The Experts below are selected from a list of 25266 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kazuhiro Kobayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a convenient synthesis of new types of Benzodiazepine derivatives 2 alkylsulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 benzodiazepin 4 ones and 2 alkyl sulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 Benzodiazepine 4 thiones
Synthesis, 2010Co-Authors: Shuhei Fukamachi, Hisatoshi Konishi, Akihiro Kobayashi, Kazuhiro KobayashiAbstract:An efficient method for preparing 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones and 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thiones under mild conditions has been developed. Thus, 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)acetamides and 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)thioacetamides, easily available from respective 1-isocyano-2-methylbenzenes, were converted into the corresponding isothiocyanates on treatment with sulfur in the presence of a catalytic amount of selenium, which were then reacted with an equimolar amount to sodium hydride to give 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-one and 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thione intermediates, respectively. These intermediates were allowed to react with various alkyl halides to afford the desired benzodiazepinone or Benzodiazepinethione derivatives in a one-pot reaction.
Shuhei Fukamachi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a convenient synthesis of new types of Benzodiazepine derivatives 2 alkylsulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 benzodiazepin 4 ones and 2 alkyl sulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 Benzodiazepine 4 thiones
Synthesis, 2010Co-Authors: Shuhei Fukamachi, Hisatoshi Konishi, Akihiro Kobayashi, Kazuhiro KobayashiAbstract:An efficient method for preparing 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones and 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thiones under mild conditions has been developed. Thus, 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)acetamides and 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)thioacetamides, easily available from respective 1-isocyano-2-methylbenzenes, were converted into the corresponding isothiocyanates on treatment with sulfur in the presence of a catalytic amount of selenium, which were then reacted with an equimolar amount to sodium hydride to give 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-one and 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thione intermediates, respectively. These intermediates were allowed to react with various alkyl halides to afford the desired benzodiazepinone or Benzodiazepinethione derivatives in a one-pot reaction.
Kathryn R Mchugh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Benzodiazepine misuse and cigarette smoking status in us adults results from the national survey on drug use and health 2015 2018
Addictive Behaviors, 2021Co-Authors: Kathryn R Mchugh, Juhan Lee, Ramzi G Salloum, Katie LindstromAbstract:Abstract Background Benzodiazepines are the third most commonly misused drugs in the U.S. population. There is a growing public health concern related to recent increases in Benzodiazepine-related overdose deaths, emergency department visits, and treatment admissions. Although Benzodiazepine misuse often occurs along with other drug use, little is known about the association between Benzodiazepine and cigarette smoking. Methods We used a pooled dataset from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) for 2015–2018 (N = 171,766). We estimated a multivariable logistic regression model of past-year Benzodiazepine misuse as a function of past-year tobacco use (cigarette smoking, other tobacco use), controlling for survey years, sociodemographics, past-year substance use, and psychiatric comorbidities. Results Among the analytic sample (N = 171,766), 2.1% (weighted; unweighted n = 4,942) reported they misused Benzodiazepines in the past 12 months. In the multivariable logistic regression model, correlates of past-year Benzodiazepine misuse were past-year cigarette smoking (aOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.67, 2.06) and other tobacco use (e.g., cigars and smokeless tobacco) (aOR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.34), female (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.26), uninsured (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.42), past-year use of alcohol (aOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.21, 1.80), cannabis (aOR = 2.76, 95% CI = 2.46, 3.10), and other drugs (aOR = 7.92, 95% CI = 7.08, 8.86), as well as, past-year distress (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.61, 2.10), and depressive symptoms (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.51). Conclusion Nicotine is independently associated with Benzodiazepine misuse, even after controlling for other drug use and psychiatric variables. Future studies examining potential mechanisms linking nicotine and Benzodiazepine use are necessary.
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sex differences in Benzodiazepine misuse among adults with substance use disorders
Addictive Behaviors, 2021Co-Authors: Kathryn R Mchugh, Rachel Geyer, Alexandra R Chase, Margaret L Griffin, Olivera Bogunovic, Roger D WeissAbstract:Abstract Women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with anxiety disorders and to be prescribed Benzodiazepines. People with substance use disorders are at a heightened risk for the misuse of Benzodiazepines, yet little is known about sex differences in the prevalence, correlates or patterns of Benzodiazepine misuse in this population. The aim of this study was to characterize sex differences in Benzodiazepine misuse in a sample of adults receiving substance use disorder treatment (N = 352). Almost half of the sample had been prescribed a Benzodiazepine and more than 40% had misused a Benzodiazepine. Women were more likely to have a lifetime prescription than men, but were not more likely to report misuse or regular misuse. Consistent with data for other substances, women were more likely to report misusing Benzodiazepines to cope and reported greater anxiety sensitivity. The vast majority (97%) of participants reported co-use of Benzodiazepines with other substances and 65% of women reporting misusing Benzodiazepines via a non-oral route of administration (e.g., intranasal). Although Benzodiazepine misuse prevalence was not substantively different between men and women, several sex differences in clinical characteristics and patterns of use were identified. Further research on the nature of sex differences in Benzodiazepine misuse is needed to inform targeted treatment for both men and women with substance use disorders.
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Benzodiazepine misuse in adults with alcohol use disorder prevalence motives and patterns of use
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 2020Co-Authors: Kathryn R Mchugh, Margaret L Griffin, Victoria R Votaw, Nadine R Taghian, Roger D WeissAbstract:Abstract Objective Benzodiazepines are among the most commonly misused drugs. Despite the known risks of combining Benzodiazepines and alcohol, little is known about misuse among people with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Our aim was to characterize the prevalence, correlates, and patterns of misuse of Benzodiazepines in adults with AUD. Method Adults receiving treatment for AUD (N = 258) completed a battery of questionnaires. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the prevalence and patterns of misuse and we used logistic regression models to identify correlates of misuse. Results Almost half of the sample reported a history of Benzodiazepine prescription and 30% reported a history of misuse. Younger age, female sex, anxiety, and other substance use were associated with misuse. Coping was the most commonly reported reason for misuse. All participants who had misused a Benzodiazepine in the past year used concurrently with another substance. Conclusions Benzodiazepine misuse was common in this study, and risky patterns of use, such a co-use with other substances, were prevalent. Coping was the most common reason for misusing Benzodiazepines, suggesting that un- or under-treated psychiatric symptoms may contribute to misuse.
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nonmedical Benzodiazepine use in adults with alcohol use disorder the role of anxiety sensitivity and polysubstance use
American Journal on Addictions, 2018Co-Authors: Kathryn R Mchugh, Rachel Geyer, Margaret L Griffin, Roger D Weiss, Sterling L KarakulaAbstract:Background and objectives The nonmedical use of Benzodiazepines-defined as use without a prescription or at a dose or frequency higher than prescribed-is increasing among adults in substance use disorder treatment and is associated with risk for overdose. The aim of the current study was to characterize the prevalence of nonmedical Benzodiazepine use among adults seeking treatment for alcohol use disorder and to examine whether nonmedical Benzodiazepine use was associated with: (1) polysubstance use and (2) greater anxiety sensitivity. Methods A sample of 461 treatment-seeking adults with alcohol use disorder who were recruited for a cross-sectional study were included in this analysis. Results A total of 89 participants (19%) reported nonmedical Benzodiazepine use in the previous 30 days. Results of a logistic regression indicated that polysubstance use (number of substances used in the past month) was associated with nonmedical Benzodiazepine use. The association between anxiety sensitivity and nonmedical Benzodiazepine misuse was moderated by gender; anxiety sensitivity was associated with Benzodiazepine use among women, but not men. Discussion and conclusions These results replicate findings from research on opioid use disorder suggesting that anxiety sensitivity is associated with nonmedical Benzodiazepine use in women and not men. Scientific significance Targeted intervention to those with polysubstance use-including education on overdose risk when Benzodiazepines are combined with other substances-is indicated in men and women with alcohol use disorder. Anxiety sensitivity may be a potential therapeutic target to reduce nonmedical Benzodiazepine use among women with alcohol use disorder. (Am J Addict 2018;27:485-490).
Hisatoshi Konishi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a convenient synthesis of new types of Benzodiazepine derivatives 2 alkylsulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 benzodiazepin 4 ones and 2 alkyl sulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 Benzodiazepine 4 thiones
Synthesis, 2010Co-Authors: Shuhei Fukamachi, Hisatoshi Konishi, Akihiro Kobayashi, Kazuhiro KobayashiAbstract:An efficient method for preparing 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones and 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thiones under mild conditions has been developed. Thus, 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)acetamides and 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)thioacetamides, easily available from respective 1-isocyano-2-methylbenzenes, were converted into the corresponding isothiocyanates on treatment with sulfur in the presence of a catalytic amount of selenium, which were then reacted with an equimolar amount to sodium hydride to give 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-one and 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thione intermediates, respectively. These intermediates were allowed to react with various alkyl halides to afford the desired benzodiazepinone or Benzodiazepinethione derivatives in a one-pot reaction.
Akihiro Kobayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a convenient synthesis of new types of Benzodiazepine derivatives 2 alkylsulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 benzodiazepin 4 ones and 2 alkyl sulfanyl 3h 4 5 dihydro 1 3 Benzodiazepine 4 thiones
Synthesis, 2010Co-Authors: Shuhei Fukamachi, Hisatoshi Konishi, Akihiro Kobayashi, Kazuhiro KobayashiAbstract:An efficient method for preparing 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones and 2-alkylsulfanyl-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thiones under mild conditions has been developed. Thus, 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)acetamides and 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)thioacetamides, easily available from respective 1-isocyano-2-methylbenzenes, were converted into the corresponding isothiocyanates on treatment with sulfur in the presence of a catalytic amount of selenium, which were then reacted with an equimolar amount to sodium hydride to give 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-benzodiazepin-4-one and 2-(sodiosulfanyl)-3H-4,5-dihydro-1,3-Benzodiazepine-4-thione intermediates, respectively. These intermediates were allowed to react with various alkyl halides to afford the desired benzodiazepinone or Benzodiazepinethione derivatives in a one-pot reaction.