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Christopher W. W. Beecher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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involvement of protein kinase and g proteins in the signal transduction of Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis
Phytochemistry, 1998Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Abstract Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis and biosynthetic enzyme activity were induced in suspension-cells of Sanguinaria canadensis L. by compounds that stimulate the activities of protein kinase and GTP-binding proteins. The results indicate that one or more protein kinases, and putative G proteins are involved in the signal transduction pathway that mediates ABA and fungal-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis. We have previously reported that elicitor-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in suspension-cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis L. (SCP-GM) is mediated by a signal transduction system that involves calcium and possibly protein kinase(s). In this work, a number of exogenous agents were employed to further investigate the components of the signal transduction pathway involved in the induction of alkaloid biosynthesis by a fungal elicitor and abscisic acid (ABA). SCP-GM suspension-cells were treated with compounds that modify protein kinase activity, including phorbol esters, and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-rac-glycerol (OAG), a synthetic diacylglycerol analogue. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate induced alkaloid accumulation by as much as 65-fold over control values, while the negative control, phorbol-13-monoacetate, had no effect. OAG also increased alkaloid production by approximately 25-fold as compared to controls. Likewise, pretreatment of the suspension-cell cultures with H-7 or staurosporine, significantly suppressed ABA- or fungal-induction of Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis. Modulators of GTP-binding protein activity were also active in this system. Treatment of the suspension-cells with cholera toxin (CHX) induced alkaloid accumulation by 25-fold, which increased to 34-fold when CHX was combined with a fungal elicitor derived from Penicillium expansum (PE), and 32-fold when CHX was combined with ABA. Treatment of SCP-GM cells with CHX also enhanced the activities of two N -methyltransferases in the Benzophenanthridine biosynthetic pathway namely, tetrahydroberberine- N -methyltransferase and tetrahydrocoptisine- N -methyltransferase, by six and seven fold, respectively. Furthermore, Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis was induced by treating the suspension-cells with the G-protein activators, mastoparan, mas-7 or melittin, while the inactive homologue, mas-17, did not. Suppression of alkaloid accumulation occurred when the susoension-cells were treated with GDPsS or pertussis toxin prior to treatment of the SCP-GM cells with either PE or ABA. The results support the hypothesis that one or more protein kinases, and putative G proteins are involved in the signal transduction pathway that mediates ABA and fungal-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis.
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Induction of benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in suspension cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis by retinoic acid derivatives
Natural Product Letters, 1996Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Abstract Treatment of suspension-cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis L. (SCP-GM) with a series of natural and synthetic retinoic acid derivatives induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Suspension cells were treated with one of the following: retinoic acid (RA), retinol (ROH), retinal (RHO). 13- cis-retinoic acid (cis-RA), or retinyl acetate (ROAc) in concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 μM (24 h). Each of the RA derivatives tested increased the cellular alkaloid concentrations of sanguinarine and chelerythrine by 97 to 470% (approximately 0.045–0.23% dry wt) depending on the reinoid and the dosage employed. Control SCP-GM suspension-cells accumulated only trace amounts of sanguinarine and chelerythrine, approximately 0.005% dry wt and 0.004% dry wt, respectively. The activity of S-adenosyl methionine: tetrahydroberberine-.V-methyltransferase, a key branch point enzyme in the Benzophenanthridine biosynthetic pathway, was also induced over 24 h after treatment of th...
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quercetin induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid production in suspension cell cultures of sanguinaria canadensis
Planta Medica, 1994Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Addition of micromolar concentrations of quercetin or rutin to suspension cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis L. (bloodroot) induced the biosynthesis of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, related compounds : baicalein, naringin, naringenin, catechin, caffeic acid and benzoic acid displayed very weak inductive activity. Off the two active flavonoids, quercetin was the most effective for inducing Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis, with dose of 100 μM increasing alkaloid production over 375% as compared to negative controls
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elicitor stimulated Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in bloodroot suspension cultures is mediated by calcium
Phytochemistry, 1994Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Abstract Addition of an elicitor derived from the fungus Penicillium expansum Link (PE-elicitor) or the calcium ionophore A23187, to a suspension-cell culture of Sanguinaria canadensis induced the production of the Benzophenanthridine alkaloids, sanguinarine and chelerythrine, in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the cells with the specific calcium chelatant EGTA (3 mM) or the calcium channel inhibitor verapamil (100 μM), for 1 hr prior to the addition of the PE-elicitor, decreased the accumulation of both sanguinarine and chelerythrine. Moreover, A23187-stimulated alkaloid accumulation was almost completely inhibited by pretreating the suspension cells with EGTA (3 mM) for 1 hr and this suppression was reversed by the readdition of calcium ions to the medium. Furthermore, addition of trifluoperazine (100 μM) to the suspension-cell cultures 1 hr before the PE-elicitor (35 μg Glc equ ml −1 ) treatment suppressed the accumulation of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids by 51% as compared to suspension cells treated with PE-elicitor alone. These results demonstrate that an external source of calcium ions is required for elicitor-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid accumulation and suggest that calcium and possibly calmodulin and/or protein kinase C may participate in a signal transduction system that mediates this process.
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Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Sanguinarius): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids
Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, 1993Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, A. B. Schilling, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Fig. 1) is a low perennial with mostly white flowers and thick rhizomes containing an acrid red-orange juice from whence the plant was named (sanguinarius, bleeding). This monotypic genus is a member of the Papaveraceae family, known to contain a diversity of isoquinoline alkaloids, including the protoberberine and Benzophenanthridine alkaloids which are found in many species of this family (Berlin et al. 1983). The synonymous Latin binomials for S. canadensis are claimed to be Chelidonium maximum canadense, Sanguinaria acaulis, and Sanguinaria vernalis. Moreover, a number of vernacular names of S. canadensis have been used, some examples include: bloodroot, Indian paint, red root, snakebite, and sweet slumber.
Werner Roos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structure and mechanism of sanguinarine reductase an enzyme of alkaloid detoxification
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Matthias Vogel, Michael Lawson, Wolfgang Sippl, Udo Conrad, Werner RoosAbstract:Sanguinarine reductase is a plant enzyme that prevents the cytotoxic effects of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids, which are the main phytoalexins of Papaveraceae. The enzyme catalyzes the reduction of sanguinarine, the most toxic Benzophenanthridine, which re-enters the cytoplasm after its primary accumulation in the cell wall region has reached a threshold concentration. We present the sequence of the gene and protein of sanguinarine reductase isolated from cell cultures of Eschscholzia californica. High sequence similarities indicate that the enzyme evolved from a plant-specific branch of the ubiquitous Rossmann fold NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+ binding reductases, with NADP-dependent epimerases or hydroxysteroid reductases as the most likely ancestors. Based on the x-ray structure of a close homolog, a three-dimensional model of the spatial conformation and catalytic site of sanguinarine reductase was established and used for in silico screening of known three-dimensional structures. Surprisingly, the enzyme shares high structural similarity with enzymes of human and bacterial origin, which have similar functions as the plant homologs but bear little amino acid sequence similarity. Using site-directed mutagenesis, a series of recombinant enzymes was generated and assayed to reveal the impact of individual amino acids and peptides in the catalytic process. It appears that relatively few innovations were required to generate this selective catalyst for alkaloid detoxication, notably an insertion of 13 amino acids and the generation of a novel catalytic triad of Cys-Asp-His were sufficient.
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Sanguinarine reductase, a key enzyme of Benzophenanthridine detoxification
Plant cell & environment, 2006Co-Authors: Dagmar Weiss, Alfred Baumert, Matthias Vogel, Werner RoosAbstract:Cultured cells of Eschscholzia californica respond to a yeast glycoprotein elicitor by producing Benzophenanthridine alkaloids, which are excreted into the cell wall and the outer medium. These compounds, preferentially sanguinarine, are efficient phytoalexins because of their ability to intercalate double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), penetrate membranes and inhibit various enzymes containing SH-groups. Externally added sanguinarine is rapidly taken up by intact cells and converted to dihydrosanguinarine, which is substituted intracellularly according to the biosynthetic route. A 29.5 kDa soluble enzyme that catalyses the reduction of sanguinarine and chelerythrine by either NADPH or NADH has been isolated and purified to homogeneity. Benzophenanthridines that accumulate in the outer medium, mainly 10-OH-chelerythrine, chelirubine and macarpine, are converted by the isolated enzyme and by intact cells at much slower rates than sanguinarine. The cellular capacity of uptake and conversion of sanguinarine largely surpasses the rate of alkaloid production. We conclude that the sanguinarine produced by intact cells, after excretion and binding to cell wall elements, is rapidly reabsorbed and reduced to the less toxic dihydrosanguinarine, which then undergoes further biosynthetic reactions. This recycling process would allow the presence of the toxic phytoalexin at the cellular surface without taking the risk of injuring the producing cell.
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selective desensitization of jasmonate and ph dependent signaling in the induction of Benzophenanthridine biosynthesis in cells of eschscholzia californica
Phytochemistry, 2003Co-Authors: Katrin Farber, Brigitte Schumann, Otto Miersch, Werner RoosAbstract:The biosynthesis of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids, phytoalexins of Eschscholzia californica, in cultured cells can be induced by a glycoprotein preparation from yeast, methyljasmonate, artificial acidification with permeant acids, or mild osmotic stress. Each of these stimuli strongly attenuated the subsequent response to the same stimulus (homologous desensitization). Elicitor contact and artificial acidification mutually desensitized the cells for either signal. In contrast, elicitor-treated cells maintained their responsiveness to methyljasmonate or hyperosmolarity (sorbitol). Elicitor concentrations that nearly saturated the alkaloid response did not cause a detectable increase of jasmonate content. Transient acidification of the cytoplasm is a necessary step of signaling by low elicitor concentrations but was not detectable after jasmonate treatment. Seen together, the data indicate the existence of a jasmonate-dependent and jasmonate-independent (ApH controlled) signal pathway towards the expression of Benzophenanthridine biosynthesis. Selective desensitization allows either stimulus to activate a distinct share of the biosynthetic capacity of the cell and limits the accumulation of toxic defense metabolites.
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Shifts of Intracellular pH Distribution as a Part of the Signal Mechanism Leading to the Elicitation of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids : Phytoalexin Biosynthesis in Cultured Cells of Eschscholtzia californica
Plant Physiology, 1998Co-Authors: Werner Roos, Sven Evers, Margit Hieke, Markus Tschöpe, Brigitte SchumannAbstract:Cultured cells of Eschscholtzia californica (Californian poppy) respond to a yeast elicitor preparation or Penicillium cyclopium spores with the production of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids, which are potent phytoalexins. Confocal pH mapping with the probe carboxy-seminaphthorhodafluor-1-acetoxymethylester revealed characteristic shifts of the pH distribution in challenged cells: within a few minutes after elicitor contact a transient acidification of cytoplasmic and nuclear areas occurred in parallel with an increase of the vacuolar pH. The change of proton concentration in the vacuole and in the extravacuolar area showed a nearly constant relation, indicating an efflux of vacuolar protons into the cytosol. A 10-min treatment with 2 mm butyric or pivalic acid caused a transient acidification of the cytoplasm comparable to that observed after elicitor contact and also induced alkaloid biosynthesis. Experimental depletion of the vacuolar proton pool reversibly prevented both the elicitor-triggered pH shifts and the induction of alkaloid biosynthesis. pH shifts and induction of alkaloid biosynthesis showed a similar dependence on the elicitor concentration. Net efflux of K + , alkalinization of the outer medium, and browning of the cells were evoked only at higher elicitor concentrations. We suggest that transient acidification of the cytoplasm via efflux of vacuolar protons is both a necessary and sufficient step in the signal path toward biosynthesis of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids in Californian poppy cells.
Gail B Mahady - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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involvement of protein kinase and g proteins in the signal transduction of Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis
Phytochemistry, 1998Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Abstract Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis and biosynthetic enzyme activity were induced in suspension-cells of Sanguinaria canadensis L. by compounds that stimulate the activities of protein kinase and GTP-binding proteins. The results indicate that one or more protein kinases, and putative G proteins are involved in the signal transduction pathway that mediates ABA and fungal-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis. We have previously reported that elicitor-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in suspension-cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis L. (SCP-GM) is mediated by a signal transduction system that involves calcium and possibly protein kinase(s). In this work, a number of exogenous agents were employed to further investigate the components of the signal transduction pathway involved in the induction of alkaloid biosynthesis by a fungal elicitor and abscisic acid (ABA). SCP-GM suspension-cells were treated with compounds that modify protein kinase activity, including phorbol esters, and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-rac-glycerol (OAG), a synthetic diacylglycerol analogue. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate induced alkaloid accumulation by as much as 65-fold over control values, while the negative control, phorbol-13-monoacetate, had no effect. OAG also increased alkaloid production by approximately 25-fold as compared to controls. Likewise, pretreatment of the suspension-cell cultures with H-7 or staurosporine, significantly suppressed ABA- or fungal-induction of Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis. Modulators of GTP-binding protein activity were also active in this system. Treatment of the suspension-cells with cholera toxin (CHX) induced alkaloid accumulation by 25-fold, which increased to 34-fold when CHX was combined with a fungal elicitor derived from Penicillium expansum (PE), and 32-fold when CHX was combined with ABA. Treatment of SCP-GM cells with CHX also enhanced the activities of two N -methyltransferases in the Benzophenanthridine biosynthetic pathway namely, tetrahydroberberine- N -methyltransferase and tetrahydrocoptisine- N -methyltransferase, by six and seven fold, respectively. Furthermore, Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis was induced by treating the suspension-cells with the G-protein activators, mastoparan, mas-7 or melittin, while the inactive homologue, mas-17, did not. Suppression of alkaloid accumulation occurred when the susoension-cells were treated with GDPsS or pertussis toxin prior to treatment of the SCP-GM cells with either PE or ABA. The results support the hypothesis that one or more protein kinases, and putative G proteins are involved in the signal transduction pathway that mediates ABA and fungal-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis.
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Induction of benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in suspension cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis by retinoic acid derivatives
Natural Product Letters, 1996Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Abstract Treatment of suspension-cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis L. (SCP-GM) with a series of natural and synthetic retinoic acid derivatives induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Suspension cells were treated with one of the following: retinoic acid (RA), retinol (ROH), retinal (RHO). 13- cis-retinoic acid (cis-RA), or retinyl acetate (ROAc) in concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 μM (24 h). Each of the RA derivatives tested increased the cellular alkaloid concentrations of sanguinarine and chelerythrine by 97 to 470% (approximately 0.045–0.23% dry wt) depending on the reinoid and the dosage employed. Control SCP-GM suspension-cells accumulated only trace amounts of sanguinarine and chelerythrine, approximately 0.005% dry wt and 0.004% dry wt, respectively. The activity of S-adenosyl methionine: tetrahydroberberine-.V-methyltransferase, a key branch point enzyme in the Benzophenanthridine biosynthetic pathway, was also induced over 24 h after treatment of th...
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quercetin induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid production in suspension cell cultures of sanguinaria canadensis
Planta Medica, 1994Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Addition of micromolar concentrations of quercetin or rutin to suspension cell cultures of Sanguinaria canadensis L. (bloodroot) induced the biosynthesis of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, related compounds : baicalein, naringin, naringenin, catechin, caffeic acid and benzoic acid displayed very weak inductive activity. Off the two active flavonoids, quercetin was the most effective for inducing Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis, with dose of 100 μM increasing alkaloid production over 375% as compared to negative controls
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elicitor stimulated Benzophenanthridine alkaloid biosynthesis in bloodroot suspension cultures is mediated by calcium
Phytochemistry, 1994Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Abstract Addition of an elicitor derived from the fungus Penicillium expansum Link (PE-elicitor) or the calcium ionophore A23187, to a suspension-cell culture of Sanguinaria canadensis induced the production of the Benzophenanthridine alkaloids, sanguinarine and chelerythrine, in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the cells with the specific calcium chelatant EGTA (3 mM) or the calcium channel inhibitor verapamil (100 μM), for 1 hr prior to the addition of the PE-elicitor, decreased the accumulation of both sanguinarine and chelerythrine. Moreover, A23187-stimulated alkaloid accumulation was almost completely inhibited by pretreating the suspension cells with EGTA (3 mM) for 1 hr and this suppression was reversed by the readdition of calcium ions to the medium. Furthermore, addition of trifluoperazine (100 μM) to the suspension-cell cultures 1 hr before the PE-elicitor (35 μg Glc equ ml −1 ) treatment suppressed the accumulation of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids by 51% as compared to suspension cells treated with PE-elicitor alone. These results demonstrate that an external source of calcium ions is required for elicitor-induced Benzophenanthridine alkaloid accumulation and suggest that calcium and possibly calmodulin and/or protein kinase C may participate in a signal transduction system that mediates this process.
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Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Sanguinarius): In Vitro Culture and the Production of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids
Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, 1993Co-Authors: Gail B Mahady, A. B. Schilling, Christopher W. W. BeecherAbstract:Sanguinaria canadensis L. (Fig. 1) is a low perennial with mostly white flowers and thick rhizomes containing an acrid red-orange juice from whence the plant was named (sanguinarius, bleeding). This monotypic genus is a member of the Papaveraceae family, known to contain a diversity of isoquinoline alkaloids, including the protoberberine and Benzophenanthridine alkaloids which are found in many species of this family (Berlin et al. 1983). The synonymous Latin binomials for S. canadensis are claimed to be Chelidonium maximum canadense, Sanguinaria acaulis, and Sanguinaria vernalis. Moreover, a number of vernacular names of S. canadensis have been used, some examples include: bloodroot, Indian paint, red root, snakebite, and sweet slumber.
Ademir F Morel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Structure-Activity Relationship of Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Having Antimicrobial Activity
2016Co-Authors: Luciana De C. Tavares, Graciane Zanon, Andréia D. Weber, Re T. Neto, Clarice P. Mostardeiro, Ivana B. M. Da Cruz, Raul M. Oliveira, Vinicius Ilha, Ionara I. Dalcol, Ademir F MorelAbstract:Zanthoxylum rhoifolium (Rutaceae) is a plant alkaloid that grows in South America and has been used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of different health problems. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the steam bark crude methanol extract, fractions, and pure alkaloids of Z. rhoifolium. Its stem bark extracts exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, ranging from 12.5 to 100 mg/mL using bioautography method, and from 125 to 500 mg/mL in the microdilution bioassay. From the dichloromethane basic fraction, three furoquinoline alkaloids (1–3), and nine Benzophenanthridine alkaloids (4–12) were isolated and the antimicrobial activity of the Benzophenanthridine alkaloids is discussed in terms of structure-activity relationships. The alkaloid with the widest spectrum of activity was chelerythrine (10), followed by avicine (12) and dihydrochelerythrine (4). The minimal inhibitory concentrations of chelerythrine, of 1.50 mg/mL for all bacteria tested, and between 3.12 and 6.25 mg/mL for the yeast tested, show this compound to be a more powerful antimicrobial agent when compared with the other active alkaloids isolated from Z. rhoifolium. To verify the potential importance of the methylenedioxy group (ring A) of these alkaloids, chelerythrine was selected to represent the remainder of the Benzophenanthridine alkaloids isolated in this work and was subjected to a demethylation reaction giving derivative 14. Compared to chelerythrine, the derivative (14) was less active against the tested bacteria and fungi. Kinetic measurements of the bacteriolytic activities of chelerythrine against the bacteria Bacillu
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Structure-activity relationship of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium having antimicrobial activity.
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Luciana De C. Tavares, Graciane Zanon, Andréia D. Weber, Clarice P. Mostardeiro, Ivana B. M. Da Cruz, Raul M. Oliveira, Vinicius Ilha, Ionara I. Dalcol, Alexandre T. Neto, Ademir F MorelAbstract:Zanthoxylum rhoifolium (Rutaceae) is a plant alkaloid that grows in South America and has been used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of different health problems. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the steam bark crude methanol extract, fractions, and pure alkaloids of Z. rhoifolium. Its stem bark extracts exhibited a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, ranging from 12.5 to 100 µg/mL using bioautography method, and from 125 to 500 µg/mL in the microdilution bioassay. From the dichloromethane basic fraction, three furoquinoline alkaloids (1–3), and nine Benzophenanthridine alkaloids (4–12) were isolated and the antimicrobial activity of the Benzophenanthridine alkaloids is discussed in terms of structure-activity relationships. The alkaloid with the widest spectrum of activity was chelerythrine (10), followed by avicine (12) and dihydrochelerythrine (4). The minimal inhibitory concentrations of chelerythrine, of 1.50 µg/mL for all bacteria tested, and between 3.12 and 6.25 µg/mL for the yeast tested, show this compound to be a more powerful antimicrobial agent when compared with the other active alkaloids isolated from Z. rhoifolium. To verify the potential importance of the methylenedioxy group (ring A) of these alkaloids, chelerythrine was selected to represent the remainder of the Benzophenanthridine alkaloids isolated in this work and was subjected to a demethylation reaction giving derivative 14. Compared to chelerythrine, the derivative (14) was less active against the tested bacteria and fungi. Kinetic measurements of the bacteriolytic activities of chelerythrine against the bacteria Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) were determined by optical density based on real time assay, suggesting that its mechanism of action is not bacteriolytic. The present study did not detect hemolytic effects of chelerythrine on erythrocytes and found a protective effect considering the decrease in TBARS and AOPP (advanced oxidized protein products) levels when compared to the control group.
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Benzophenanthridine alkaloids from Zanthoxylum rhoifolium
Phytochemistry, 1997Co-Authors: Neusa F De Moura, Emilia C.s. Machado, Heraldo B. Ribeiro, Eduardo Miranda Ethur, Nilo Zanatta, Ademir F MorelAbstract:A novel Benzophenanthridine alkaloid, named zanthoxyline, was isolated from the bark of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium, together with the known compounds, dihydronitidine, 6-oxynitidine and skimmianine. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic investigations and elemental analysis.
Yongyan Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cytotoxicity of Benzophenanthridine alkaloids from the roots of zanthoxylum nitidum roxb dc var fastuosum how ex huang
Natural Product Research, 2015Co-Authors: Chengfang Wang, Li Fan, Mei Tian, Zhiwei Deng, Jiangbin Feng, Yongyan WangAbstract:This work aimed to investigate Benzophenanthridine from the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. var. fastuosum How ex Huang for the first time. Thirteen Benzophenanthridines were isolated, and our results of the cytotoxic activities indicated that compound 6 exhibited the best potency against A549, Hela, SMMC-7721 and EJ, with the IC50 values of 27.50, 37.50, 16.95 and 60.42 μM, respectively. Compounds 7 and 11 also showed strong cytotoxicity when tested against the four human cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, SMMC-7721 and EJ), while only compounds 12 and 13 displayed cytotoxicity in inhibiting BALL-1 proliferation among all the compounds. These results suggested that Benzophenanthridines may become a valid alternative of potential basis for new anti-proliferative agents.