The Experts below are selected from a list of 264 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karl B Mcknight - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Amatoxin and phallotoxin concentration in Amanita bisporigera spores
Mycologia, 2010Co-Authors: Tristan Alexander Mcknight, Karl B Mcknight, Matthew SkeelsAbstract:Even though amatoxins and phallotoxins have been well characterized in Basidiocarps of Amanita species, to our knowledge no report of these toxins in spores of Amanitas has been published. Reversed phase HPLC was used to determine non-zero concentrations of α-amanitin (0.30 mg/g), and phallacidin (0.02 mg/g) in spores taken from white Amanita sect. phalloideae species. We did not find significant amounts of phalloidin in Amanita spores. We also report concentrations of these toxins from pileus and stipe tissues that are similar to previously reported values, lending support to the hypothesis that toxin concentrations in spores are much less than in other Basidiocarp tissues.
-
evolution of flammulina velutipes Basidiocarp size with respect to relative humidity
Mycologia, 1992Co-Authors: Karl B McknightAbstract:Populations ofFlammulina velutipes adapted to drier environments produce Basidiocarps that emerge from their substrate with pilei and stipes 24% broader and pilei 19% thicker than the Basidiocarps of populations of the same species adapted to wetter environments. The dry-tolerant isolates had more surface area exposed to evaporative loss, a higher percentage of water in their tissues, and a larger initial water allocation. Both wet-specialist and dry-tolerant population isolates are genetically programmed for large ultimate size under saturated water conditions; however, under water stress conditions, expanding and thickening the pileus too late reduces spore production fivefold for the wet-specialist populations.
-
effect of low humidity on spore production and Basidiocarp longevity among selected isolates of flammulina velutipes
Mycologia, 1990Co-Authors: Karl B McknightAbstract:Measurements were made of Basidiocarp longevity and spore production of 10 isolates of Flammulina velutipes matured at 80% and 100% relative humidity. Basidiocarp longevity was positively correlated with spore production at 80% and 100% relative humidity (RH). Two groups among the ten isolates studied could be distinguished on the basis of spore production and Basidiocarp longevity at 80% and 100% RH. Dry-tolerant isolates produced more spores at 80% RH than the wet-specialist isolates. Drytolerant isolates produced as many spores as wet-specialist isolates at 100% RH. At 100% RH, basidio? carp longevities for wet-specialist isolates did not differ from the Basidiocarp longevities of dry-tolerant isolates. At 80% RH, however, dry-tolerant isolates had Basidiocarps lasting on average almost three days longer than those of the wet-specialist isolates.
Gerardo Lucio Robledo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
positive relationship between wood size and Basidiocarp production of polypore fungi in alnus acuminata forest
Fungal Ecology, 2009Co-Authors: Carlos Urcelay, Gerardo Lucio RobledoAbstract:Abstract Polypores play a major role in wood decomposition. Based on presence/absence of Basidiocarps, it has been shown that richness of polypores in forests is strongly affected by the size of logs. However, no study has addressed the relationship between the log size and Basidiocarp production. Here, we examined the relationship between log diameter and number of Basidiocarps and volume of the fructification (as surrogate of biomass) of the polypore community in Andean Alder forests from Northwest Argentina. We found a positive relationship between log diameter and Basidiocarp production in the whole community analysis (fructifications of all species). This pattern was also followed by dominant species ( Bjerkandera adusta , Trametes cubensis and T. versicolor ) analyzed individually. The relationship was generally higher for volume of fructification than for number of Basidiocarps. Through these effects on Basidiocarp production, higher log diameter could promote higher sexual spore production and dispersal hence a higher genetic variability and viable populations of wood-decay species.
Patinjareveettil Manimohan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Leucoagaricus callainitinctus—a new species of Leucoagaricus section Piloselli (Agaricaceae) from tropical India
Phytotaxa, 2020Co-Authors: K. P. Deepna Latha, Patinjareveettil ManimohanAbstract:An interesting species of lepiotaceous fungi, Leucoagaricus callainitinctus sp. nov., is described from Kerala State, India based on morphology and molecular phylogeny. This species is distinguished by Basidiocarps that turn dark turquoise on bruising/handling or reacting with NH4OH. A phylogenetic study was conducted based on Maximum likelihood analysis of nrITS sequences. In the phylogram, the new species nested as a distinct lineage in a group, which consisted predominantly of members of section Piloselli of the genus Leucoagaricus. A comprehensive description, photographs of the Basidiocarps and the microscopic structures, comparisons with phenetically similar and phylogenetically related species and a phylogram showing the placement of the new species are provided.
-
Anupama: a new genus of Biannulariaceae (Agaricales) from tropical India
Mycological Progress, 2019Co-Authors: K. P. Deepna Latha, K. Markose Leelavathy, Patinjareveettil ManimohanAbstract:Anupama gen. nov. is described from the Kerala State of India with a single species, Anupama indica sp. nov. In the field, Anupama can be characterized by its small to medium-sized, tricholomatoid Basidiocarps lacking veils of any kind and growing on the soil, a brownish pileus with a glabrous, somewhat waxy surface, crowded, sinuate lamellae, and a solid, orange-gray stipe tapering towards the base. The diagnostic microscopic features include hyaline, smooth, inamyloid basidiospores, abundant cheilocystidia and scarce pleurocystidia, subregular lamellar trama, a cutis-type pileipellis, and clamped hyphae. The multigene phylogenetic analyses based on two independent data matrices revealed the taxonomic position of Anupama within the Biannulariaceae, in which it formed a lineage distinct from other genera. A taxonomic description, photographs of the Basidiocarps in their natural habitat and the microscopic structures, comparisons with phenetically and phylogenetically related genera of the family, phylograms showing the placement of the new genus, and a key to the genera of the family are provided.
Jose Ruizherrera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
analysis of the photoreceptors involved in the light depending Basidiocarp formation in ustilago maydis
Archives of Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Jose Alejandro Sanchezarreguin, Claudia G Leonramirez, Jose Luis Cabreraponce, Martin Orlando Camargoescalante, Jose RuizherreraAbstract:We have described that formation of Basidiocarps by Ustilago maydis requires illumination. In the current research, we have proceeded to analyze what kind of light receptors are involved in this phenomenon. Accordingly, we investigated whether the homologues of the White Collar (WC), and the phytochrome (PHY) genes played a role in this process. Mutants deficient in either one of the three U. maydis WC homologue genes (WCO1a, WCO1b, WCO2), or the phytochrome-encoding the PHY gene were obtained. Phenotypic analysis of the mutants showed that ∆wco1a mutants formed similar numbers of Basidiocarps than wild-type strain, whereas ∆wco1b mutants were severely affected in Basidiocarp formation when illuminated with white, blue or red light. ∆wco2 and ∆phy1 mutants did not form Basidiocarps under any illumination condition. These data indicate that Wco1a is the main blue light receptor, and Wco1b may operate as a secondary blue light receptor; Phy1 is the red light receptor, and Wco2 the transcription factor that controls the photo stimulation of the genes involved in the formation of fruiting bodies. It is suggested that effectiveness of the light receptors depends on the whole structure of the complex, possibly, because their association is necessary to maintain their functional structure.
-
transcriptomic analysis of Basidiocarp development in ustilago maydis dc cda
Fungal Genetics and Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Claudia G Leonramirez, Jose Luis Cabreraponce, Domingo Martinezsoto, A Sanchezarreguin, Elva T Arechigacarvajal, Jose RuizherreraAbstract:Previously, we demonstrated that when Ustilago maydis (DC) Cda., a phytopathogenic basidiomycete and the causal agent of corn smut, is grown in the vicinity of maize embryogenic calli in a medium supplemented with the herbicide Dicamba, it developed gastroid-like Basidiocarps. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the Basidiocarp development by the fungus, we proceeded to analyze the transcriptome of the process, identifying a total of 2002 and 1064 differentially expressed genes at two developmental stages, young and mature Basidiocarps, respectively. Function of these genes was analyzed with the use of different databases. MIPS analysis revealed that in the stage of young Basidiocarp, among the ca. two thousand differentially expressed genes, there were some previously described for Basidiocarp development in other fungal species. Additional elements that operated at this stage included, among others, genes encoding the transcription factors FOXO3, MIG3, PRO1, TEC1, copper and MFS transporters, and cytochromes P450. During mature Basidiocarp development, important up-regulated genes included those encoding hydrophobins, laccases, and ferric reductase (FRE/NOX). The demonstration that a mapkk mutant was unable to form Basidiocarps, indicated the importance of the MAPK signaling pathway in this developmental process.
Carlos Urcelay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
positive relationship between wood size and Basidiocarp production of polypore fungi in alnus acuminata forest
Fungal Ecology, 2009Co-Authors: Carlos Urcelay, Gerardo Lucio RobledoAbstract:Abstract Polypores play a major role in wood decomposition. Based on presence/absence of Basidiocarps, it has been shown that richness of polypores in forests is strongly affected by the size of logs. However, no study has addressed the relationship between the log size and Basidiocarp production. Here, we examined the relationship between log diameter and number of Basidiocarps and volume of the fructification (as surrogate of biomass) of the polypore community in Andean Alder forests from Northwest Argentina. We found a positive relationship between log diameter and Basidiocarp production in the whole community analysis (fructifications of all species). This pattern was also followed by dominant species ( Bjerkandera adusta , Trametes cubensis and T. versicolor ) analyzed individually. The relationship was generally higher for volume of fructification than for number of Basidiocarps. Through these effects on Basidiocarp production, higher log diameter could promote higher sexual spore production and dispersal hence a higher genetic variability and viable populations of wood-decay species.
