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Stefan Schmidt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first time isolation and quantification of Basidiobolus spp from reptile faeces in kwazulu natal south africa using selective media
Mycoses, 2019Co-Authors: Maike Claussen, Stefan SchmidtAbstract:Members of the genus Basidiobolus are potentially pathogenic fungi, known to cause mycoses in tropical and subtropical countries. Basidiobolus spp. can be associated with animals, and reptiles and amphibians are candidate vectors for the distribution of this fungus. The presence of Basidiobolus spp. was described for different reptiles in several African countries, although not for South Africa. In addition, quantitative data are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse faeces of selected South African reptiles for the presence and quantity of "viable Basidiobolus units." Faecal samples of gecko and agama lizards were collected and analysed using spread plating, with confirmation by PCR. The addition of dichloran and benomyl to standard fungal media improved the selectivity and allowed quantification of Basidiobolus spp. in reptile faeces. The amount of Basidiobolus spp. varied between 300 and 1.4 × 106 CFU per gram of pooled gecko faeces, which mostly corresponds to >1000 CFU per outside dropping and <100 CFU per inside dropping. About 60% of analysed agama faeces carried Basidiobolus spp., ranging from 150 to 1.2 × 105 CFU per dropping. Our results show for the first time that faeces of South African reptiles frequently carry Basidiobolus spp., confirming that they can contribute to the distribution of this fungus.
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First-time isolation and quantification of Basidiobolus spp. from reptile faeces in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) using selective media.
Mycoses, 2018Co-Authors: Maike Claussen, Stefan SchmidtAbstract:Members of the genus Basidiobolus are potentially pathogenic fungi, known to cause mycoses in tropical and subtropical countries. Basidiobolus spp. can be associated with animals, and reptiles and amphibians are candidate vectors for the distribution of this fungus. The presence of Basidiobolus spp. was described for different reptiles in several African countries, although not for South Africa. In addition, quantitative data are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse faeces of selected South African reptiles for the presence and quantity of "viable Basidiobolus units." Faecal samples of gecko and agama lizards were collected and analysed using spread plating, with confirmation by PCR. The addition of dichloran and benomyl to standard fungal media improved the selectivity and allowed quantification of Basidiobolus spp. in reptile faeces. The amount of Basidiobolus spp. varied between 300 and 1.4 × 106 CFU per gram of pooled gecko faeces, which mostly corresponds to >1000 CFU per outside dropping and
Maike Claussen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first time isolation and quantification of Basidiobolus spp from reptile faeces in kwazulu natal south africa using selective media
Mycoses, 2019Co-Authors: Maike Claussen, Stefan SchmidtAbstract:Members of the genus Basidiobolus are potentially pathogenic fungi, known to cause mycoses in tropical and subtropical countries. Basidiobolus spp. can be associated with animals, and reptiles and amphibians are candidate vectors for the distribution of this fungus. The presence of Basidiobolus spp. was described for different reptiles in several African countries, although not for South Africa. In addition, quantitative data are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse faeces of selected South African reptiles for the presence and quantity of "viable Basidiobolus units." Faecal samples of gecko and agama lizards were collected and analysed using spread plating, with confirmation by PCR. The addition of dichloran and benomyl to standard fungal media improved the selectivity and allowed quantification of Basidiobolus spp. in reptile faeces. The amount of Basidiobolus spp. varied between 300 and 1.4 × 106 CFU per gram of pooled gecko faeces, which mostly corresponds to >1000 CFU per outside dropping and <100 CFU per inside dropping. About 60% of analysed agama faeces carried Basidiobolus spp., ranging from 150 to 1.2 × 105 CFU per dropping. Our results show for the first time that faeces of South African reptiles frequently carry Basidiobolus spp., confirming that they can contribute to the distribution of this fungus.
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First-time isolation and quantification of Basidiobolus spp. from reptile faeces in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) using selective media.
Mycoses, 2018Co-Authors: Maike Claussen, Stefan SchmidtAbstract:Members of the genus Basidiobolus are potentially pathogenic fungi, known to cause mycoses in tropical and subtropical countries. Basidiobolus spp. can be associated with animals, and reptiles and amphibians are candidate vectors for the distribution of this fungus. The presence of Basidiobolus spp. was described for different reptiles in several African countries, although not for South Africa. In addition, quantitative data are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse faeces of selected South African reptiles for the presence and quantity of "viable Basidiobolus units." Faecal samples of gecko and agama lizards were collected and analysed using spread plating, with confirmation by PCR. The addition of dichloran and benomyl to standard fungal media improved the selectivity and allowed quantification of Basidiobolus spp. in reptile faeces. The amount of Basidiobolus spp. varied between 300 and 1.4 × 106 CFU per gram of pooled gecko faeces, which mostly corresponds to >1000 CFU per outside dropping and
H.c. Gugnani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A review of zygomycosis due to Basidiobolus ranarum.
European journal of epidemiology, 1999Co-Authors: H.c. GugnaniAbstract:Zygomycosis due to Basidiobolus ranarum (entomophthoromycosis basidiobolae, subcutaneous zygomycosis, subcutaneous phycomycosis, basidiobolomycosis) is a granulomatous infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues characterized by the formation of fluctuant firm and non-tender swellings, generally on the extremities, trunk and rarely other parts of the body. The causative agent is common in soil, decaying vegetable matter, and the gastrointestinal tracts of amphibians, reptiles, fish and bats. It is presumed that infection is acquired through exposure to B. ranarum following minor trauma to skin or insect bites. The disease usually occurs in children, less often in adolescents and rarely in adults. Males are much more frequently affected than females. Laboratory diagnosis is based on histopathology and culture. The typical histopathological feature is the presence of thin-walled, broad often aseptate hyphae or hyphal fragments with an eosinophilic sheath, frequently phagocytized within giant cells. Basidiobolus ranarum is known to produce several enzymes, e.g. lipase and protease that probably play roles in the pathogenesis of infections caused by this mould. An immunological test has been developed for specific diagnosis of the disease. Though potassium iodide (KI) has been the traditional drug employed in the treatment of infections by B. ranarum, several other drugs, viz amphotericin B, cotrimoxazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole have been successfully tried.
Josefine I Okafor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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purification and characterization of protease enzymes of Basidiobolus and conidiobolus species
Mycoses, 2009Co-Authors: Josefine I OkaforAbstract:Summary. The protease enzymes produced by one strain of each of Basidiobolus haptosporus, B. ranarum and Conidiobolus coronatus were purified by precipitation and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The enzymes prepared were characterized in terms of their specific activities and temperature and pH optima as well as their molecular weights. All three fungi produced one protease of 23 000 Da molecular weight. Conidiobolus coronatus additionally secreted a second protease of 32 000 Da molecular weight. Zusammenfassung. Die von je einem Stamm von Basidiobolus haptosporas, B. ranarum und Conidiobolus coronatus produzitrten Proteasen wurden uber Prazipitation und Sephadex G-100-Gelfiltrations-chromatographie gereinigt. Die dargestellten Enzyme wurden dann hinsichtlich ihrer spezifischen Aktivitat, ihrer Temperatur- und pH-Optima sowie ihres Molekulargewichts charakterisiert. Alle drei Stamme produzierten eine Protease von 23 000 Da Molekulargewicht. Conidiobolus coronatus sezenierte zusatzlich eine zweite Protease von 32 000 Da Molekulargewicht.
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extracellular enzyme activities by Basidiobolus and conidiobolus isolates on solid media extrazellulare enzymaktivitaten bei Basidiobolus und condiobolus isolaten auf festen medien
Mycoses, 2009Co-Authors: Josefine I Okafor, D Testratke, Harish C Gugnani, B G YangooAbstract:Summary: Fifty-seven isolates of Basidiobolus from reptiles and amphibians, and 7 other obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) in Maryland were studied for their extracellular enzyme activities on solid media. The Conidiobolus isolates studied included 4 recovered from Nigerian soil and additional 4 obtained from the ATCC All these isolates produced active extracellular lipase and protease and failed to exhibit amylase, deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease activities. The significance of the findings is discussed. Zusammenfassung: Funfundsiebzig Basidiobolus-Isolate aus Reptilien und Amphibien und sieben weitere aus der American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) in Maryland wurden auf Aktivtaten extrazellularer Enzyme auf festen Medien untersucht Die untersuchten Conidiobolus-Isolate schlossen vier aus nigerianischen Boden und vier weitere aus der ATCC ein. Alle Isolate zeigten extrazellular Lipase- und Proteaseaktivitat Amylase-, Desoxyribonuclease- und Ribonucleaseaktivitat war jedoch nicht nachzuweisen. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird diskutiert.
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Extracellular enzyme activities by Basidiobolus and Conidiobolus isolates on solid media.
Mykosen, 2009Co-Authors: Josefine I Okafor, D Testratke, Harish C Gugnani, B G YangooAbstract:Summary: Fifty-seven isolates of Basidiobolus from reptiles and amphibians, and 7 other obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) in Maryland were studied for their extracellular enzyme activities on solid media. The Conidiobolus isolates studied included 4 recovered from Nigerian soil and additional 4 obtained from the ATCC All these isolates produced active extracellular lipase and protease and failed to exhibit amylase, deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease activities. The significance of the findings is discussed. Zusammenfassung: Funfundsiebzig Basidiobolus-Isolate aus Reptilien und Amphibien und sieben weitere aus der American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) in Maryland wurden auf Aktivtaten extrazellularer Enzyme auf festen Medien untersucht Die untersuchten Conidiobolus-Isolate schlossen vier aus nigerianischen Boden und vier weitere aus der ATCC ein. Alle Isolate zeigten extrazellular Lipase- und Proteaseaktivitat Amylase-, Desoxyribonuclease- und Ribonucleaseaktivitat war jedoch nicht nachzuweisen. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird diskutiert.
Phillip A. Pizzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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invasive zygomycosis due to conidiobolus incongruus
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1994Co-Authors: Thomas J. Walsh, Gary Renshaw, Janet Andrews, June Kwonchung, Robert C Cunnion, Jeffery K Taubenberger, Harvey I. Pass, Wyndham H Wilson, Phillip A. PizzoAbstract:During the past decade, an increasing spectrum of pathogenic Zygomycetes fungi have caused infections in humans. The preponderance of these deeply invasive infections have been caused by members of the order Mucorales. However, deeply invasive zygomycoses due to genera of the order Entomophthorales (Conidiobolus species and Basidiobolus species) have seldom been reported. We describe a granulocytopenic patient with pulmonary and pericardial zygomycosis due to Conidiobolus incongruus, describe this organism's susceptibility to antifungal agents, characterize its diagnostic microbiological characteristics, and review previously reported cases of deeply invasive zygomycosis due to Conidiobolis species