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G F Birch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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deepwater ocean outfalls a sustainable solution for sewage discharge for mega coastal cities sydney australia influence of deepwater ocean outfalls on shelf Benthic Infauna
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2019Co-Authors: C H Besley, G F BirchAbstract:In the early 1990s, a cliff-face disposal-system discharging approximately 940 ML/day, or 80% of sewage generated by the City of Sydney (Australia) (population 3.3 million) was replaced by three deepwater ocean outfalls. An 18-year Benthic Infauna monitoring study was undertaken to address earlier concerns of long-term accumulation from sewage discharges and potential adverse effects on the marine environment. Assessment of outfall community structure indicated organic input from discharges has not resulted in sediment anoxia. The current post-commissioning investigation detected a gradual change in community structure from north to south in the study area, which was also displayed in taxonomic turnover south of the Malabar outfall. Temporal fluctuation in community structure detected at the three outfall and three reference locations in the current study was also noted in the pre-commissioning study at these locations. Evidence provided by this study indicated the Sydney deepwater ocean outfalls do not cause significant ecological impact.
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deepwater ocean outfalls a sustainable solution for sewage discharge for mega coastal cities sydney australia a synthesis
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2019Co-Authors: C H Besley, G F BirchAbstract:Abstract In 1990–91 three deepwater ocean outfalls replaced three cliff-face outfalls discharging approximately 940 ML/day, or 80% of sewage generated by the City of Sydney (Australia) (population 3.3 million). Operation of these outfalls was assessed for the first two years and performed well, mitigating most of the environmental problems previously experienced from shoreline discharge. However, a concern remained for the unknown long-term effects on the marine environment. The current series of articles examine over 20 years of monitoring, for possible accumulative effects. Oceanographic modelling provided an understanding of particle settling, dispersion and distribution of discharged wastewater and monitoring assessed potential impact of offshore discharges on beach bathing water quality, sediment chemistry and Benthic Infauna. These four articles demonstrate that properly designed ocean outfalls are a viable, sustainable solution to sewage disposal for mega-coastal cities, however, continued monitoring is required to assess possible long-term environmental degradation.
C H Besley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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deepwater ocean outfalls a sustainable solution for sewage discharge for mega coastal cities sydney australia influence of deepwater ocean outfalls on shelf Benthic Infauna
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2019Co-Authors: C H Besley, G F BirchAbstract:In the early 1990s, a cliff-face disposal-system discharging approximately 940 ML/day, or 80% of sewage generated by the City of Sydney (Australia) (population 3.3 million) was replaced by three deepwater ocean outfalls. An 18-year Benthic Infauna monitoring study was undertaken to address earlier concerns of long-term accumulation from sewage discharges and potential adverse effects on the marine environment. Assessment of outfall community structure indicated organic input from discharges has not resulted in sediment anoxia. The current post-commissioning investigation detected a gradual change in community structure from north to south in the study area, which was also displayed in taxonomic turnover south of the Malabar outfall. Temporal fluctuation in community structure detected at the three outfall and three reference locations in the current study was also noted in the pre-commissioning study at these locations. Evidence provided by this study indicated the Sydney deepwater ocean outfalls do not cause significant ecological impact.
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deepwater ocean outfalls a sustainable solution for sewage discharge for mega coastal cities sydney australia a synthesis
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2019Co-Authors: C H Besley, G F BirchAbstract:Abstract In 1990–91 three deepwater ocean outfalls replaced three cliff-face outfalls discharging approximately 940 ML/day, or 80% of sewage generated by the City of Sydney (Australia) (population 3.3 million). Operation of these outfalls was assessed for the first two years and performed well, mitigating most of the environmental problems previously experienced from shoreline discharge. However, a concern remained for the unknown long-term effects on the marine environment. The current series of articles examine over 20 years of monitoring, for possible accumulative effects. Oceanographic modelling provided an understanding of particle settling, dispersion and distribution of discharged wastewater and monitoring assessed potential impact of offshore discharges on beach bathing water quality, sediment chemistry and Benthic Infauna. These four articles demonstrate that properly designed ocean outfalls are a viable, sustainable solution to sewage disposal for mega-coastal cities, however, continued monitoring is required to assess possible long-term environmental degradation.
Darren M. Parsons - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Table_1_Benthic Structure and Pelagic Food Sources Determine Post-settlement Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) Abundance.XLSX
2018Co-Authors: Andrew Martin Lohrer, Lisa D. Mccartain, Dane Buckthought, Iain Macdonald, Darren M. ParsonsAbstract:Nursery habitats provide increased survival and growth and are a crucial early life-stage component for many fish and invertebrate populations. The biogenic structures that provide this nursery function, however, are increasingly degraded. Therefore, any effort to conserve, restore or replace habitat with artificial structure should be guided by an understanding of the value provided by that nursery habitat. Here, we experimentally manipulated structure across a number of sites by inserting pinnind bivalve mimics into the seabed and deploying video cameras to observe the response of post-settlement stage snapper, Chrysophrys auratus (Forster in Bloch and Schneider 1801). We also collected a range of environmental variables across these sites to determine the relative importance to snapper of Benthic vs. pelagic productivity. While the abundance of snapper was low, our results demonstrated a strong association to structure relative to control plots. The environmental variable with the highest correlation to snapper abundance was the abundance of zooplankton eaten by snapper. This result was well supported by the dominance of zooplankton over small Benthic invertebrates in snapper gut contents, and the weak influence of Benthic Infauna in our regression models. These regressions also demonstrated that when combined with zooplankton abundance, turbidity had a negative relationship to snapper abundance. This highlights the importance of relatively clear water in estuaries, which allows post-settlement snapper to more efficiently consume the zooplankton that are present in the water column. The third component that post-settlement snapper require is of course the presence of Benthic structure. While Benthic habitat structure was the strongest factor affecting juvenile snapper abundance, we did not find any correlations to suggest that this importance was related to energetic sheltering and access to locations with high food flux.
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Benthic Structure and Pelagic Food Sources Determine Post-settlement Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) Abundance
'Frontiers Media SA', 2018Co-Authors: Andrew Martin Lohrer, Lisa D. Mccartain, Dane Buckthought, Iain Macdonald, Darren M. ParsonsAbstract:Nursery habitats provide increased survival and growth and are a crucial early life-stage component for many fish and invertebrate populations. The biogenic structures that provide this nursery function, however, are increasingly degraded. Therefore, any effort to conserve, restore or replace habitat with artificial structure should be guided by an understanding of the value provided by that nursery habitat. Here, we experimentally manipulated structure across a number of sites by inserting pinnind bivalve mimics into the seabed and deploying video cameras to observe the response of post-settlement stage snapper, Chrysophrys auratus (Forster in Bloch and Schneider 1801). We also collected a range of environmental variables across these sites to determine the relative importance to snapper of Benthic vs. pelagic productivity. While the abundance of snapper was low, our results demonstrated a strong association to structure relative to control plots. The environmental variable with the highest correlation to snapper abundance was the abundance of zooplankton eaten by snapper. This result was well supported by the dominance of zooplankton over small Benthic invertebrates in snapper gut contents, and the weak influence of Benthic Infauna in our regression models. These regressions also demonstrated that when combined with zooplankton abundance, turbidity had a negative relationship to snapper abundance. This highlights the importance of relatively clear water in estuaries, which allows post-settlement snapper to more efficiently consume the zooplankton that are present in the water column. The third component that post-settlement snapper require is of course the presence of Benthic structure. While Benthic habitat structure was the strongest factor affecting juvenile snapper abundance, we did not find any correlations to suggest that this importance was related to energetic sheltering and access to locations with high food flux
Yang Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling the temporal dynamics of intertidal Benthic Infauna biomass with environmental factors impact assessment of land reclamation
Science of The Total Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Ye Yang, Ting Fong May Chui, Ping Ping Shen, Yang YangAbstract:Anthropogenic activities such as land reclamation are threatening tidal marshes worldwide. This study's hypothesis is that land reclamation in a semi-enclosed bay alters the seasonal dynamics of intertidal Benthic Infauna, which is a key component in the tidal marsh ecosystem. Mai Po Tidal Marsh, Deep Bay, Pearl River Estuary, China was used as a case study to evaluate the hypothesis. Ecological models that simulate Benthic biomass dynamics with governing environmental factors were developed, and various scenario experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of reclamations. Environmental variables, selected from the areas of hydrodynamics, meteorology, and water quality based on correlation analysis, were used to generate Bayesian regression models for biomass prediction. The best-performing model, which considered average water age (i.e., a hydrodynamic indicator of estuarine circulation) in the previous month, salinity variation (i.e., standard deviation of salinity), and the total sunny period in the current month, captured well both seasonal and yearly trends in the Benthic Infauna observations from 2002 to 2008. This model was then used to simulate biomass dynamics with varying inputs of water age and salinity variation from coastal numerical models of different reclamation scenarios. The simulation results suggest that the reclamation in 2007 decreased the spatial and annual average Benthic Infauna biomass in the tidal marsh by 20%, which agreed with the 28% biomass decrease recorded by field survey. The range of biomass seasonal variation also decreased significantly from 2.1 to 230.5g/m2 (without any reclamation) to 1.2 to 131.1g/m2 (after the 2007 reclamation), which further demonstrates the substantial ecological impact of reclamation. The ecological model developed in this study could simulate seasonal biomass dynamics and evaluate the ecological impact of reclamation projects. It can therefore be applied to evaluate the ecological impact of coastal engineering projects for tidal marsh management, conservation, and restoration.
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Modeling the temporal dynamics of intertidal Benthic Infauna biomass with environmental factors: Impact assessment of land reclamation
'Elsevier BV', 2018Co-Authors: Ye Yang, Yang Yang, Chui, Ting Fong May, Shen, Ping Ping, Gu, Ji DongAbstract:Anthropogenic activities such as land reclamation are threatening tidal marshes worldwide. This study's hypothesis is that land reclamation in a semi-enclosed bay alters the seasonal dynamics of intertidal Benthic Infauna, which is a key component in the tidal marsh ecosystem. Mai Po Tidal Marsh, Deep Bay, Pearl River Estuary, China was used as a case study to evaluate the hypothesis. Ecological models that simulate Benthic biomass dynamics with governing environmental factors were developed, and various scenario experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of reclamations. Environmental variables, selected from the areas of hydrodynamics, meteorology, and water quality based on correlation analysis, were used to generate Bayesian regression models for biomass prediction. The best-performing model, which considered average water age (i.e., a hydrodynamic indicator of estuarine circulation) in the previous month, salinity variation (i.e., standard deviation of salinity), and the total sunny period in the current month, captured well both seasonal and yearly trends in the Benthic Infauna observations from 2002 to 2008. This model was then used to simulate biomass dynamics with varying inputs of water age and salinity variation from coastal numerical models of different reclamation scenarios. The simulation results suggest that the reclamation in 2007 decreased the spatial and annual average Benthic Infauna biomass in the tidal marsh by 20%, which agreed with the 28% biomass decrease recorded by field survey. The range of biomass seasonal variation also decreased significantly from 2.1 to 230.5 g/m(2) (without any reclamation) to 1.2 to 131.1 g/m(2) (after the 2007 reclamation), which further demonstrates the substantial ecological impact of reclamation. The ecological model developed in this study could simulate seasonal biomass dynamics and evaluate the ecological impact of reclamation projects. It can therefore be applied to evaluate the ecological impact of coastal engineering projects for tidal marsh management, conservation, and restoration. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Ping Ping Shen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling the temporal dynamics of intertidal Benthic Infauna biomass with environmental factors impact assessment of land reclamation
Science of The Total Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Ye Yang, Ting Fong May Chui, Ping Ping Shen, Yang YangAbstract:Anthropogenic activities such as land reclamation are threatening tidal marshes worldwide. This study's hypothesis is that land reclamation in a semi-enclosed bay alters the seasonal dynamics of intertidal Benthic Infauna, which is a key component in the tidal marsh ecosystem. Mai Po Tidal Marsh, Deep Bay, Pearl River Estuary, China was used as a case study to evaluate the hypothesis. Ecological models that simulate Benthic biomass dynamics with governing environmental factors were developed, and various scenario experiments were conducted to evaluate the impact of reclamations. Environmental variables, selected from the areas of hydrodynamics, meteorology, and water quality based on correlation analysis, were used to generate Bayesian regression models for biomass prediction. The best-performing model, which considered average water age (i.e., a hydrodynamic indicator of estuarine circulation) in the previous month, salinity variation (i.e., standard deviation of salinity), and the total sunny period in the current month, captured well both seasonal and yearly trends in the Benthic Infauna observations from 2002 to 2008. This model was then used to simulate biomass dynamics with varying inputs of water age and salinity variation from coastal numerical models of different reclamation scenarios. The simulation results suggest that the reclamation in 2007 decreased the spatial and annual average Benthic Infauna biomass in the tidal marsh by 20%, which agreed with the 28% biomass decrease recorded by field survey. The range of biomass seasonal variation also decreased significantly from 2.1 to 230.5g/m2 (without any reclamation) to 1.2 to 131.1g/m2 (after the 2007 reclamation), which further demonstrates the substantial ecological impact of reclamation. The ecological model developed in this study could simulate seasonal biomass dynamics and evaluate the ecological impact of reclamation projects. It can therefore be applied to evaluate the ecological impact of coastal engineering projects for tidal marsh management, conservation, and restoration.
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genetic population structure of polychaeta neanthes glandicincta nereididae of the mai po inner deep bay ramsar site hong kong
Ecotoxicology, 2015Co-Authors: Ping Ping ShenAbstract:Neanthes glandicincta (Nereididae, Poly- chaeta) is the first numerically dominant Benthic Infauna in the Mai Po international Ramsar site, Hong Kong and also an economically important species for food source of birds and fishes. In present study, highly conserved nuclear ri- bosomal DNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) and mitochondrial COI gene were employed to study the population structure of N. glandicincta in the subtropical mudflat. The speci- mens were collected from five localities in February 2006, February-August 2007 and preserved at -80 � C, methanol or formalin, respectively. DNA extraction efficiency was the highest in fresh materials and lowest in formalin-fixed samples. The 18S (1774 bp), 28S D1 (383 bp) and COI genes were sequenced and analyzed. Both 18S and 28S D1 rDNA were highly conserved and showed no difference among the populations, whereas COI gene exhibited relatively high-level intraspecific polymorphism (2.2 %). The population from onshore and near mangrove station was phylogenetic different from other sites, indicating re- stricted gene exchange between the region of river mouth and mangrove forest. The mangrove may form a barrier for the dispersal of pelagic/Benthic larvae of the population, which indicates that the population genetic difference is related to different habitats.