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Biocomposites
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Buong Woei Chieng – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of superheated steam treatment on the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of PALF/PLA biocomposite
Polymers, 2019Co-Authors: Ahmed Jaafar Hussein Challabi, Buong Woei Chieng, Nor Azowa Ibrahim, Hidayah Ariffin, Norhazlin ZainuddinAbstract:The effectiveness of superheated steam (SHS) as an alternative, eco-friendly treatment method to modify the surface of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) for biocomposite applications was investigated. The aim of this treatment was to improve the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the polymer. The treatment was carried out in an SHS oven for different temperatures (190–230 °C) and times (30–120 min). Biocomposites fabricated from SHS-treated PALFs and polylactic acid (PLA) at a weight ratio of 30:70 were prepared via melt-blending techniques. The mechanical properties, dimensional stability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the Biocomposites were evaluated. Results showed that treatment at temperature of 220 °C for 60 min gave the optimum tensile properties compared to other treatment temperatures. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties as well as the dimensional stability of the Biocomposites were enhanced by the presence of SHS-treated PALF. The SEM analysis showed improvement in the interfacial adhesion between PLA and SHS-treated PALF. XRD analysis showed an increase in the crystallinity with the addition of SHS-PALF. The results suggest that SHS can be used as an environmentally friendly treatment method for the modification of PALF in biocomposite production.
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The influence of green surface modification of oil palm mesocarp fiber by superheated steam on the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of oil palm mesocarp fiber/poly(butylene succinate) biocomposite
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Yoon Yee Then, Nor Azowa Ibrahim, Norhazlin Zainuddin, Hidayah Ariffin, Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus, Buong Woei ChiengAbstract:In this paper, superheated steam (SHS) was used as cost effective and green processing technique to modify oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) for biocomposite applications. The purpose of this modification was to promote the adhesion between fiber and thermoplastic. The modification was carried out in a SHS oven at various temperature (200-230 °C) and time (30-120 min) under normal atmospheric pressure. The Biocomposites from SHS-treated OPMFs and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) at a weight ratio of 70:30 were prepared by melt blending technique. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the Biocomposites were evaluated. This study showed that the SHS treatment increased the roughness of the fiber surface due to the removal of surface impurities and hemicellulose. The tensile, flexural and impact properties, as well as dimensional stability of the Biocomposites were markedly enhanced by the presence of SHS-treated OPMF. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed improvement of interfacial adhesion between PBS and SHS-treated OPMF. This work demonstrated that SHS could be used as an eco-friendly and sustainable processing method for modification of OPMF in biocomposite fabrication. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
David Rudi – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a jatropha biomass as renewable materials for Biocomposites and its applications
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013Co-Authors: H Abdul P S Khalil, N. A. Sri Aprilia, A H Bhat, Mohammad Jawaid, Md Tahir Paridah, David RudiAbstract:This review deals with the study of Jatropha biomass as renewable materials for Biocomposites and its applications. Jatropha curcas is a multipurpose plant with many attributes and considerable potential. Jatropha plant is cultivated worldwide but it has specific cultivation area in Central and South America, Africa, and South Asia. The Jatropha plant produces many useful products, especially the seed from which oil can be extracted. Extracted oil has similar properties to palm oil and possible to obtain many products after processing. As biomass, Jatropha plant can used as a reinforcement in biocomposite development. Jatropha contain high amount of carbon especially in seed/husk, fruit shell and seed cake and can be used as filler in composite fabrication in the form of carbon black and activated carbon.
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A Jatropha biomass as renewable materials for Biocomposites and its applications
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013Co-Authors: H. P. S. Abdul Khalil, N. A. Sri Aprilia, A H Bhat, Mohammad Jawaid, Md Tahir Paridah, David RudiAbstract:This review deals with the study of Jatropha biomass as renewable materials for Biocomposites and its applications. Jatropha curcas is a multipurpose plant with many attributes and considerable potential. Jatropha plant is cultivated worldwide but it has specific cultivation area in Central and South America, Africa, and South Asia. The Jatropha plant produces many useful products, especially the seed from which oil can be extracted. Extracted oil has similar properties to palm oil and possible to obtain many products after processing. As biomass, Jatropha plant can used as a reinforcement in biocomposite development. Jatropha contain high amount of carbon especially in seed/husk, fruit shell and seed cake and can be used as filler in composite fabrication in the form of carbon black and activated carbon. In this review, we will discuss the distribution of Jatropha around the globe, chemical composition of various parts and extracts of Jatropha and their mechanical and physical properties. We will also cover the use of Jatropha biomass in various technical and biocomposite applications. With the development of green technology, Jatropha latex can be reduced to nanoparticle size. The chemical and physical properties of Jatropha contribute to its applications in food and non-food Products. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Norhazlin Zainuddin – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of superheated steam treatment on the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of PALF/PLA biocomposite
Polymers, 2019Co-Authors: Ahmed Jaafar Hussein Challabi, Buong Woei Chieng, Nor Azowa Ibrahim, Hidayah Ariffin, Norhazlin ZainuddinAbstract:The effectiveness of superheated steam (SHS) as an alternative, eco-friendly treatment method to modify the surface of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) for biocomposite applications was investigated. The aim of this treatment was to improve the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the polymer. The treatment was carried out in an SHS oven for different temperatures (190–230 °C) and times (30–120 min). Biocomposites fabricated from SHS-treated PALFs and polylactic acid (PLA) at a weight ratio of 30:70 were prepared via melt-blending techniques. The mechanical properties, dimensional stability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the Biocomposites were evaluated. Results showed that treatment at temperature of 220 °C for 60 min gave the optimum tensile properties compared to other treatment temperatures. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties as well as the dimensional stability of the Biocomposites were enhanced by the presence of SHS-treated PALF. The SEM analysis showed improvement in the interfacial adhesion between PLA and SHS-treated PALF. XRD analysis showed an increase in the crystallinity with the addition of SHS-PALF. The results suggest that SHS can be used as an environmentally friendly treatment method for the modification of PALF in biocomposite production.
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The influence of green surface modification of oil palm mesocarp fiber by superheated steam on the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of oil palm mesocarp fiber/poly(butylene succinate) biocomposite
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Yoon Yee Then, Nor Azowa Ibrahim, Norhazlin Zainuddin, Hidayah Ariffin, Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus, Buong Woei ChiengAbstract:In this paper, superheated steam (SHS) was used as cost effective and green processing technique to modify oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) for biocomposite applications. The purpose of this modification was to promote the adhesion between fiber and thermoplastic. The modification was carried out in a SHS oven at various temperature (200-230 °C) and time (30-120 min) under normal atmospheric pressure. The Biocomposites from SHS-treated OPMFs and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) at a weight ratio of 70:30 were prepared by melt blending technique. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the Biocomposites were evaluated. This study showed that the SHS treatment increased the roughness of the fiber surface due to the removal of surface impurities and hemicellulose. The tensile, flexural and impact properties, as well as dimensional stability of the Biocomposites were markedly enhanced by the presence of SHS-treated OPMF. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed improvement of interfacial adhesion between PBS and SHS-treated OPMF. This work demonstrated that SHS could be used as an eco-friendly and sustainable processing method for modification of OPMF in biocomposite fabrication. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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oil palm mesocarp fiber as new lignocellulosic material for fabrication of polymer fiber Biocomposites
International Journal of Polymer Science, 2013Co-Authors: Yoon Yee Then, Nor Azowa Ibrahim, Norhazlin Zainuddin, Hidayah Ariffin, Wan Md Zin Wan YunusAbstract:New Biocomposites consisting of poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and various content (0–70 wt%) of oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) or oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (OPEFBF) were fabricated by melt blending and subsequently hotpress moulding. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties of those Biocomposites were evaluated and compared. Enhancement of flexural modulus of 200 or 150% was observed with PBS biocomposite loaded with 70 wt% of OPMF or OPEFBF. PBS/OPMF Biocomposites exhibited higher values of tensile, flexural and impact strengths, and tensile and flexural moduli than those of PBS/OPEFBF Biocomposites. These results indicated that OPMF feature better reinforcing agent for PBS as compared to that of OPEFBF.
Scott A Guelcher – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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injectable polyurethane composite scaffolds delay wound contraction and support cellular infiltration and remodeling in rat excisional wounds
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2012Co-Authors: Elizabeth J Adolph, Scott A Guelcher, Andrea E Hafeman, Jeffrey M Davidson, Lillian B NanneyAbstract:Injectable scaffolds present compelling opportunities for wound repair and regeneration due to their ability to fill irregularly shaped defects and deliver biologics such as growth factors. In this study, we investigated the properties of injectable polyurethane biocomposite scaffolds and their application in cutaneous wound repair using a rat excisional model. The scaffolds have a minimal reaction exotherm and clinically relevant working and setting times. Moreover, the Biocomposites have mechanical and thermal properties consistent with rubbery elastomers. In the rat excisional wound model, injection of settable biocomposite scaffolds stented the wounds at early time points, resulting in a regenerative rather than a scarring phenotype at later time points. Measurements of wound width and thickness revealed that the treated wounds were less contracted at day 7 compared to blank wounds. Analysis of cell proliferation and apoptosis showed that the scaffolds were biocompatible and supported tissue ingrowth. Myofibroblast formation and collagen fiber organization provided evidence that the scaffolds have a positive effect on extracellular matrix remodeling by disrupting the formation of an aligned matrix under elevated tension. In summary, we have developed an injectable biodegradable polyurethane biocomposite scaffold that enhances cutaneous wound healing in a rat model.
M. R. Manshor – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of Component in Solution Casted Polylactic Acid Biocomposite by Response Surface Methodology
Journal of Packaging Technology and Research, 2018Co-Authors: M. A. Siti Nur E’zzati, Hazleen Anuar, Y. F. Buys, A. R. Siti Munirah Salimah, F. Ali, M. R. ManshorAbstract:The significant value of renewable resources used for food packaging has motivated consumer demand, thereby driving consumers to pay closer attention to biodegradable packaging applications. Polylactic acid (PLA) together with durian skin fibre (DSF), epoxidized palm oil (EPO) and cinnamon essential oil (CEO) have been used to produce thin film via the solution casting method. This research study was conducted to optimise the potential effect of DSF content, EPO content and CEO content by determining the tensile properties of PLA Biocomposites. The design of experiments (DOE) via response surface methodology was used to analyse the results. The optimum values for the tensile properties of PLA biocomposite were found at 3 wt% DSF, 5 wt% EPO and 1 wt% of CEO. The optimum tensile strength and tensile modulus of PLA composite were 24.9 and 375.9 MPa, respectively. The DSF content influences the tensile properties of PLA biocomposite, followed by the EPO content and CEO content based on the analysis of variance. The P value of both responses in the design of experiments is less than 0.05 which verifies that the tensile properties model is significant. The coefficient, R^2, for tensile strength is 0.8908, while the coefficient result of the tensile modulus is 0.8916.
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Impregnation of Cinnamon Essential Oil into Plasticised Polylactic Acid Biocomposite Film for Active Food Packaging
Journal of Packaging Technology and Research, 2017Co-Authors: Hazleen Anuar, M. A. Siti Nur E’zzati, A. R. Siti Munirah Salimah, A. B. Nur Fatin Izzati, S. M. Sharifah Nurul Inani, F. B. Ali, M. R. ManshorAbstract:The investigation of environmentally friendly and sustainable food packaging for daily high consumption is necessary to replace existing synthetic packaging. This study reported the effects of antimicrobial agents on the properties of durian skin fibre (DSF)-reinforced plasticised polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposite films produced via solvent casting. Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) was incorporated into the PLA biocomposite at amounts from 0 to 5 wt%. Thermogravimetric analysis showed the lowest weight loss due to biocomposite degradation after 500 °C in 1 wt% CEO film. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the Biocomposites with CEO were less crystalline suggesting that the structure of the biocomposite was less rigid and flexible. CEO improved the barrier properties of the biocomposite by decreasing the water vapour permeability. Biocomposites with CEO also demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The plasticised PLA/DSF biocomposite with CEO is transparent, indicating potential as an active food packaging material.
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mechanical thermal and morphological properties of durian skin fibre reinforced pla Biocomposites
Materials & Design, 2014Co-Authors: M. R. Manshor, Hazleen Anuar, M Nur N Aimi, M Ahmad I Fitrie, W Wan B Nazri, S M Sapuan, Y A Elshekeil, Mat Uzir WahitAbstract:Abstract Durian skin waste generated by durian fruit or Durio zibethinus Murray show potential as a new reinforcement based-natural fibre. Similar to other lignocellulosic fibre, durian skin fibre (DSF) is capable in reinforcing polylactic acid (PLA) through extrusion and injection moulding processes for various applications. In current study, the effects of fibre content and pre-treatment using 4% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on DSF were investigated on impact and thermal properties of PLA Biocomposites. Treated DSF significantly enhanced the properties of PLA Biocomposites as compared to untreated biocomposite. PLA can be replaced by 30 wt% DSF for similar impact performance. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) demonstrated that pre-treated DSF improved the thermal stability of PLA biocomposite. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed the presence of pre-treated DSF minimally enhanced the glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc) and melting temperature (Tm) relative to untreated DSF which suggests on better reinforcement with NaOH pre-treatment.