The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

D C Rakopoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • impact of properties of vegetable oil bio diesel ethanol and n butanol on the combustion and emissions of turbocharged hddi diesel engine operating under steady and transient conditions
    Fuel, 2015
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos, C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis
    Abstract:

    The present work evaluates the impact of properties of four very common bio-fuels, viz. vegetable oil (cottonseed), or its derived (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, or ethanol, or n-butanol, in blends of various proportions with diesel fuel, on the combustion and exhaust emissions of a fully instrumented, six-cylinder, four-stroke, heavy-duty direct injection (HDDI), ‘Mercedes-Benz’ bus diesel engine, bearing a waste-gate turbocharger with after-cooler, running under steady and transient conditions. Under steady-state operation, exhaust smoke, nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and total unburned hydrocarbons (HC) were measured and compared with those of the baseline operation (with neat diesel fuel) and among themselves. Fuel injection, combustion chamber pressure, and heat release rate (HRR) diagrams revealed interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the different physical and chemical properties of those bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the observed engine behavior. As regards the transient engine operation, measurements for three accelerations tests were examined with the engine fueled on Bio-Diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends. The test bed was complemented with fast response instruments to capture the development of key engine and turbocharger variables, depicted in analytical diagrams, using ultra-fast response instrumentation for the instantaneous measurements of the exhaust NO and smoke opacity. Again, these results and the different physical and chemical properties of bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the engine behavior. Finally, a comparison is made for the influence of bio-fuels properties (Bio-Diesel and n-butanol) on the NOx and smoke emissions between steady-state and transient operating conditions, under the recognition of the different non-fuel factors affecting the transient operating schedules.

  • influence of properties of various common bio fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high speed di direct injection diesel engine vegetable oil bio diesel ethanol n butanol diethyl ether
    Energy, 2014
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos, C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Dimitrios C Kyritsis, Roussos G Papagiannakis
    Abstract:

    This work evaluates the influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of an experimental, single-cylinder, four-stroke, high-speed, DI (direct injection) ‘Hydra’ diesel engine operated at three different loads. Various blends of diesel fuel with either vegetable oil of cottonseed or its derived (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, or ethanol, or n-butanol, or diethyl ether were investigated. Fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and exhaust smoke, NOx (nitrogen oxides), CO (carbon monoxide) and total unburned HC (hydrocarbons) were measured. The differences in combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of those bio-fuels blends from the baseline operation of the diesel engine (with neat diesel fuel) and among themselves are compared. Fuel injection, combustion chamber pressure, and HRR (heat release rate) diagrams reveal interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the different physical and chemical properties of those bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the observed engine behavior. With increasing percentage of all bio-fuels in the blends, significant reduction of smoke opacity is observed with the exception of the vegetable oil case, reduction of NOx, and mixed behavior for the CO and HC emissions against the corresponding neat diesel fuel case.

  • combustion and emissions of cottonseed oil and its bio diesel in blends with either n butanol or diethyl ether in hsdi diesel engine
    Fuel, 2013
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    Abstract This experimental investigation evaluates the combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of cottonseed oil and its (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel in blends with 20% by vol. of either n -butanol or diethyl ether (DEE), fueling a standard, experimental, single-cylinder, four-stroke, high-speed direct injection (HSDI), ‘Hydra’ diesel engine. The tests are conducted using each of the above fuel blends or neat cottonseed oil or its neat Bio-Diesel, with the engine operating at three different loads. Fuel consumption, exhaust smoke, nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and total unburned hydrocarbons (HCs) are measured. The differences in the performance and exhaust emissions of these fuel blends from the baseline operation of the diesel engine, i.e. when working with neat cottonseed oil or its neat Bio-Diesel, are compared. Fuel injection and combustion chamber pressure diagrams are obtained, and heat release rate analysis of the latter ones is performed revealing some interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the widely differing physical and chemical properties of n -butanol and DEE against those for the cottonseed oil and its Bio-Diesel are used to aid the correct interpretation of the observed engine behavior. It is revealed that n -butanol and DEE, which can be produced from biomass (bio-butanol and bio-DEE), when added to the vegetable oil or its Bio-Diesel improve the behavior of diesel engine.

  • heat release analysis of combustion in heavy duty turbocharged diesel engine operating on blends of diesel fuel with cottonseed or sunflower oils and their bio diesel
    Fuel, 2012
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present work evaluates the effects of using blends of diesel fuel with cottonseed or sunflower oils and their (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel in proportions of 10% and 20% (by vol.), on the combustion and emissions behavior of a fully instrumented, six-cylinder, turbocharged and after-cooled, heavy-duty, direct injection (DI), ‘Mercedes-Benz’ diesel engine. Combustion chamber and fuel injection pressure diagrams are obtained at two speeds and three loads. A heat release analysis of the experimentally obtained cylinder pressure diagrams is developed and used. Plots of histories in the combustion chamber of the heat release rate and temperatures, and the variation of interesting quantities such as maximum cylinder pressures and their rates, maximum cylinder temperatures and ignition delays reveal some interesting features, which shed light into the combustion mechanism and emissions formation when using these bio-fuels. The analysis results, together with the differing physical and chemical properties of these bio-fuels against those for the diesel fuel, which constitutes the ‘baseline’ fuel, aid the correct interpretation of the basic regulated emissions of smoke and nitrogen oxides measured at the engine exhaust.

  • study of turbocharged diesel engine operation pollutant emissions and combustion noise radiation during starting with bio diesel or n butanol diesel fuel blends
    Applied Energy, 2011
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos, D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    The control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines is an important objective for automotive manufacturers, as stringent criteria for exhaust emissions must be met. Starting, in particular, is a process of significant importance owing to its major contribution to the overall emissions during a transient test cycle. On the other hand, bio-fuels are getting impetus today as renewable substitutes for conventional fuels, especially in the transport sector. In the present work, experimental tests were conducted at the authors’ laboratory on a bus/truck, turbocharged diesel engine in order to investigate the formation mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO), smoke, and combustion noise radiation during hot starting for various alternative fuel blends. To this aim, a fully instrumented test bed was set up, using ultra-fast response analyzers capable of capturing the instantaneous development of emissions as well as various other key engine and turbocharger parameters. The experimental test matrix included three different fuels, namely neat diesel fuel and two blends of diesel fuel with either Bio-Diesel (30% by vol.) or n-butanol (25% by vol.). With reference to the neat diesel fuel case during the starting event, the Bio-Diesel blend resulted in deterioration of both pollutant emissions as well as increased combustion instability, while the n-butanol (normal butanol) blend decreased significantly exhaust gas opacity but increased notably NO emission.

C D Rakopoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • impact of properties of vegetable oil bio diesel ethanol and n butanol on the combustion and emissions of turbocharged hddi diesel engine operating under steady and transient conditions
    Fuel, 2015
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos, C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis
    Abstract:

    The present work evaluates the impact of properties of four very common bio-fuels, viz. vegetable oil (cottonseed), or its derived (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, or ethanol, or n-butanol, in blends of various proportions with diesel fuel, on the combustion and exhaust emissions of a fully instrumented, six-cylinder, four-stroke, heavy-duty direct injection (HDDI), ‘Mercedes-Benz’ bus diesel engine, bearing a waste-gate turbocharger with after-cooler, running under steady and transient conditions. Under steady-state operation, exhaust smoke, nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and total unburned hydrocarbons (HC) were measured and compared with those of the baseline operation (with neat diesel fuel) and among themselves. Fuel injection, combustion chamber pressure, and heat release rate (HRR) diagrams revealed interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the different physical and chemical properties of those bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the observed engine behavior. As regards the transient engine operation, measurements for three accelerations tests were examined with the engine fueled on Bio-Diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends. The test bed was complemented with fast response instruments to capture the development of key engine and turbocharger variables, depicted in analytical diagrams, using ultra-fast response instrumentation for the instantaneous measurements of the exhaust NO and smoke opacity. Again, these results and the different physical and chemical properties of bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the engine behavior. Finally, a comparison is made for the influence of bio-fuels properties (Bio-Diesel and n-butanol) on the NOx and smoke emissions between steady-state and transient operating conditions, under the recognition of the different non-fuel factors affecting the transient operating schedules.

  • influence of properties of various common bio fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high speed di direct injection diesel engine vegetable oil bio diesel ethanol n butanol diethyl ether
    Energy, 2014
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos, C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Dimitrios C Kyritsis, Roussos G Papagiannakis
    Abstract:

    This work evaluates the influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of an experimental, single-cylinder, four-stroke, high-speed, DI (direct injection) ‘Hydra’ diesel engine operated at three different loads. Various blends of diesel fuel with either vegetable oil of cottonseed or its derived (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, or ethanol, or n-butanol, or diethyl ether were investigated. Fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and exhaust smoke, NOx (nitrogen oxides), CO (carbon monoxide) and total unburned HC (hydrocarbons) were measured. The differences in combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of those bio-fuels blends from the baseline operation of the diesel engine (with neat diesel fuel) and among themselves are compared. Fuel injection, combustion chamber pressure, and HRR (heat release rate) diagrams reveal interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the different physical and chemical properties of those bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the observed engine behavior. With increasing percentage of all bio-fuels in the blends, significant reduction of smoke opacity is observed with the exception of the vegetable oil case, reduction of NOx, and mixed behavior for the CO and HC emissions against the corresponding neat diesel fuel case.

  • study of turbocharged diesel engine operation pollutant emissions and combustion noise radiation during starting with bio diesel or n butanol diesel fuel blends
    Applied Energy, 2011
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos, D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    The control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines is an important objective for automotive manufacturers, as stringent criteria for exhaust emissions must be met. Starting, in particular, is a process of significant importance owing to its major contribution to the overall emissions during a transient test cycle. On the other hand, bio-fuels are getting impetus today as renewable substitutes for conventional fuels, especially in the transport sector. In the present work, experimental tests were conducted at the authors’ laboratory on a bus/truck, turbocharged diesel engine in order to investigate the formation mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO), smoke, and combustion noise radiation during hot starting for various alternative fuel blends. To this aim, a fully instrumented test bed was set up, using ultra-fast response analyzers capable of capturing the instantaneous development of emissions as well as various other key engine and turbocharger parameters. The experimental test matrix included three different fuels, namely neat diesel fuel and two blends of diesel fuel with either Bio-Diesel (30% by vol.) or n-butanol (25% by vol.). With reference to the neat diesel fuel case during the starting event, the Bio-Diesel blend resulted in deterioration of both pollutant emissions as well as increased combustion instability, while the n-butanol (normal butanol) blend decreased significantly exhaust gas opacity but increased notably NO emission.

  • investigation of the combustion of neat cottonseed oil or its neat bio diesel in a hsdi diesel engine by experimental heat release and statistical analyses
    Fuel, 2010
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, D C Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos
    Abstract:

    Abstract An experimental study is conducted to evaluate the effects of using neat cottonseed oil or its neat ME (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, on the combustion behavior of a standard, high speed, direct injection (HSDI), ‘Hydra’ diesel engine located at the authors’ laboratory. Combustion chamber and fuel injection pressure diagrams are obtained at medium and high load using a developed, high-speed, data acquisition and processing system. A heat release analysis of the experimentally obtained cylinder pressure diagrams is developed and used. Plots of histories in the combustion chamber of the heat release rate and other related parameters reveal some interesting features, which shed light into the combustion mechanism when using these bio-fuels. These results, combined with the differing physical and chemical properties of the bio-fuels between themselves and against those for the diesel fuel, which constitutes the baseline fuel, aid the correct interpretation of the observed engine behavior performance- and emissions-wise. Moreover, the possible existence of cyclic (combustion) variability is examined as reflected in the pressure indicator diagrams, by analyzing for the maximum pressure and its rate, and the dynamic injection timing and ignition delay, by using statistical analysis for averages, standard deviations and probability density functions. The key results are that with the use of these bio-fuels against the neat diesel fuel case, the ignition delay is hardly affected, the fuel injection pressure diagrams are very slightly advanced accompanied with higher injection pressures, maximum cylinder pressures remain the same with the vegetable oil and slightly increased with the Bio-Diesel, maximum cylinder pressure rates are increased with the Bio-Diesel and decreased with the vegetable oil, while the cyclic irregularity is not affected with these bio-fuels remaining at the acceptable neat diesel fuel case levels.

  • investigating the emissions during acceleration of a turbocharged diesel engine operating with bio diesel or n butanol diesel fuel blends
    Energy, 2010
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos, D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    Control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines is an important objective for automotive manufacturers, since stringent criteria for exhaust emission levels must be met as dictated by the legislated transient cycles. On the other hand, bio-fuels are getting impetus today as renewable substitutes for conventional fuels (diesel fuel or gasoline), especially in the transport domain. In the present work, experimental tests are conducted on a turbocharged truck diesel engine in order to investigate the formation mechanism of NO (nitric oxide) and smoke under various accelerating schedules experienced during daily driving conditions. To this aim, a fully instrumented test bed was set up in order to capture the development of key engine and turbocharger variables during the transient events using ultra-fast response instrumentation for the instantaneous measurement of the exhaust NO and smoke opacity. Apart from the baseline diesel fuel, the engine was operated with a blend of diesel fuel with 30% Bio-Diesel, and a blend of diesel fuel with 25% n-butanol. Analytical diagrams are provided to explain the behavior of emissions development in conjunction with turbocharger and fueling response. Unsurprisingly, turbocharger lag was found to be the main culprit for the emissions spikes during all test cases examined. The differences in the measured exhaust emissions of the two bio-fuel/diesel fuel blends, both leading to serious smoke reductions but also NO increases compared with the baseline operation of the engine were determined and compared. The differing physical and chemical properties of Bio-Diesel and n-butanol against those of the diesel fuel, together with the formation mechanisms of NO and soot were used for the analysis and interpretation of the experimental findings concerning transient emissions.

E G Giakoumis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • impact of properties of vegetable oil bio diesel ethanol and n butanol on the combustion and emissions of turbocharged hddi diesel engine operating under steady and transient conditions
    Fuel, 2015
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos, C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis
    Abstract:

    The present work evaluates the impact of properties of four very common bio-fuels, viz. vegetable oil (cottonseed), or its derived (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, or ethanol, or n-butanol, in blends of various proportions with diesel fuel, on the combustion and exhaust emissions of a fully instrumented, six-cylinder, four-stroke, heavy-duty direct injection (HDDI), ‘Mercedes-Benz’ bus diesel engine, bearing a waste-gate turbocharger with after-cooler, running under steady and transient conditions. Under steady-state operation, exhaust smoke, nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and total unburned hydrocarbons (HC) were measured and compared with those of the baseline operation (with neat diesel fuel) and among themselves. Fuel injection, combustion chamber pressure, and heat release rate (HRR) diagrams revealed interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the different physical and chemical properties of those bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the observed engine behavior. As regards the transient engine operation, measurements for three accelerations tests were examined with the engine fueled on Bio-Diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends. The test bed was complemented with fast response instruments to capture the development of key engine and turbocharger variables, depicted in analytical diagrams, using ultra-fast response instrumentation for the instantaneous measurements of the exhaust NO and smoke opacity. Again, these results and the different physical and chemical properties of bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the engine behavior. Finally, a comparison is made for the influence of bio-fuels properties (Bio-Diesel and n-butanol) on the NOx and smoke emissions between steady-state and transient operating conditions, under the recognition of the different non-fuel factors affecting the transient operating schedules.

  • influence of properties of various common bio fuels on the combustion and emission characteristics of high speed di direct injection diesel engine vegetable oil bio diesel ethanol n butanol diethyl ether
    Energy, 2014
    Co-Authors: D C Rakopoulos, C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Dimitrios C Kyritsis, Roussos G Papagiannakis
    Abstract:

    This work evaluates the influence of properties of various common bio-fuels on the combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of an experimental, single-cylinder, four-stroke, high-speed, DI (direct injection) ‘Hydra’ diesel engine operated at three different loads. Various blends of diesel fuel with either vegetable oil of cottonseed or its derived (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, or ethanol, or n-butanol, or diethyl ether were investigated. Fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and exhaust smoke, NOx (nitrogen oxides), CO (carbon monoxide) and total unburned HC (hydrocarbons) were measured. The differences in combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of those bio-fuels blends from the baseline operation of the diesel engine (with neat diesel fuel) and among themselves are compared. Fuel injection, combustion chamber pressure, and HRR (heat release rate) diagrams reveal interesting features of the combustion mechanisms. These results and the different physical and chemical properties of those bio-fuels are used to aid the interpretation of the observed engine behavior. With increasing percentage of all bio-fuels in the blends, significant reduction of smoke opacity is observed with the exception of the vegetable oil case, reduction of NOx, and mixed behavior for the CO and HC emissions against the corresponding neat diesel fuel case.

  • study of turbocharged diesel engine operation pollutant emissions and combustion noise radiation during starting with bio diesel or n butanol diesel fuel blends
    Applied Energy, 2011
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos, D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    The control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines is an important objective for automotive manufacturers, as stringent criteria for exhaust emissions must be met. Starting, in particular, is a process of significant importance owing to its major contribution to the overall emissions during a transient test cycle. On the other hand, bio-fuels are getting impetus today as renewable substitutes for conventional fuels, especially in the transport sector. In the present work, experimental tests were conducted at the authors’ laboratory on a bus/truck, turbocharged diesel engine in order to investigate the formation mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO), smoke, and combustion noise radiation during hot starting for various alternative fuel blends. To this aim, a fully instrumented test bed was set up, using ultra-fast response analyzers capable of capturing the instantaneous development of emissions as well as various other key engine and turbocharger parameters. The experimental test matrix included three different fuels, namely neat diesel fuel and two blends of diesel fuel with either Bio-Diesel (30% by vol.) or n-butanol (25% by vol.). With reference to the neat diesel fuel case during the starting event, the Bio-Diesel blend resulted in deterioration of both pollutant emissions as well as increased combustion instability, while the n-butanol (normal butanol) blend decreased significantly exhaust gas opacity but increased notably NO emission.

  • investigation of the combustion of neat cottonseed oil or its neat bio diesel in a hsdi diesel engine by experimental heat release and statistical analyses
    Fuel, 2010
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, D C Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos
    Abstract:

    Abstract An experimental study is conducted to evaluate the effects of using neat cottonseed oil or its neat ME (methyl ester) Bio-Diesel, on the combustion behavior of a standard, high speed, direct injection (HSDI), ‘Hydra’ diesel engine located at the authors’ laboratory. Combustion chamber and fuel injection pressure diagrams are obtained at medium and high load using a developed, high-speed, data acquisition and processing system. A heat release analysis of the experimentally obtained cylinder pressure diagrams is developed and used. Plots of histories in the combustion chamber of the heat release rate and other related parameters reveal some interesting features, which shed light into the combustion mechanism when using these bio-fuels. These results, combined with the differing physical and chemical properties of the bio-fuels between themselves and against those for the diesel fuel, which constitutes the baseline fuel, aid the correct interpretation of the observed engine behavior performance- and emissions-wise. Moreover, the possible existence of cyclic (combustion) variability is examined as reflected in the pressure indicator diagrams, by analyzing for the maximum pressure and its rate, and the dynamic injection timing and ignition delay, by using statistical analysis for averages, standard deviations and probability density functions. The key results are that with the use of these bio-fuels against the neat diesel fuel case, the ignition delay is hardly affected, the fuel injection pressure diagrams are very slightly advanced accompanied with higher injection pressures, maximum cylinder pressures remain the same with the vegetable oil and slightly increased with the Bio-Diesel, maximum cylinder pressure rates are increased with the Bio-Diesel and decreased with the vegetable oil, while the cyclic irregularity is not affected with these bio-fuels remaining at the acceptable neat diesel fuel case levels.

  • investigating the emissions during acceleration of a turbocharged diesel engine operating with bio diesel or n butanol diesel fuel blends
    Energy, 2010
    Co-Authors: C D Rakopoulos, E G Giakoumis, Athanasios Dimaratos, D C Rakopoulos
    Abstract:

    Control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines is an important objective for automotive manufacturers, since stringent criteria for exhaust emission levels must be met as dictated by the legislated transient cycles. On the other hand, bio-fuels are getting impetus today as renewable substitutes for conventional fuels (diesel fuel or gasoline), especially in the transport domain. In the present work, experimental tests are conducted on a turbocharged truck diesel engine in order to investigate the formation mechanism of NO (nitric oxide) and smoke under various accelerating schedules experienced during daily driving conditions. To this aim, a fully instrumented test bed was set up in order to capture the development of key engine and turbocharger variables during the transient events using ultra-fast response instrumentation for the instantaneous measurement of the exhaust NO and smoke opacity. Apart from the baseline diesel fuel, the engine was operated with a blend of diesel fuel with 30% Bio-Diesel, and a blend of diesel fuel with 25% n-butanol. Analytical diagrams are provided to explain the behavior of emissions development in conjunction with turbocharger and fueling response. Unsurprisingly, turbocharger lag was found to be the main culprit for the emissions spikes during all test cases examined. The differences in the measured exhaust emissions of the two bio-fuel/diesel fuel blends, both leading to serious smoke reductions but also NO increases compared with the baseline operation of the engine were determined and compared. The differing physical and chemical properties of Bio-Diesel and n-butanol against those of the diesel fuel, together with the formation mechanisms of NO and soot were used for the analysis and interpretation of the experimental findings concerning transient emissions.

Manuel Garciaperez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dsc studies to evaluate the impact of bio oil on cold flow properties and oxidation stability of bio diesel
    Bioresource Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Manuel Garciaperez, Thomas T Adams, John W Goodrum, K C Das, Daniel P Geller
    Abstract:

    This paper describes the use of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to evaluate the impact of varying mix ratios of bio-oil (pyrolysis oil) and Bio-Diesel on the oxidation stability and on some cold flow properties of resulting blends. The bio-oils employed were produced from the semi-continuous Auger pyrolysis of pine pellets and the batch pyrolysis of pine chips. The Bio-Diesel studied was obtained from poultry fat. The conditions used to prepare the bio-oil/Bio-Diesel blends as well as some of the fuel properties of these blends are reported. The experimental results suggest that the addition of bio-oil improves the oxidation stability of the resulting blends and modifies the crystallization behavior of unsaturated compounds. Upon the addition of bio-oil an increase in the oxidation onset temperature, as determined by DSC, was observed. The increase in Bio-Diesel oxidation stability is likely to be due to the presence of hindered phenols abundant in bio-oils. A relatively small reduction in DSC characteristic temperatures which are associated with cold flow properties was also observed but can likely be explained by a dilution effect.

  • production and fuel properties of fast pyrolysis oil bio diesel blends
    Fuel Processing Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Chun-zhu Li, Xiao Shan Wang, Manuel Garciaperez, Jun Shen
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper describes the production and fuel properties of fast pyrolysis oil/Bio-Diesel blends. The bio-oils used in this study were produced from the fast pyrolysis of woody biomasses, oil mallee and pine. The Bio-Diesel employed was derived from canola vegetable oil. The conditions used to prepare the bio-oil/Bio-Diesel blends, as well as some of the fuel properties of the resulting Bio-Diesel rich phase, are reported. The experimental results show that the solubility of fast pyrolysis oils in Bio-Diesel is not as high as was previously reported for decanted oils obtained by Auger pyrolysis. The carboxylic acids, mono-phenols, furans and lignin derived oligomers were the compounds most soluble in Bio-Diesel, while the sugars, on the other hand, showed poor solubility. Although the presence of phenols enhances the oxidation stability of the Bio-Diesel rich phases, other fuel properties deteriorate. For example, the content of solid residues increased primarily because of the solubilisation of lignin derived oligomers, which were quantified by UV-fluorescence. Concentrations as high as 3.5 mass % of these compounds were observed in the Bio-Diesel rich phase. The solubility of bio-oil in Bio-Diesel was enhanced by using ethyl acetate/Bio-Diesel blends. Some fuel properties of the Bio-Diesel rich phase, after the removal of ethyl acetate, are reported.

S Ashrafur M Rahman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • engine combustion performance and emission characteristics of gas to liquid gtl fuels and its blends with diesel and bio diesel
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014
    Co-Authors: H Sajjad, H H Masjuki, M Varman, M A Kalam, M I Arbab, S Imtenan, S Ashrafur M Rahman
    Abstract:

    Crude oil price hikes, energy security concerns and environmental drivers have turned the focus to alternative fuels. Gas to liquid (GTL) diesel is regarded as a promising alternative diesel fuel, considering the adeptness to use directly as a diesel fuel or in blends with petroleum-derived diesel or Bio-Diesel. GTL fuel derived from Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is of distinctly different characteristics than fossil diesel fuel due to its paraffinic nature, virtually zero sulfur, low aromatic contents and very high cetane number. GTL fuel is referred to as a “clean fuel” for its inherent ability to reduce engine exhaust emission even with blends of diesel and Bio-Diesel. This paper illustrates feasibility of GTL fuel in context of comparative fuel properties with conventional diesel and Bio-Diesels. This review also describes the technical attributes of GTL and its blends with diesel and Bio-Diesel focusing their impact on engine performance and emission characteristics on the basis of the previous research works. It can introduce an efficacious guideline to devise several blends of alternative fuels, further the development of engine performance and constrain exhaust emission to cope with the relentless efforts to manufacture efficient and environment friendly powertrains.

  • engine combustion performance and emission characteristics of gas to liquid gtl fuels and its blends with diesel and bio diesel
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014
    Co-Authors: H Sajjad, H H Masjuki, M Varman, M I Arbab, S Imtenan, S Ashrafur M Rahman
    Abstract:

    Crude oil price hikes, energy security concerns and environmental drivers have turned the focus to alternative fuels. Gas to liquid (GTL) diesel is regarded as a promising alternative diesel fuel, considering the adeptness to use directly as a diesel fuel or in blends with petroleum-derived diesel or Bio-Diesel. GTL fuel derived from Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is of distinctly different characteristics than fossil diesel fuel due to its paraffinic nature, virtually zero sulfur, low aromatic contents and very high cetane number. GTL fuel is referred to as a “clean fuel” for its inherent ability to reduce engine exhaust emission even with blends of diesel and Bio-Diesel.