The Experts below are selected from a list of 17775 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ana Elías - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Downstream bioprocessing of CS2-polluted emissions: Innovative use of a black slag in mixed Biofilters
Chemical Engineering Science, 2015Co-Authors: Naiara Rojo, Ana Elías, Miriam Guivernau, Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Gorka Gallastegui, Josep Illa, Astrid BaronaAbstract:Black slag from an electric arc furnace (EAF) was used as an innovative inorganic co-packing material in organic Biofilters for the biodegradation of CS2-polluted gases. The effect on Biofilter performance of increasing the inlet concentration (IC) and reducing the empty bed residence time (EBRT) was evaluated in three Biofilters packed with different bed configurations. Macrokinetic modelling pointed to a lower CS2 biodegradation activity related to the presence of the slag. Nevertheless, the presence of black slag improved long-term Biofilter performance, and the maximum elimination capacity (43 g m−3 h−1) was recorded in the Biofilter packed with a mixed support. Molecular profiling of the eubacterial populations demonstrated the ubiquitous presence of the potential CS2 degrading species Thiomonas intermedia. Co-packing with EAF slag also prompted the development of a more complex microbial community encompassing halophilic species involved in the metabolism of sulphur compounds (i.e. Thiohalophilus spp. and Paracoccus thiocyanatus).
-
Role of Thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Miriam Guivernau, Naiara Rojo, Gorka Gallastegui, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS_2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS_2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS_2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS_2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS_2 m^−3 h^−1 were reached. The CS_2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus , known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS_2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS_2 polluted gases (IL
-
role of thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X Prenafetaboldu, Naiara Rojo, Miriam Guivernau, Gorka Gallastegui, Marc Vinas, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS2 m−3 h−1 were reached. The CS2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus, known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS2 polluted gases (IL <12 g CS2 m−3 h−1), provided that the development of the adequate microorganisms is favored, either upon enrichment or by inoculation. The importance of applying culture-independent techniques for microbial community analysis as a diagnostic tool in the biofiltration of recalcitrant compounds has been highlighted.
Naiara Rojo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Downstream bioprocessing of CS2-polluted emissions: Innovative use of a black slag in mixed Biofilters
Chemical Engineering Science, 2015Co-Authors: Naiara Rojo, Ana Elías, Miriam Guivernau, Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Gorka Gallastegui, Josep Illa, Astrid BaronaAbstract:Black slag from an electric arc furnace (EAF) was used as an innovative inorganic co-packing material in organic Biofilters for the biodegradation of CS2-polluted gases. The effect on Biofilter performance of increasing the inlet concentration (IC) and reducing the empty bed residence time (EBRT) was evaluated in three Biofilters packed with different bed configurations. Macrokinetic modelling pointed to a lower CS2 biodegradation activity related to the presence of the slag. Nevertheless, the presence of black slag improved long-term Biofilter performance, and the maximum elimination capacity (43 g m−3 h−1) was recorded in the Biofilter packed with a mixed support. Molecular profiling of the eubacterial populations demonstrated the ubiquitous presence of the potential CS2 degrading species Thiomonas intermedia. Co-packing with EAF slag also prompted the development of a more complex microbial community encompassing halophilic species involved in the metabolism of sulphur compounds (i.e. Thiohalophilus spp. and Paracoccus thiocyanatus).
-
Role of Thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Miriam Guivernau, Naiara Rojo, Gorka Gallastegui, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS_2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS_2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS_2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS_2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS_2 m^−3 h^−1 were reached. The CS_2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus , known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS_2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS_2 polluted gases (IL
-
role of thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X Prenafetaboldu, Naiara Rojo, Miriam Guivernau, Gorka Gallastegui, Marc Vinas, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS2 m−3 h−1 were reached. The CS2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus, known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS2 polluted gases (IL <12 g CS2 m−3 h−1), provided that the development of the adequate microorganisms is favored, either upon enrichment or by inoculation. The importance of applying culture-independent techniques for microbial community analysis as a diagnostic tool in the biofiltration of recalcitrant compounds has been highlighted.
Miriam Guivernau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Downstream bioprocessing of CS2-polluted emissions: Innovative use of a black slag in mixed Biofilters
Chemical Engineering Science, 2015Co-Authors: Naiara Rojo, Ana Elías, Miriam Guivernau, Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Gorka Gallastegui, Josep Illa, Astrid BaronaAbstract:Black slag from an electric arc furnace (EAF) was used as an innovative inorganic co-packing material in organic Biofilters for the biodegradation of CS2-polluted gases. The effect on Biofilter performance of increasing the inlet concentration (IC) and reducing the empty bed residence time (EBRT) was evaluated in three Biofilters packed with different bed configurations. Macrokinetic modelling pointed to a lower CS2 biodegradation activity related to the presence of the slag. Nevertheless, the presence of black slag improved long-term Biofilter performance, and the maximum elimination capacity (43 g m−3 h−1) was recorded in the Biofilter packed with a mixed support. Molecular profiling of the eubacterial populations demonstrated the ubiquitous presence of the potential CS2 degrading species Thiomonas intermedia. Co-packing with EAF slag also prompted the development of a more complex microbial community encompassing halophilic species involved in the metabolism of sulphur compounds (i.e. Thiohalophilus spp. and Paracoccus thiocyanatus).
-
Role of Thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Miriam Guivernau, Naiara Rojo, Gorka Gallastegui, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS_2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS_2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS_2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS_2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS_2 m^−3 h^−1 were reached. The CS_2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus , known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS_2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS_2 polluted gases (IL
-
role of thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X Prenafetaboldu, Naiara Rojo, Miriam Guivernau, Gorka Gallastegui, Marc Vinas, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS2 m−3 h−1 were reached. The CS2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus, known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS2 polluted gases (IL <12 g CS2 m−3 h−1), provided that the development of the adequate microorganisms is favored, either upon enrichment or by inoculation. The importance of applying culture-independent techniques for microbial community analysis as a diagnostic tool in the biofiltration of recalcitrant compounds has been highlighted.
Gorka Gallastegui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Downstream bioprocessing of CS2-polluted emissions: Innovative use of a black slag in mixed Biofilters
Chemical Engineering Science, 2015Co-Authors: Naiara Rojo, Ana Elías, Miriam Guivernau, Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Gorka Gallastegui, Josep Illa, Astrid BaronaAbstract:Black slag from an electric arc furnace (EAF) was used as an innovative inorganic co-packing material in organic Biofilters for the biodegradation of CS2-polluted gases. The effect on Biofilter performance of increasing the inlet concentration (IC) and reducing the empty bed residence time (EBRT) was evaluated in three Biofilters packed with different bed configurations. Macrokinetic modelling pointed to a lower CS2 biodegradation activity related to the presence of the slag. Nevertheless, the presence of black slag improved long-term Biofilter performance, and the maximum elimination capacity (43 g m−3 h−1) was recorded in the Biofilter packed with a mixed support. Molecular profiling of the eubacterial populations demonstrated the ubiquitous presence of the potential CS2 degrading species Thiomonas intermedia. Co-packing with EAF slag also prompted the development of a more complex microbial community encompassing halophilic species involved in the metabolism of sulphur compounds (i.e. Thiohalophilus spp. and Paracoccus thiocyanatus).
-
Role of Thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X. Prenafeta-boldu, Miriam Guivernau, Naiara Rojo, Gorka Gallastegui, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS_2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS_2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS_2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS_2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS_2 m^−3 h^−1 were reached. The CS_2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus , known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS_2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS_2 polluted gases (IL
-
role of thiobacillus thioparus in the biodegradation of carbon disulfide in a Biofilter packed with a recycled organic pelletized material
Biodegradation, 2014Co-Authors: Francesc X Prenafetaboldu, Naiara Rojo, Miriam Guivernau, Gorka Gallastegui, Marc Vinas, Ana ElíasAbstract:This study reports the biodegradation of carbon disulfide (CS2) in air Biofilters packed with a pelletized mixture of composted manure and sawdust. Experiments were carried out in two lab-scale (1.2 L) biofiltration units. Biofilter B was seeded with activated sludge enriched previously on CS2-degrading biomass under batch conditions, while Biofilter A was left as a negative inoculation control. This inoculum was characterized by an acidic pH and sulfate accumulation, and contained Achromobacter xylosoxidans as the main putative CS2 biodegrading bacterium. Biofilter operation start-up was unsuccessfully attempted under xerophilic conditions and significant CS2 elimination was only achieved in Biofilter A upon the implementation of an intermittent irrigation regime. Sustained removal efficiencies of 90–100 % at an inlet load of up to 12 g CS2 m−3 h−1 were reached. The CS2 removal in this Biofilter was linked to the presence of the chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus thioparus, known among the relatively small number of species with a reported capacity of growing on CS2 as the sole energy source. DGGE molecular profiles confirmed that this microbe had become dominant in Biofilter A while it was not detected in samples from Biofilter B. Conventional Biofilters packed with inexpensive organic materials are suited for the treatment of low-strength CS2 polluted gases (IL <12 g CS2 m−3 h−1), provided that the development of the adequate microorganisms is favored, either upon enrichment or by inoculation. The importance of applying culture-independent techniques for microbial community analysis as a diagnostic tool in the biofiltration of recalcitrant compounds has been highlighted.
George A. Sorial - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Effect of Changing VOC Influent Composition on the Microbial Community Structure of TBABs
Water Air & Soil Pollution: Focus, 2008Co-Authors: Zhangli Cai, George A. Sorial, Kai Zhang, Pascal Saikaly, Maher M. Zein, Daniel B. OertherAbstract:Microbial communities in trickle bed air Biofilters (TBABs) were evaluated under conditions of interchanging the feed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and VOC mixtures. Three independent TBABs (Biofilter “A,” “B,” and “C”) were run under interchanging VOCs conditions with different initial VOCs. Two aromatic compounds (toluene and styrene) and two oxygenated compounds (methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)) were interchanged as single solutes. Two other TBABs “D” and “E” were run for two VOC mixtures. Biofilter “D” had a VOC mixture with equal molar ratio of the four components and Biofilter “E” received a VOC mixture with its composition based on EPA 2003 emission report. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA genes was used to assess the microbial richness in TBABs for treating the VOC mixtures and the impact of interchanging VOCs on the bacterial community structure in the Biofilters. The results from DGGE indicated that the microbial community structure in the Biofilter was different after each interchange of VOCs. Some bands of microbial species faded and some bands were strengthened. For the two TBABs treating VOC mixtures, the microbial species did not show significant difference, but the richness among these species was different from each other.
-
A comparative study in treating two VOC mixtures in trickle bed air Biofilters.
Chemosphere, 2007Co-Authors: Zhangli Cai, Daekeun Kim, George A. SorialAbstract:Two independent parallel trickling bed air Biofilters (TBABs) ("A" and "B") with two different typical VOC mixtures were investigated. Toluene, styrene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) were the target VOCs in the mixtures. Biofilter "A" was fed equal molar ratio of the VOCs and Biofilter "B" was fed a mixture based on EPA 2003 emission report. Backwashing and substrate starvation operation were conducted as biomass control. Biofilter "A" and "B" maintained 99% overall removal efficiency for influent concentration up to 500 and 300 ppmv under backwashing operating condition, respectively. The starvation study indicated that it can be an effective biomass control for influent concentrations up to 250 ppmv for Biofilter "A" and 300 ppmv for "B". Re-acclimation of Biofilter performance was delayed with increase of influent concentration for both Biofilters. Starvation operation helped the Biofilter to recover at low concentrations and delayed re-acclimation at high concentrations. Furthermore, re-acclamation for Biofilter "B" was delayed due to its high toluene content as compared to Biofilter "A". The pseudo first-order removal rate constant decreased with increase of volumetric loading rate for both Biofilters. MEK and MIBK were completely removed in the upper 3/8 media depth. While Biofilter depth utilization for the removal of styrene and toluene increased with increase of influent concentrations for both Biofilters. However, toluene removal utilized more Biofilter depth for Biofilter "B" as compared to Biofilter "A".
-
Development of Trickle-Bed Air Biofilter
Environmental Technologies and Trends, 1997Co-Authors: Makram T. Suidan, George A. Sorial, Francis L. Smith, Richard C. BrennerAbstract:The 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act have stimulated strong interest in the use of air Biofilters for the control of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in effluent air streams. Biofilters are specially suited for the treatment of gas streams contaminated with low to moderate concentrations of VOCs. The effectiveness of three Biofilter media was compared; a peat mixture, a channelized medium, and a pelletized medium. Toluene was used as the model VOC. The performance of the peat Biofilter was found to be very sensitive to air temperature, and feed toluene concentration, while the channelized medium Biofilter suffered from short circuiting induced by uneven biomass accumulation. Furthermore, biomass removal from this medium was not practical. The pelletized medium appeared to be the medium of choice. It provided for a resilient and effective trickle bed air Biofilter (TBAB) that combined efficient treatment at high organic loads and ease of biomass control.
-
Performance of trickle bed Biofilters under high toluene loading
1995Co-Authors: George A. Sorial, Francis L. Smith, Amit Pandit, Makram T. Suidan, Pratim BiswasAbstract:The performance of two pelletized media Biofilters, highly loaded with toluene, was evaluated in this study. Both Biofilters were operated at the same influent concentration of 250 ppmv toluene. Biofilter `A` was operated at 1 minute EBRT and Biofilter `B` at 0.67 minute EBRT. The impact of backwash duration on performance was studied for both Biofilters, primarily the stability of performance between backwashings. This Biofilter behavior indicated that increasing the backwash period from 1 to 2 hours was effective in improving the performance stability of both Biofilters. This improved performance stability is due to reduction of short circuiting within the media, caused by accumulating biomass.