The Experts below are selected from a list of 54588 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Florica Doroftei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of electron Beam Irradiation on the mechanical thermal and surface properties of some epdm butyl rubber composites
    Polymers, 2018
    Co-Authors: Maria Daniela Stelescu, Anto Airinei, Elena Manaila, Nicuso Fifere, Cristia Varganici, Daniela Pamfil, Gabriela Craciun, Florica Doroftei
    Abstract:

    The effects of electron Beam Irradiation on the properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/butyl rubber composites in presence of a polyfunctional monomer were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), and mechanical and surface energy measurements. The samples were exposed over a wide range of Irradiation doses (20⁻150 kGy). The EPDM matrix was modified with butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, and bromobutyl rubber. The gel content and crosslink density were found to increase with the electron Beam Irradiation dose. The values of the hardness and modulus increased gradually with the Irradiation dose, while the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing Irradiation dose. The EPDM/butyl rubber composites presented a higher thermal stability compared to the initial EPDM sample. The incorporation of butyl rubbers into the EPDM matrix led to an increase in material hydrophobicity. A similar trend was observed when the Irradiation dose increased. The greatest change in the surface free energy and the contact angles occurs at an Irradiation dose of 20 kGy. The Charlesby⁻Pinner plots prove the tendency to crosslinking as the Irradiation dose increases.

  • Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Surface Properties of Some EPDM/Butyl Rubber Composites
    MDPI AG, 2018
    Co-Authors: Maria Daniela Stelescu, Anto Airinei, Elena Manaila, Gabriela Craciu, Nicuso Fifere, Cristia Varganici, Daniela Pamfil, Florica Doroftei
    Abstract:

    The effects of electron Beam Irradiation on the properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/butyl rubber composites in presence of a polyfunctional monomer were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), and mechanical and surface energy measurements. The samples were exposed over a wide range of Irradiation doses (20⁻150 kGy). The EPDM matrix was modified with butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, and bromobutyl rubber. The gel content and crosslink density were found to increase with the electron Beam Irradiation dose. The values of the hardness and modulus increased gradually with the Irradiation dose, while the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing Irradiation dose. The EPDM/butyl rubber composites presented a higher thermal stability compared to the initial EPDM sample. The incorporation of butyl rubbers into the EPDM matrix led to an increase in material hydrophobicity. A similar trend was observed when the Irradiation dose increased. The greatest change in the surface free energy and the contact angles occurs at an Irradiation dose of 20 kGy. The Charlesby⁻Pinner plots prove the tendency to crosslinking as the Irradiation dose increases

Tomoko Abe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comprehensive identification of mutations induced by heavy ion Beam Irradiation in arabidopsis thaliana
    Plant Journal, 2015
    Co-Authors: Tomonari Hirano, Yusuke Kazama, Kotaro Ishii, Sumie Ohbu, Yuki Shirakawa, Tomoko Abe
    Abstract:

    Summary Heavy-ion Beams are widely used for mutation breeding and molecular biology. Although the mutagenic effects of heavy-ion Beam Irradiation have been characterized by sequence analysis of some restricted chromosomal regions or loci, there have been no evaluations at the whole-genome level or of the detailed genomic rearrangements in the mutant genomes. In this study, using array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and resequencing, we comprehensively characterized the mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana genomes irradiated with Ar or Fe ions. We subsequently used this information to investigate the mutagenic effects of the heavy-ion Beams. Array-CGH demonstrated that the average number of deleted areas per genome were 1.9 and 3.7 following Ar-ion and Fe-ion Irradiation, respectively, with deletion sizes ranging from 149 to 602 180 bp; 81% of the deletions were accompanied by genomic rearrangements. To provide a further detailed analysis, the genomes of the mutants induced by Ar-ion Beam Irradiation were resequenced, and total mutations, including base substitutions, duplications, in/dels, inversions, and translocations, were detected using three algorithms. All three resequenced mutants had genomic rearrangements. Of the 22 DNA fragments that contributed to the rearrangements, 19 fragments were responsible for the intrachromosomal rearrangements, and multiple rearrangements were formed in the localized regions of the chromosomes. The interchromosomal rearrangements were detected in the multiply rearranged regions. These results indicate that the heavy-ion Beams led to clustered DNA damage in the chromosome, and that they have great potential to induce complicated intrachromosomal rearrangements. Heavy-ion Beams will prove useful as unique mutagens for plant breeding and the establishment of mutant lines.

  • biological effects of heavy ion Beam Irradiation on cyclamen
    Plant Biotechnology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Masao Sugiyama, Teruhiko Terakawa, Hiroyuki Saito, Hiroyuki Ichida, Yoriko Hayashi, Hiromichi Ryuto, Nobuhisa Fukunishi, Tomoko Abe
    Abstract:

    The biological effects of heavy-ion Beam Irradiation on cultured tissues of cyclamen were investigated by establishing an Irradiation-mediated mutation breeding protocol for producing a new variety of cyclamen. Initially, a callus, a somatic embryo, and a plantlet were irradiated with 12 C 6� ion Beam at doses of 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 Gy. Distinct mutants were not obtained in plants regenerated from the irradiated cultured materials. Next, we used the tuber of cyclamen as a target for Irradiation. Irradiation (8-16 Gy) of 8-15 mm diameter tubers produced male sterility, change in petal colour, and petal form. Mutation induction by heavy-ion Beam Irradiation to the tuber is useful for changing flower characteristics of cyclamen.

Yoshitake Nishi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Masahiro Nishihara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • biological effects of ion Beam Irradiation on perennial gentian and apple
    Plant Biotechnology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Nobuhiro Sasaki, Nobue Hoshi, Aiko Watanabe, Tomonori Asakawa, Makoto Sasaki, Zenbi Naito, Yoshiya Furusawa, Takashi Shimokawa, Masahiro Nishihara
    Abstract:

    The development of new varieties of perennial plants generally requires lengthy and laborious procedures. In this study, we used ion Beam Irradiation mutagenesis in an attempt to accelerate the breeding process for perennial plants. We evaluated the biological effects of five ion Beam sources (carbon, neon, argon, silicon, and iron) and neutron Irradiation on Japanese gentian and apple. These treatments were applied at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) using the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) and the Neutron-exposure Accelerator System for Biological Effect Experiments (NASBEE). Biological effects were observed in in vitro gentian plants after Irradiation with ion Beams at <10 Gy, whereas apple trees were less sensitive to ion Beam Irradiation. The growth of gentians in vitro was repressed by 3 Gy neutron Irradiation, while that of grafted apple trees was not affected by 4 Gy neutron Irradiation. During in vitro proliferation, seven pink-flowered lines were obtained from originally blue-flowered gentian after C and Ne ion Beam Irradiation treatments. Genomic and reverse transcription-PCR analyses of these lines suggested that the mutations occurred in the genomic region containing F3'5'H (encoding flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase). These results provide useful information for the mutagenesis and breeding of gentian, apple, and other perennial plants.

Maria Daniela Stelescu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of electron Beam Irradiation on the mechanical thermal and surface properties of some epdm butyl rubber composites
    Polymers, 2018
    Co-Authors: Maria Daniela Stelescu, Anto Airinei, Elena Manaila, Nicuso Fifere, Cristia Varganici, Daniela Pamfil, Gabriela Craciun, Florica Doroftei
    Abstract:

    The effects of electron Beam Irradiation on the properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/butyl rubber composites in presence of a polyfunctional monomer were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), and mechanical and surface energy measurements. The samples were exposed over a wide range of Irradiation doses (20⁻150 kGy). The EPDM matrix was modified with butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, and bromobutyl rubber. The gel content and crosslink density were found to increase with the electron Beam Irradiation dose. The values of the hardness and modulus increased gradually with the Irradiation dose, while the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing Irradiation dose. The EPDM/butyl rubber composites presented a higher thermal stability compared to the initial EPDM sample. The incorporation of butyl rubbers into the EPDM matrix led to an increase in material hydrophobicity. A similar trend was observed when the Irradiation dose increased. The greatest change in the surface free energy and the contact angles occurs at an Irradiation dose of 20 kGy. The Charlesby⁻Pinner plots prove the tendency to crosslinking as the Irradiation dose increases.

  • Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Surface Properties of Some EPDM/Butyl Rubber Composites
    MDPI AG, 2018
    Co-Authors: Maria Daniela Stelescu, Anto Airinei, Elena Manaila, Gabriela Craciu, Nicuso Fifere, Cristia Varganici, Daniela Pamfil, Florica Doroftei
    Abstract:

    The effects of electron Beam Irradiation on the properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/butyl rubber composites in presence of a polyfunctional monomer were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), and mechanical and surface energy measurements. The samples were exposed over a wide range of Irradiation doses (20⁻150 kGy). The EPDM matrix was modified with butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber, and bromobutyl rubber. The gel content and crosslink density were found to increase with the electron Beam Irradiation dose. The values of the hardness and modulus increased gradually with the Irradiation dose, while the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing Irradiation dose. The EPDM/butyl rubber composites presented a higher thermal stability compared to the initial EPDM sample. The incorporation of butyl rubbers into the EPDM matrix led to an increase in material hydrophobicity. A similar trend was observed when the Irradiation dose increased. The greatest change in the surface free energy and the contact angles occurs at an Irradiation dose of 20 kGy. The Charlesby⁻Pinner plots prove the tendency to crosslinking as the Irradiation dose increases

  • Research Article New Green Polymeric Composites Based on Hemp and Natural Rubber Processed by Electron Beam Irradiation
    2016
    Co-Authors: Maria Daniela Stelescu, Elena Manaila, Gabriela Craciun, Maria Dumitrascu
    Abstract:

    Copyright © 2014 Maria-Daniela Stelescu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A new polymeric composite based on natural rubber reinforced with hemp has been processed by electron Beam Irradiation and characterized by several methods.Themechanical characteristics: gel fraction, crosslink density, water uptake, swelling parameters, and FTIR of natural rubber/hemp fiber composites have been investigated as a function of the hemp content and absorbed dose. Physical andmechanical properties present a significant improvement as a result of adding hemp fibres in blends. Our experiments showed that the hemp fibers have a reinforcing effect on natural rubber similar to mineral fillers (chalk, carbon black, silica). The crosslinking rates of samples, measured using the Flory-Rehner equation, increase as a result of the amount of hemp in blends and the electron Beam Irradiation dose increasing. The swelling parameters of samples significantly depend on the amount of hemp in blends, because the latter have hydrophilic characteristics. 1