The Experts below are selected from a list of 124842 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Silvia Dorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees: Implications for Bee conservation and the evolution of Bee–flower relationships
    Biological Conservation, 2006
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller, Stefan Diener, Simone Schnyder, Katharina Stutz, Claudio Sedivy, Silvia Dorn
    Abstract:

    Abstract Knowledge about the quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees is crucial for the preservation of endangered Bee species and the understanding of the evolution of Bee–flower relationships. We estimate the number of flowers required to rear a single larva for 41 European Bee species (i) by comparing the pollen content of brood cells with the pollen quantity contained in the flowers of the Bees’ host plants and (ii) by deducing the pollen requirements from a regression model describing the relationship between the average Bee dry body mass and the average brood cell pollen content. The flower requirements of the Bee species examined vary by three orders of magnitude. Depending on both Bee species and host plant, from seven to 1100 flowers or from 0.9 to 4.5 flower heads are needed to rear a single larva. As only about 40% of the pollen contained in a flower was found to be available to a single female Bee, these minimal figures have to be multiplied by a factor of approximately 2.5 to obtain a realistic estimate of Bee flower requirements. The amount of pollen lost from flowers for Bee nutrition is surprisingly high. We hypothesize that the recent decline of many Bee species may have its main cause in a food shortage provoked by a decrease in flower diversity and quantity following habitat destruction and modern agricultural practices. The substantial pollen losses to Bees as documented in this study support earlier findings on floral adaptations against excessive pollen harvesting by Bees.

  • quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees implications for Bee conservation and the evolution of Bee flower relationships
    Biological Conservation, 2006
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller, Stefan Diener, Simone Schnyder, Katharina Stutz, Claudio Sedivy, Silvia Dorn
    Abstract:

    Abstract Knowledge about the quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees is crucial for the preservation of endangered Bee species and the understanding of the evolution of Bee–flower relationships. We estimate the number of flowers required to rear a single larva for 41 European Bee species (i) by comparing the pollen content of brood cells with the pollen quantity contained in the flowers of the Bees’ host plants and (ii) by deducing the pollen requirements from a regression model describing the relationship between the average Bee dry body mass and the average brood cell pollen content. The flower requirements of the Bee species examined vary by three orders of magnitude. Depending on both Bee species and host plant, from seven to 1100 flowers or from 0.9 to 4.5 flower heads are needed to rear a single larva. As only about 40% of the pollen contained in a flower was found to be available to a single female Bee, these minimal figures have to be multiplied by a factor of approximately 2.5 to obtain a realistic estimate of Bee flower requirements. The amount of pollen lost from flowers for Bee nutrition is surprisingly high. We hypothesize that the recent decline of many Bee species may have its main cause in a food shortage provoked by a decrease in flower diversity and quantity following habitat destruction and modern agricultural practices. The substantial pollen losses to Bees as documented in this study support earlier findings on floral adaptations against excessive pollen harvesting by Bees.

Bee Propolis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jurgen Tautz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mapping sleeping Bees within their nest spatial and temporal analysis of worker honey Bee sleep
    PLOS ONE, 2014
    Co-Authors: Barrett A Klein, Martin Stiegler, Arno Klein, Jurgen Tautz
    Abstract:

    Patterns of behavior within societies have long Been visualized and interpreted using maps. Mapping the occurrence of sleep across individuals within a society could offer clues as to functional aspects of sleep. In spite of this, a detailed spatial analysis of sleep has never Been conducted on an invertebrate society. We introduce the concept of mapping sleep across an insect society, and provide an empirical example, mapping sleep patterns within colonies of European honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.). Honey Bees face variables such as temperature and position of resources within their colony's nest that may impact their sleep. We mapped sleep behavior and temperature of worker Bees and produced maps of their nest's comb contents as the colony grew and contents changed. By following marked Bees, we discovered that individuals slept in many locations, but Bees of different worker castes slept in different areas of the nest relative to position of the brood and surrounding temperature. Older worker Bees generally slept outside cells, closer to the perimeter of the nest, in colder regions, and away from uncapped brood. Younger worker Bees generally slept inside cells and closer to the center of the nest, and spent more time asleep than awake when surrounded by uncapped brood. The average surface temperature of sleeping foragers was lower than the surface temperature of their surroundings, offering a possible indicator of sleep for this caste. We propose mechanisms that could generate caste-dependent sleep patterns and discuss functional significance of these patterns.

Andreas Müller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees: Implications for Bee conservation and the evolution of Bee–flower relationships
    Biological Conservation, 2006
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller, Stefan Diener, Simone Schnyder, Katharina Stutz, Claudio Sedivy, Silvia Dorn
    Abstract:

    Abstract Knowledge about the quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees is crucial for the preservation of endangered Bee species and the understanding of the evolution of Bee–flower relationships. We estimate the number of flowers required to rear a single larva for 41 European Bee species (i) by comparing the pollen content of brood cells with the pollen quantity contained in the flowers of the Bees’ host plants and (ii) by deducing the pollen requirements from a regression model describing the relationship between the average Bee dry body mass and the average brood cell pollen content. The flower requirements of the Bee species examined vary by three orders of magnitude. Depending on both Bee species and host plant, from seven to 1100 flowers or from 0.9 to 4.5 flower heads are needed to rear a single larva. As only about 40% of the pollen contained in a flower was found to be available to a single female Bee, these minimal figures have to be multiplied by a factor of approximately 2.5 to obtain a realistic estimate of Bee flower requirements. The amount of pollen lost from flowers for Bee nutrition is surprisingly high. We hypothesize that the recent decline of many Bee species may have its main cause in a food shortage provoked by a decrease in flower diversity and quantity following habitat destruction and modern agricultural practices. The substantial pollen losses to Bees as documented in this study support earlier findings on floral adaptations against excessive pollen harvesting by Bees.

  • quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees implications for Bee conservation and the evolution of Bee flower relationships
    Biological Conservation, 2006
    Co-Authors: Andreas Müller, Stefan Diener, Simone Schnyder, Katharina Stutz, Claudio Sedivy, Silvia Dorn
    Abstract:

    Abstract Knowledge about the quantitative pollen requirements of solitary Bees is crucial for the preservation of endangered Bee species and the understanding of the evolution of Bee–flower relationships. We estimate the number of flowers required to rear a single larva for 41 European Bee species (i) by comparing the pollen content of brood cells with the pollen quantity contained in the flowers of the Bees’ host plants and (ii) by deducing the pollen requirements from a regression model describing the relationship between the average Bee dry body mass and the average brood cell pollen content. The flower requirements of the Bee species examined vary by three orders of magnitude. Depending on both Bee species and host plant, from seven to 1100 flowers or from 0.9 to 4.5 flower heads are needed to rear a single larva. As only about 40% of the pollen contained in a flower was found to be available to a single female Bee, these minimal figures have to be multiplied by a factor of approximately 2.5 to obtain a realistic estimate of Bee flower requirements. The amount of pollen lost from flowers for Bee nutrition is surprisingly high. We hypothesize that the recent decline of many Bee species may have its main cause in a food shortage provoked by a decrease in flower diversity and quantity following habitat destruction and modern agricultural practices. The substantial pollen losses to Bees as documented in this study support earlier findings on floral adaptations against excessive pollen harvesting by Bees.

Robert J. Paxton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Managed honey Bees as a radar for wild Bee decline?
    Apidologie, 2020
    Co-Authors: T. J. Wood, Robert J. Paxton, D. Michez, M. Drossart, P. Neumann, M. Gérard, M. Vanderplanck, A. Barraud, B. Martinet, N. Leclercq
    Abstract:

    Wild and managed Bees are essential for global food security and the maintenance of biodiversity. At present, the conservation of wild Bees is hampered by a huge shortfall in knowledge about the trends and status of individual species mainly due to their large diversity and variation in life histories. In contrast, the managed Western honey Bee Apis mellifera is one of the best studied and monitored insects in existence. Since similar drivers may be relevant for the decline of wild Bees and losses of managed honey Bees, this raises the possibility that monitoring of honey Bees may help to detect threatened regions for wild Bees, thereby fostering urgently required conservation measures. However, this possible relationship has not yet Been explicitly tested for. Moreover, research currently focused on honey Bees as a model species may yield important insights into wild insect susceptibility to stressors and vice versa. Here we use the Bees of Europe as a model to show that managed honey Bees are not suitable surrogates for detecting declines in wild Bees. A direct comparison of the response of wild Bees and honey Bees to the same threats (nutritional deficiencies, parasites and pathogens, pesticides, and a changing climate) shows that, whilst some of their responses may be similar at the individual level, when considered at the reproductive level (individuals versus colonies), many of their responses diverge. These results reinforce the need for basic research into wild Bee biology, the need for national monitoring schemes for wild Bee populations, and the call for conservation actions tailored to the individual ecologies of wild Bee species.

  • Impact of managed honey Bee viruses on wild Bees
    Current Opinion in Virology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Anja Tehel, Mark J. F. Brown, Robert J. Paxton
    Abstract:

    Several viruses found in the Western honey Bee (Apis mellifera) have recently Been detected in other Bee species, raising the possibility of spill-over from managed to wild Bee species. Alternatively, these viruses may be shared generalists across flower-visiting insects. Here we explore the former hypothesis, pointing out weaknesses in the current evidence, particularly in relation to deformed wing virus (DWV), and highlighting research areas that may help test it. Data so far suggest that DWV spills over from managed to wild Bee species and has the potential to cause population decline. That DWV and other viruses of A. mellifera are found in other Bee species needs to be considered for the sustainable management of Bee populations.