The Experts below are selected from a list of 594 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ajay K. Dalai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
one pot synthesis of canola oil based Biolubricants catalyzed by moo3 al2o3 and process optimization study
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Asish K. R. Somidi, Umashankar Das, Ajay K. DalaiAbstract:Abstract Research on the formulations of vegetable oils into Biolubricants has gained significant interest due to their promising lubricity and eco-friendly properties. The epoxidation of unsaturated groups in vegetable oil followed by epoxide ring opening by acetic anhydride provides vicinal di- O -acetylated glyceryl fatty acid esters as a stable and potential biolubricant. The present study is emphasized on the development of a single and novel heterogeneous catalyst for both the reaction steps (epoxidation and di- O -acetylation) to produce Biolubricants from canola oil and canola biodiesel (methyl fatty acid esters). Group VI metal oxides (Cr, W and Mo) impregnated on aluminium oxide were prepared and screened for their catalytic activity on the epoxidation and vicinal di- O -acetylation steps. MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 was found to be the most effective catalyst for the epoxidation of canola oil and canola biodiesel, and its further conversion to corresponding vicinal di- O -acetylated derivatives (Biolubricants). The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for optimizing the process conditions and statistical analysis for both the reaction steps separately. Based on the process optimization study, 10 wt% MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 was found to be the best catalyst for 100% conversion of unsaturated groups to the epoxide and its further conversion to vicinal di- O -acetylated products in one-pot synthesis. All the products were confirmed by 1 H NMR and mass spectrometry. The physico-chemical characterization of MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 was carried out to evaluate and understand the properties required for effective catalysis. This study discloses MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 as a promising catalyst for the synthesis of Biolubricants from vegetable oils.
-
Preparation and properties evaluation of Biolubricants derived from canola oil and canola biodiesel.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Rajesh V. Sharma, Asish K. R. Somidi, Ajay K. DalaiAbstract:This study demonstrates the evaluation and comparison of the lubricity properties of the Biolubricants prepared from the feed stocks such as canola oil and canola biodiesel. Biolubricant from canola biodiesel has a low cloud and pour point properties, better friction and antiwear properties, low phase transition temperature, is less viscous, and has the potential to substitute petroleum-based automotive lubricants. Biolubricant from canola oil has high thermal stability and is more viscous and more effective at higher temperature conditions. This study elucidates that both the Biolubricants are attractive, renewable, and ecofriendly substitutes for the petroleum-based lubricants.
-
Comparative study of tribological properties of trimethylolpropane-based Biolubricants derived from methyl oleate and canola biodiesel
Industrial Crops and Products, 2013Co-Authors: Phani K. Sripada, Rajesh V. Sharma, Ajay K. DalaiAbstract:Abstract A class of industrial-grade Biolubricants was synthesized from methyl oleate and canola ( Brassica napus ) biodiesel by transesterification with trimethylolpropane (TMP) using sodium methoxide as catalyst. Model transesterification reactions were performed with methyl oleate to optimize the reaction conditions to obtain maximum yield of TMP trioleate. Methyl oleate-derived biolubricant with TMP triester composition of 91.2% was obtained after 5 h. Under similar reaction conditions, canola biodiesel-derived biolubricant comprising of 90.9% of TMP triesters was obtained. Both Biolubricants were evaluated for their tribological properties using ASTM and AOCS standards. They exhibited very high viscosity indices, excellent low temperature properties and moderate oxidative stabilities. The lubricity of the Biolubricants was tested on a High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) apparatus by measuring wear scar diameter on a test sample. Canola biodiesel-derived biolubricant was found to perform better than methyl oleate-derived biolubricant based on HFRR test. Both Biolubricants met ISO VG 46 specifications.
Denise M G Freire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
enzymatic synthesis of neopentyl glycol bases Biolubricants using biodiesel from soybean and castor bean as raw materials
Renewable Energy, 2020Co-Authors: Erika C G Aguieiras, José André Cavalcanti Da Silva, Elisa D C Cavalcanti, Priscila Rufino Da Silva, Roberto Fernandezlafuente, Valeria Ferreira Soares, Charles Lima Bessa Assuncao, Denise M G FreireAbstract:Abstract Synthetic oleochemical esters represents a growing alternative for mineral oil-based lubricants. In this sense, the present study shows the results of enzymatic synthesis of neopentyl glycol-bases Biolubricants using biodiesel from soybean and castor bean as raw materials. The potential of two commercial immobilized lipases, lipase B from Candida antarctica (Novozyme 435) and lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme RM IM), to produce NPG esters in a solvent-free medium was evaluated. High conversions (>95%) were obtained for both raw materials, with both enzymes, but in a shorter reaction time for soybean biodiesel (24 h) than castor biodiesel (48 h). Both enzymes could be successfully reused for six reactions, Novozyme 435 maintained ≥70% of the initial conversion using the two raw materials and Lipozyme RM IM maintained ≥90% of the first reaction conversion using castor biodiesel. The soybean NPG esters showed good viscosity index, higher than 198, and the castor NPG esters showed good pour point, lower than −20 °C, and good oxidative stability, higher than 30 min. The physico-chemical properties of the Biolubricants were dependent on the biodiesel source which directly influence the final application of the products.
-
Bioprocess development for biolubricant production using microbial oil derived via fermentation from confectionery industry wastes
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Aikaterini Papadaki, Keysson Vieira Fernandes, José André Cavalcanti Da Silva, Afroditi Chatzifragkou, Seraphim Papanikolaou, Roberto Fernandez-lafuente, Erika C G Aguieiras, Athanasios A. Koutinas, Denise M G FreireAbstract:Abstract Microbial oil produced from confectionery and wheat milling side streams has been evaluated as novel feedstock for biolubricant production. Nutrient-rich fermentation media were produced by a two-step bioprocess involving crude enzyme production by solid state fermentation followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of confectionery industry waste. Among 5 yeast strains and 2 fungal strains cultivated on the crude hydrolysate, Rhodosporidium toruloides and Cryptococcus curvatus were selected for further evaluation for biolubricant production based on fermentation efficiency and fatty acid composition. The extracted microbial oils were enzymatically hydrolysed and the free fatty acids were esterified by Lipomod 34-MDP in a solvent-free system with trimethylolpropane (TMP) and neopentyl glycol (NPG). The highest conversion yields were 88% and 82.7% for NPG esters of R. toruloides and C. curvatus, respectively. This study also demonstrates that NPG esters produced from microbial oil have promising physicochemical properties for bio-based lubricant formulations that could substitute for conventional lubricants.
-
Two-step enzymatic production of environmentally friendly Biolubricants using castor oil: Enzyme selection and product characterization
Fuel, 2017Co-Authors: J. Greco-duarte, E. D. Cavalcanti-oliveira, J. A.c. Da Silva, Roberto Fernandez-lafuente, Denise M G FreireAbstract:We performed two-step enzymatic biolubricant production: castor oil hydrolysis and esterification of castor oil free fatty acids (COFFA) rich in ricinoleic acid. The hydrolysis step utilized castor seeds as catalyst yielding 93.13 ± 5.9% COFFA in only 1 h. In the esterification step, C. rugosa lipase (CRL) decreased the acidity by over 80% after 96 h, utilizing as polyols neopenthylglicol (NPG), trimethylolpropane (TMP) and pentaerytritol (PE) and showed about 70% acidity decrease without polyols, indicating the production of COFFA polymers (estolides). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed estolides as the main product, reaching a polymerization degree of 6/7 without polyols, 4 in the presence of PE and ricinoleic acid dimers in the presence of NPG and TMP. Analyses of biolubricant properties showed that the best product was the estolide with a polymerization degree of 6/7: viscosity index of 162, oxidation stability of 51 min and pour point of −42 °C.
-
rapid determination of the synthetic activity of lipases esterases via transesterification and esterification zymography
Fuel, 2016Co-Authors: Jaqueline Greco Duarte, José André Cavalcanti Da Silva, Roberto Fernandezlafuente, Kassia Leoneignacio, Denise M G FreireAbstract:A new simple and extremely versatile zymography method based on transesterification and esterification reactions was developed in this work. The method consists in building a transesterification or esterification reaction medium according to the goal of the research. Since commercial enzymes and crude extracts commonly consist in pools of proteins, this methodology provides a means to determine which protein are responsible for the enzymatic activity desired. The protocol may be potentially used as a high-throughput screening of lipases or esterases that catalyzes the synthesis reaction for biodiesel and Biolubricants production.
Emad Yousif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Thermo-oxidation, friction-reducing and physicochemical properties of ricinoleic acid based-diester Biolubricants
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Nadia Salih, Jumat Salimon, Bashar Mudhaffar Abdullah, Emad YousifAbstract:Abstract A major global effort is currently underway to reduce dependence on petroleum products and minimize the impact of their derivatives on the environment. Plant oils are being investigated as a potential source of environmentally favorable lubricants given their combination of biodegradability, renewability and excellent lubrication performance. Low oxidation and thermal stability, poor low-temperature properties and a narrow range of available viscosities, however, limit their potential application as industrial Biolubricants. The chemical modification of plant fatty acid structures has great potential for improving the physicochemical and friction-reducing properties of these compounds. This paper presents the thermo-oxidation, friction-reducing and physicochemical properties of a series of diester compounds derived from ricinoleic acid as biolubricant basestocks. The results indicated that among the synthesized ricinoleic acid-based diester compounds, octyl 10,12-dihydroxy-9-behenoxystearate 16 has the lowest pour point (−53.26 °C), while octyl 10,12-dihydroxy-9-octyloxystearate 10 has the highest onset temperature (128.98 °C) and the lowest volatile loss and quantity of insoluble deposits (68.78% and 77.25%, respectively). The friction-reducing results indicate an improvement occurred in the presence of longer mid-chain esters and an increased polarity in the ester functional group. The data indicate that some synthesized derivatives have significant potential as environmentally friendly biolubricant basestocks.
-
Polyesters Based on Linoleic Acid for Biolubricant Basestocks: Low-Temperature, Tribological and Rheological Properties.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Bashar Mudhaffar Abdullah, Emad Yousif, Saiful Irwan Zubairi, Hasniza Zaman Huri, Nany Hairunisa, Roma Choudhury BasuAbstract:Presently, plant oils which contain high percentage of linoleic acid 1 are perceived to be a viable alternative to mineral oil for biolubricant applications due to their biodegradability and technical properties. In order to get biodegradable lubricant, triester derivatives compounds (1-5) were synthesized and characterized. The processes involved were monoepoxidation of linoleic acid 2, oxirane ring opening 3, esterification 4 and acylation 5. The structures of the products were confirmed by FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR and LC-MS. The results that showed lowest temperature properties were obtained for triester 5, with a pour point value (PP) of -73°C, highest onset temperature (260°C) and lowest volatility at 0.30%. Viscosity index (VI) increased for the ester's synthetic compounds (2, 3, 4, 5), while the PP decreased. This behavior is the result of the increase of the chain length of the branching agents. Triester based linoleic acid has improved properties such as low-temperature and tribological properties. These results will make it feasible for plant oil to be used for Biolubricants, fuels in chain saws, transmission oil and brake fluid.
-
biolubricant basestocks from chemically modified plant oils ricinoleic acid based tetraesters
Chemistry Central Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Nadia Salih, Jumat Salimon, Emad Yousif, Bashar Mudhaffar AbdullahAbstract:Plant oils have been investigated as a potential source of environmentally favorable Biolubricants because of their biodegradability, renewability and excellent lubrication performance. Low oxidation and thermal stability, poor low-temperature properties and a narrow range of available viscosities, however, limit their potential application as industrial lubricants. The inherent problems of plant oils can be improved by attaching functional groups at the sites of unsaturation through chemical modifications. In this article, we will demonstrate how functionalization helps overcome these disadvantages. In this work, mono-, tri- and tetra-esters have been synthesized, including 10,12-dihydroxy-9-(stearoyloxy)octadecanoic acid 3; 9,10,12-tris(stearoyloxy)octadecanoic acid 4; and 18-(4-ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5. Pour-point and cloud-point measurements have shown that these derivatives have improved low-temperature properties as compared to the precursor. The tetra ester compound, 18-(4-ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5, had the lowest pour point (PP) (−44.37°C) and the lowest cloud point (CP) (−41.25°C). This derivatization also improved the compound’s thermo-oxidative stability, measured using pressurized differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) and thin-film micro-oxidation (TFMO) testing. 18-(4-Ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5 also had the highest onset temperature (OT) (282.10°C) and the lowest volatile loss and insoluble deposit (37.39% and 50.87%, respectively). Furthermore, the compounds’ tribological behaviors were evaluated using the four-ball method. 18-(4-Ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5 also had the lowest coefficient of friction (μ) (0.44). The results showed that, in general, these derivatives have good anti-wear and friction-reducing properties at relatively low concentrations under all of the test loads. Overall, the data indicates that these derivatives have significant potential to be used as biolubricant basestocks.
-
Biolubricant basestocks from chemically modified ricinoleic acid
Journal of King Saud University - Science, 2012Co-Authors: Jumat Salimon, Nadia Salih, Emad YousifAbstract:Abstract This paper presents a series of chemically modified biolubricant basestocks derived from ricinoleic acid. The reactions were monitored and products were confirmed by NMR and FTIR. The synthesis protocol is carried out in three stages: (1) epoxidation of ricinoleic acid; (2) synthesis of 10,12-dihydroxy-9-acyloxystearic acid from epoxidized ricinoleic acid; (3) esterification of the acyloxystearic acid products with 2-ethylhexanol to yield 2-ethylhexyl-10,12-dihydroxy-9-acyloxystearate. The viscosity index, flash point, pour points (PP), and oxidative stability of the resulting products were measured. The resulting esters could plausibly be used as bio-based industrial materials in Biolubricants, surfactants, or fuel because they have improved physicochemical properties.
-
Improvement of pour point and oxidative stability of synthetic ester basestocks for biolubricant applications
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Jumat Salimon, Nadia Salih, Emad YousifAbstract:Abstract For environmental reasons, as well as the dwindling source of petroleum, a new class of environmentally acceptable and renewable Biolubricants based on plant oils is available. Even though plant oils possess excellent lubricant-related properties, there are some concerns about using it as biolubricant base oil. In this study we present a series of structures derived from oleic acid to be used as synthetic biolubricant basestocks. Measuring of pour point (PP), flash point, viscosity index (VI), oxidation onset temperature (OT) and signal maximum temperature (SMT) was carried out for each compound. Furthermore, the friction and wear properties were measured using a high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR). The resulting product structures were confirmed by NMR and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The results showed that ethylhexyl 9-(octanoyloxy)-10-(behenoxy)octadecanoate with behenyl mid-chain ester exhibited the most favorable low temperature performance (PP −48 °C) and ethylhexyl 9-(octanoyloxy)-10-(octyloxy)octadecanoate octyl mid-chain ester exhibited higher oxidation stability (OT 142 °C) than the other synthetic ester oils. On the other hand, the highest ball wear scan diameter was obtained for ethylhexyl 9-(octanoyloxy)-10-(behenoxy)octadecanoate while the lowest value was obtained for 9-hydroxy-10-octyloxyoctadecanoic acid. Overall, it was concluded that these synthetic ester oils have potential in formulation of industrial fluids for different temperature applications.
Jumat Salimon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
d optimal design optimization for esterification of palm fatty acids distillate with polyhydric alcohols for Biolubricants production
Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering-international English Edition, 2021Co-Authors: Nadia Salih, Majd Ahmed Jumaah, Jumat SalimonAbstract:Plant-based biolubricant is crucial to be developed and adopted for many industries. This is due to the presence toxicity risk, climate change, energy security as well green-environmental approach issues. The utilization of palm oil processing industries by-product, palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD-based Biolubricants is one way of green environment approach. A synthesis of polyol esters based on PFAD for Biolubricants was carried out. The esterification of PFAD with high degree polyhydric alcohols trimethylolpropane (TMP), di-trimethylopropane (di-TMP), pentaerythritol (PE) and di-pentaerythritol (Di-PE) in the presence of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) catalyst have been performed. The optimization of the esterification reaction process was evaluated using D-optimal design based on three reaction parameters; H2SO4 concentration (%) for the catalyst, esterification time (h) and esterification temperature (°C). The chemical structure of the synthesized polyol esters was characterized and confirmed by using FTIR and NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopies. The results showed that PFAD-based polyesters of PFAD-TMP ester successfully produced in high yields of 93% compared to others. The synthesized PFAD-based polyesters showed good lubrication properties with high viscosity indices in the range of 141-187, pour points (-5 to 5 oC), flash points (230-360 oC), and oxidative stability temperature (188-301 °C), respectively. The ester functional group presence in their chemicals structure of PFAD-based polyesters showed positive impact on the lubrication properties. The study indicated that the PFAD-based polyesters are plausible to be used as industrial Biolubricants application.
-
Thermo-oxidation, friction-reducing and physicochemical properties of ricinoleic acid based-diester Biolubricants
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Nadia Salih, Jumat Salimon, Bashar Mudhaffar Abdullah, Emad YousifAbstract:Abstract A major global effort is currently underway to reduce dependence on petroleum products and minimize the impact of their derivatives on the environment. Plant oils are being investigated as a potential source of environmentally favorable lubricants given their combination of biodegradability, renewability and excellent lubrication performance. Low oxidation and thermal stability, poor low-temperature properties and a narrow range of available viscosities, however, limit their potential application as industrial Biolubricants. The chemical modification of plant fatty acid structures has great potential for improving the physicochemical and friction-reducing properties of these compounds. This paper presents the thermo-oxidation, friction-reducing and physicochemical properties of a series of diester compounds derived from ricinoleic acid as biolubricant basestocks. The results indicated that among the synthesized ricinoleic acid-based diester compounds, octyl 10,12-dihydroxy-9-behenoxystearate 16 has the lowest pour point (−53.26 °C), while octyl 10,12-dihydroxy-9-octyloxystearate 10 has the highest onset temperature (128.98 °C) and the lowest volatile loss and quantity of insoluble deposits (68.78% and 77.25%, respectively). The friction-reducing results indicate an improvement occurred in the presence of longer mid-chain esters and an increased polarity in the ester functional group. The data indicate that some synthesized derivatives have significant potential as environmentally friendly biolubricant basestocks.
-
Synthesis, reactivity and application studies for different Biolubricants
Chemistry Central Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Jumat Salimon, Bashar M. Abdullah, Rahimi M. Yusop, Nadia SalihAbstract:Vegetable oils have different unique properties owing to their unique chemical structure. Vegetable oils have a greater ability to lubricate and have higher viscosity indices. Therefore, they are being more closely examined as base oil for Biolubricants and functional fluids. In spite of their many advantages, vegetable oils suffer from two major drawbacks of inadequate oxidative stability and poor low-temperature properties, which hinder their utilization as biolubricant base oils. Transforming alkene groups in fatty acids to other stable functional groups could improve the oxidative stability, whereas reducing structural uniformity of the oil by attaching alkyl side chains could improve the low-temperature performance. In that light, the epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is very interesting as it can provide diverse side chains arising from the mono- or di-epoxidation of the unsaturated fatty acid. Oxirane ring opening by an acid-catalyzed reaction with a suitable reagent provides interesting polyfunctional compounds.
-
biolubricant basestocks from chemically modified plant oils ricinoleic acid based tetraesters
Chemistry Central Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Nadia Salih, Jumat Salimon, Emad Yousif, Bashar Mudhaffar AbdullahAbstract:Plant oils have been investigated as a potential source of environmentally favorable Biolubricants because of their biodegradability, renewability and excellent lubrication performance. Low oxidation and thermal stability, poor low-temperature properties and a narrow range of available viscosities, however, limit their potential application as industrial lubricants. The inherent problems of plant oils can be improved by attaching functional groups at the sites of unsaturation through chemical modifications. In this article, we will demonstrate how functionalization helps overcome these disadvantages. In this work, mono-, tri- and tetra-esters have been synthesized, including 10,12-dihydroxy-9-(stearoyloxy)octadecanoic acid 3; 9,10,12-tris(stearoyloxy)octadecanoic acid 4; and 18-(4-ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5. Pour-point and cloud-point measurements have shown that these derivatives have improved low-temperature properties as compared to the precursor. The tetra ester compound, 18-(4-ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5, had the lowest pour point (PP) (−44.37°C) and the lowest cloud point (CP) (−41.25°C). This derivatization also improved the compound’s thermo-oxidative stability, measured using pressurized differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) and thin-film micro-oxidation (TFMO) testing. 18-(4-Ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5 also had the highest onset temperature (OT) (282.10°C) and the lowest volatile loss and insoluble deposit (37.39% and 50.87%, respectively). Furthermore, the compounds’ tribological behaviors were evaluated using the four-ball method. 18-(4-Ethylhexyloxy)-18-oxooctadecane-7,9,10-triyl tristearate 5 also had the lowest coefficient of friction (μ) (0.44). The results showed that, in general, these derivatives have good anti-wear and friction-reducing properties at relatively low concentrations under all of the test loads. Overall, the data indicates that these derivatives have significant potential to be used as biolubricant basestocks.
-
Production Of Biolubricant Based On Jatropha Curcas Oil And Linear Alcohol Abstract
2013Co-Authors: Nina Adriani, Jumat SalimonAbstract:The use of oils and fats for lubrication purposes has been practiced for many years. This is starting that realized since the mineral oil in a limited number. In this research, the production of biolubricant based plant oil is Jatropha Curcas oil and linear alcohol. Oil produced from the fruits is 44.30%. However, oxidative stability and low pour point are problem for biolubricant. The method used to overcome this problem is epoxidation process and ring opening. Epoxidation process successfully carried out by testing the oxyrane value and also FTIR analysis, where the peak of alkenes is 3007 cm-1. Epoxy peak appeared at 843 and 824 cm-1, which is testament to the success of epoxy ring is formed. Ring opening proved successful with FTIR analysis of the appearance of hydroxyl groups at the peak of 3444 cm-1, the peak of ether in 1097 cm-1, and the loss of epoxy peak. Bioubricant which is produced in the form of alcohol ether is to produce five types of biolubricant, which are decanol ether, dodecanol ether, tetradecanol ether, hexadecanol ether and octadecanol ether. 1H dan 13C NMR analysis is also succeeded in proving the presence of key functional groups for the fifth type of Biolubricants. In terms of viscosity and flash point, lubricant successful enhanced oil-based plants, but not succeded to reduce the pour point.
Rajesh V. Sharma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Preparation and properties evaluation of Biolubricants derived from canola oil and canola biodiesel.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Rajesh V. Sharma, Asish K. R. Somidi, Ajay K. DalaiAbstract:This study demonstrates the evaluation and comparison of the lubricity properties of the Biolubricants prepared from the feed stocks such as canola oil and canola biodiesel. Biolubricant from canola biodiesel has a low cloud and pour point properties, better friction and antiwear properties, low phase transition temperature, is less viscous, and has the potential to substitute petroleum-based automotive lubricants. Biolubricant from canola oil has high thermal stability and is more viscous and more effective at higher temperature conditions. This study elucidates that both the Biolubricants are attractive, renewable, and ecofriendly substitutes for the petroleum-based lubricants.
-
Comparative study of tribological properties of trimethylolpropane-based Biolubricants derived from methyl oleate and canola biodiesel
Industrial Crops and Products, 2013Co-Authors: Phani K. Sripada, Rajesh V. Sharma, Ajay K. DalaiAbstract:Abstract A class of industrial-grade Biolubricants was synthesized from methyl oleate and canola ( Brassica napus ) biodiesel by transesterification with trimethylolpropane (TMP) using sodium methoxide as catalyst. Model transesterification reactions were performed with methyl oleate to optimize the reaction conditions to obtain maximum yield of TMP trioleate. Methyl oleate-derived biolubricant with TMP triester composition of 91.2% was obtained after 5 h. Under similar reaction conditions, canola biodiesel-derived biolubricant comprising of 90.9% of TMP triesters was obtained. Both Biolubricants were evaluated for their tribological properties using ASTM and AOCS standards. They exhibited very high viscosity indices, excellent low temperature properties and moderate oxidative stabilities. The lubricity of the Biolubricants was tested on a High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) apparatus by measuring wear scar diameter on a test sample. Canola biodiesel-derived biolubricant was found to perform better than methyl oleate-derived biolubricant based on HFRR test. Both Biolubricants met ISO VG 46 specifications.