryo transfer. Healthy Bactrian Camel calves (n = 4) were born without any particular complications at the time of parturition (e.g. dystocia and neonatal diseases). The present study is the first report of the birth of Bactrian Camel calves from dromedary Camels, as well as the first report of interspecies embryo transfer in old world Camelids.
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Semen cryopreservation in Bactrian Camel (Camelus Bactrianus) using SHOTOR diluent: effects of cooling rates and glycerol concentrations.
Theriogenology, 2007Co-Authors: Amir Niasari-naslaji, S. Mosaferi, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. Gerami, N. Bahmani, A. GhanbariAbstract:Experiments were conducted with a final goal of providing a suitable protocol for cryopreservation of Bactrian Camel semen. In Experiment I, the effect of average cooling rate (slow cooling: 0.14 versus fast cooling: 0.55 8C/min) on the viability of chilled semen was evaluated. In Experiment II, the effect of different concentrations of glycerol (4, 6 and 8%) on the post-thaw viability of frozen sperm was investigated. In Experiment III, the efficiency of SHOTOR diluent was compared with IMV buffers for the cryopreservation of Camel semen. Viability parameters including progressive forward motility (PFM), plasma membrane integrity and percentage of live spermatozoa were assessed. Progressive forward motility of sperm cooled at the faster ratewas superior after incubating for 24 h at 4 8C compared to that cooled at the slower rate (P < 0.05). Post-thaw viability of Bactrian Camel sperm was better using a final glycerol concentration of 6% compared to 4 and 8% (P < 0.05). Progressive forward motility of frozen-thawed sperm was greater using SHOTOR diluent (29.9%) compared to IMV buffers (4.2%, P < 0.05). In conclusion, semen cryopreservation in Bactrian Camel is feasible when it is extended in SHOTOR diluent, cooled within 1 h (average cooling rate: 0.55 8C/ min) to 4 8C, and then exposed to glycerol, at the final concentration of 6%.
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Biophysical and biochemical characteristics of Bactrian Camel semen collected by artificial vagina.
Theriogenology, 2005Co-Authors: S. Mosaferi, Amir Niasari-naslaji, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. GeramiAbstract:Abstract Seminal characteristics were investigated in Bactrian Camel in this study. Semen samples from ten mature Bactrian Camel bulls were collected using a modified bovine artificial vagina. The biophysical parameters including volume, color, sperm concentration and fast forward progressive motility, percentage of live sperm and the biochemical parameters including osmolarity, pH, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, triglycerides, phospholipids, total protein, albumin and non-protein nitrogen concentrations in seminal plasma were measured. The mean time for semen collection was 5.3 ± 0.29 min. The volume of semen varies from 1.2 to 26 (8.2 ± 0.7 mls). The majority of semen samples (83.6%) were milky in color and consistency. The average osmolarity of semen was 316.1 ± 1.48 mOsm/kg H 2 O. The pH of semen was slightly alkaline (7.4 ± 0.03). The mean concentration of spermatozoa was 414.8 ± 25.04 × 10 6 cells/ml. The fast forward progressive motility of spermatozoa was 62.4 ± 1.57%. The percentage of live spermatozoa was 85.6 ± 1.15. Seminal plasma concentration of glucose was 35.8 ± 0.9 mg/dl. Non-protein nitrogen, total protein and albumin were 32.5 ± 2.5, 2200 ± 100 and 1100 ± 100 mg/dl, respectively. The average concentrations of phospholipids and triglycerides in seminal plasma were 36.4 ± 2.1 and 101.6 ± 5.5 mg/dl, respectively. The concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and chloride were 8.2 ± 0.1, 2.9 ± 1.7 mg/dl and 97.9 ± 2.9 mEq./l, respectively.
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96 A NOVEL EXTENDER FOR PRESERVATION OF Bactrian Camel (CamelUS BactrianUS) SEMEN
Reproduction Fertility and Development, 2005Co-Authors: Amir Niasari-naslaji, S. Mosaferi, A. Abarghani, A.a. Gharahdaghi, A. Ghanbari, A. GeramiAbstract:Lactose and Green buffer (IMV, France) are the most commonly used extenders for Camel semen. The viability of Bactrian Camel spermatozoa in lactose extender is reduced after 4 h of incubation at 4°C (unpublished data). Although Green buffer is used for dromedary Camel semen, there are no data indicating its effectiveness for Bactrian Camel semen. More recently, we reported that the osmolality and pH of Bactrian Camel semen are 316.1 ± 1.48 mOsm/kg and 7.4 ± 0.03, respectively. The objective of this study was to compare three different semen extenders, to determine if a TRIS-based diluent (SHOTOR* Diluent), a completely defined diluent, can maintain cooled Camel sperm as effectively as established diluents. SHOTOR Diluent consists of 2.6 g TRIS, 1.35 g citric acid, 1.2 g glucose, and 0.9 g fructose in 100 mL of deionized water, with an osmolality of 330 mOsm/kg and pH of 6.9. SHOTOR Diluent, lactose, 10% (w/v), with an osmolality of 330 mOsm/kg and pH of 6.9, and Green buffer were compared in this study. All extenders contained 20% egg yolk. Semen was collected from bulls with a sound history of semen quality and fertility (n = 3), using a modified artificial vagina, and divided equally into the different extenders (Mosaferi S et al. 2004 15th Int. Cong. Anim. Reprod. 2, 520; Mosaferi S et al. 2004 Theriogenology, in press). Progressive forward motility and percentage of live spermatozoa were examined at the time of semen collection (time 0) and after 4, 12, and 24 h of incubation at 4°C. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure in SAS/STAT after arcsine transformation. The forward progressive motilities of spermatozoa at 0, 4, 12, and 24 h after semen collection were 65.5, 54, 44.5, and 36.5% in SHOTOR Diluent; 31, 18.5, 8.5, and 0% in 10% lactose; and 60.5, 54.5, 33, and 32.5 % in Green buffer, respectively (Table 1). The percentage of live spermatozoa at 0, 4, 12, and 24 h were 84.5, 84, 81 and 74.5% in SHOTOR Diluent; 80, 79.5, 72.5, and 56.5% in 10% lactose; 89, 82.5, 82.5, and 77.5% in Green buffer, respectively (P > 0.05). The progressive forward motility of spermatozoa did not significantly decrease by 12 h at 4°C in SHOTOR Diluent (P > 0.05; Table 1), whereas it significantly decreased after 4 h and 12 h of incubation at 4°C in Green buffer and 10% lactose, respectively (P < 0.05; Table 1). Further decrease in the progressive forward motility occurred in all extenders after 24 h at 4°C (P < 0.05; Table 1). In conclusion, SHOTOR Diluent is better than Green buffer and 10% lactose as an extender for chilled storage of Bactrian Camel semen for 12 hat4°C. Table 1. The progressive forward motility of Bactrian Camel spermatozoa extended in SHOTOR Diluent (1), 10% lactose (2) and Green buffer (3) at the time of semen collection (time 0) and after 4, 12, and 24 h of incubation at 4°C *Shotor means Camel in the Persian language. The authors wish to thank the director and station staff of Bactrian Camel Reseach Center at Meshkinshahr, Ardabil, for providing facilities and kind assistance throughout the experiment.
Chenmiao Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of Genomic Resources and Identification of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of the Domestic Bactrian Camel in China by RAD Sequencing.
Frontiers in genetics, 2020Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Xuejiao Yang, Chengdong ZhangAbstract:The domestic Bactrian Camel is indispensable to agricultural production in the desertification area of China owning to its endurance to hunger and thirst, cold resistance, drought resistance, and good long-distance transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genes with important roles in the evolution of this species. In this study, 1,568,087 SNPs were identified in 47 domestic Bactrian Camels inhabiting four regions of China, namely Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang, by restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). The SNP data were used for nucleotide diversity analysis (π) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) attenuation analysis to elucidate the genetic diversity of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions studied. Results showed that Xinjiang Camels had the highest nucleotide diversity and the fastest decay rate of the LD coefficient; therefore, Xinjiang Camels had the highest genetic diversity. Structure analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and phylogenetic tree construction by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method showed that Qinghai Camels clustered separately, at a larger phylogenetic distance from Camels in the other regions. Through analyses of selection signals, it was found that the number of selected genes shared by Inner Mongolia Camels, Qinghai Camels, Xinjiang Camels, and Gansu Camels was 7, 24, 25, and 113, respectively. The shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions were further analyzed, and three shared genes (GRIA3, XIAP, and THOC2) of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on the shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in all four regions studied. Across all regions, genes involved in the cellular process were the most abundant subcategory under biological process. Cell and cell part represented the main proportion of genes under cellular component. Binding represented the main molecular function. In addition, the shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions of China were significantly enriched in the long-term depression pathway. The research should enable further study of the genetic resources of the domestic Bactrian Camel, as well as the conservation of these resources.
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population genetic analysis of the domestic Bactrian Camel in china by rad seq
Ecology and Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) is one of the most effective high-throughput sequencing technologies for SNP development and utilization and has been applied to studying the origin and evolution of various species. The domestic Bactrian Camels play an important role in economic trade and cultural construction. They are precious species resources and indispensable animals in China's agricultural production. Recently, the rapid development of modern transportation and agriculture, and the deterioration of the environment have led to a sharp decline in the number of Camels. Although there have been some reports on the evolution history of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China, the origin, evolutionary relationship, and genetic diversity of the Camels are unclear due to the limitations of sample size and sequencing technology. Therefore, 47 samples of seven domestic Bactrian Camel species from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang) were prepared for RAD-seq analysis to study the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. In addition, seven domestic Bactrian Camel species are located in different ecological zones, forming different characteristics and having potential development value. A total of 6,487,849 SNPs were genotyped. On the one hand, the filtered SNP information was used to conduct polymorphism mapping construction, LD attenuation analysis, and nucleotide diversity analysis. The results showed that the number of SNPs in Dongjiang Camel was the highest, the LD coefficient decayed the fastest, and the nucleotide diversity was the highest. It indicates that Dongjiang Camel has the highest genetic diversity. On the other hand, the filtered SNPs information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and FST analysis, inbreeding coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis were carried out. The results showed that Nanjiang Camel and Beijiang Camels grouped together, and the other five Bactrian Camel populations gathered into another branch. It may be because the mountains in the northern part of Xinjiang and the desert in the middle isolate the two groups from the other five groups.
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Population genetic analysis of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China by RAD‐seq
Ecology and evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) is one of the most effective high-throughput sequencing technologies for SNP development and utilization and has been applied to studying the origin and evolution of various species. The domestic Bactrian Camels play an important role in economic trade and cultural construction. They are precious species resources and indispensable animals in China's agricultural production. Recently, the rapid development of modern transportation and agriculture, and the deterioration of the environment have led to a sharp decline in the number of Camels. Although there have been some reports on the evolution history of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China, the origin, evolutionary relationship, and genetic diversity of the Camels are unclear due to the limitations of sample size and sequencing technology. Therefore, 47 samples of seven domestic Bactrian Camel species from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang) were prepared for RAD-seq analysis to study the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. In addition, seven domestic Bactrian Camel species are located in different ecological zones, forming different characteristics and having potential development value. A total of 6,487,849 SNPs were genotyped. On the one hand, the filtered SNP information was used to conduct polymorphism mapping construction, LD attenuation analysis, and nucleotide diversity analysis. The results showed that the number of SNPs in Dongjiang Camel was the highest, the LD coefficient decayed the fastest, and the nucleotide diversity was the highest. It indicates that Dongjiang Camel has the highest genetic diversity. On the other hand, the filtered SNPs information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and FST analysis, inbreeding coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis were carried out. The results showed that Nanjiang Camel and Beijiang Camels grouped together, and the other five Bactrian Camel populations gathered into another branch. It may be because the mountains in the northern part of Xinjiang and the desert in the middle isolate the two groups from the other five groups.
Chengdong Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of Genomic Resources and Identification of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of the Domestic Bactrian Camel in China by RAD Sequencing.
Frontiers in genetics, 2020Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Xuejiao Yang, Chengdong ZhangAbstract:The domestic Bactrian Camel is indispensable to agricultural production in the desertification area of China owning to its endurance to hunger and thirst, cold resistance, drought resistance, and good long-distance transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genes with important roles in the evolution of this species. In this study, 1,568,087 SNPs were identified in 47 domestic Bactrian Camels inhabiting four regions of China, namely Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang, by restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). The SNP data were used for nucleotide diversity analysis (π) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) attenuation analysis to elucidate the genetic diversity of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions studied. Results showed that Xinjiang Camels had the highest nucleotide diversity and the fastest decay rate of the LD coefficient; therefore, Xinjiang Camels had the highest genetic diversity. Structure analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and phylogenetic tree construction by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method showed that Qinghai Camels clustered separately, at a larger phylogenetic distance from Camels in the other regions. Through analyses of selection signals, it was found that the number of selected genes shared by Inner Mongolia Camels, Qinghai Camels, Xinjiang Camels, and Gansu Camels was 7, 24, 25, and 113, respectively. The shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions were further analyzed, and three shared genes (GRIA3, XIAP, and THOC2) of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on the shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in all four regions studied. Across all regions, genes involved in the cellular process were the most abundant subcategory under biological process. Cell and cell part represented the main proportion of genes under cellular component. Binding represented the main molecular function. In addition, the shared selected genes of the domestic Bactrian Camel in the four regions of China were significantly enriched in the long-term depression pathway. The research should enable further study of the genetic resources of the domestic Bactrian Camel, as well as the conservation of these resources.
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population genetic analysis of the domestic Bactrian Camel in china by rad seq
Ecology and Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) is one of the most effective high-throughput sequencing technologies for SNP development and utilization and has been applied to studying the origin and evolution of various species. The domestic Bactrian Camels play an important role in economic trade and cultural construction. They are precious species resources and indispensable animals in China's agricultural production. Recently, the rapid development of modern transportation and agriculture, and the deterioration of the environment have led to a sharp decline in the number of Camels. Although there have been some reports on the evolution history of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China, the origin, evolutionary relationship, and genetic diversity of the Camels are unclear due to the limitations of sample size and sequencing technology. Therefore, 47 samples of seven domestic Bactrian Camel species from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang) were prepared for RAD-seq analysis to study the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. In addition, seven domestic Bactrian Camel species are located in different ecological zones, forming different characteristics and having potential development value. A total of 6,487,849 SNPs were genotyped. On the one hand, the filtered SNP information was used to conduct polymorphism mapping construction, LD attenuation analysis, and nucleotide diversity analysis. The results showed that the number of SNPs in Dongjiang Camel was the highest, the LD coefficient decayed the fastest, and the nucleotide diversity was the highest. It indicates that Dongjiang Camel has the highest genetic diversity. On the other hand, the filtered SNPs information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and FST analysis, inbreeding coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis were carried out. The results showed that Nanjiang Camel and Beijiang Camels grouped together, and the other five Bactrian Camel populations gathered into another branch. It may be because the mountains in the northern part of Xinjiang and the desert in the middle isolate the two groups from the other five groups.
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Population genetic analysis of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China by RAD‐seq
Ecology and evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Chenmiao Liu, Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) is one of the most effective high-throughput sequencing technologies for SNP development and utilization and has been applied to studying the origin and evolution of various species. The domestic Bactrian Camels play an important role in economic trade and cultural construction. They are precious species resources and indispensable animals in China's agricultural production. Recently, the rapid development of modern transportation and agriculture, and the deterioration of the environment have led to a sharp decline in the number of Camels. Although there have been some reports on the evolution history of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China, the origin, evolutionary relationship, and genetic diversity of the Camels are unclear due to the limitations of sample size and sequencing technology. Therefore, 47 samples of seven domestic Bactrian Camel species from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, and Xinjiang) were prepared for RAD-seq analysis to study the evolutionary relationship and genetic diversity. In addition, seven domestic Bactrian Camel species are located in different ecological zones, forming different characteristics and having potential development value. A total of 6,487,849 SNPs were genotyped. On the one hand, the filtered SNP information was used to conduct polymorphism mapping construction, LD attenuation analysis, and nucleotide diversity analysis. The results showed that the number of SNPs in Dongjiang Camel was the highest, the LD coefficient decayed the fastest, and the nucleotide diversity was the highest. It indicates that Dongjiang Camel has the highest genetic diversity. On the other hand, the filtered SNPs information was used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and FST analysis, inbreeding coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and population structure analysis were carried out. The results showed that Nanjiang Camel and Beijiang Camels grouped together, and the other five Bactrian Camel populations gathered into another branch. It may be because the mountains in the northern part of Xinjiang and the desert in the middle isolate the two groups from the other five groups.
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y chromosome polymorphisms of the domestic Bactrian Camel in china
Journal of Genetics, 2018Co-Authors: Huiling Chen, Zhanjun Ren, Chengdong Zhang, Jiping Zhao, Xuejiao YangAbstract:Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), microsatellites and copy number variation (CNV) were studied on the Y chromosome to understand the paternal origin and phylogenetic relationships for resource protection, rational development and utilization of the domestic Bactrian Camel in China. Our sample set consisted of 94 Chinese domestic Bactrian Camels from four regions (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang), we screened 29 Y-chromosome-specific loci for SNPs, analysed 40 bovine-derived microsatellite loci and measured CNVs of HSFY and SRY through Sanger sequencing, automated fluorescence-based microsatellite analysis and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. A multicopy gene, SRY, was first found, and sequence variation was only detected in SRY in a screen of 29 loci in 13 DNA pools of individual Camels. In addition, a TG repeat in the USP9Y gene was identified as the first polymorphic microsatellite in the Camel Y chromosome, whereas microsatellite based on bovine sequences were not detected. The frequency of each allele varied among different populations. For the Nanjiang, Hexi and Alashan populations, a 243-bp allele was found. For the Sunite population, 241-bp, 243-bp and 247-bp alleles were detected, and the frequencies of these alleles were 22.2%, 44.5% and 33.3%, respectively; 241-bp and 243-bp alleles were found in other populations. Finally, CNVs in two Y-chromosomal genes were detected; CNV for HSFY and SRY ranged from 1 to 3 and from 1 to 9, respectively.
