The Experts below are selected from a list of 222 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
T Ramachandran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of Biopolishing on certain physical properties of cotton fabrics
Colourage, 2010Co-Authors: D Saravanan, R Rajendran, E M Rajesh, T RamachandranAbstract:Cellulases are, increasingly, being used in the Biopolishing of cotton fabrics to enhance the handle value of the fabrics. Though the effects of cellulase hydrolysis remain as the surface phenomena, changes in many physical aspects of the fabrics like weight, moisture properties, tensile and low stress mechanical properties take place during the processing. Improvement in the handle value is obtained on account of the changes that take place during the reaction.
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Biopolishing of cotton fabrics with total cellulases of trichoderma reesei and optimization using taguchi methods
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009Co-Authors: D Saravanan, C Dinesh, S Karthikeyan, A Vivekanandan, G Nalankilli, T RamachandranAbstract:Biopolishing of cotton fabrics enhances appearance and handle of the fabrics without compromising on essential properties. Process of Biopolishing is influenced by concentration of cellulases, temperature, pH, and duration of treatment, besides the activity levels of enzymes, method of mechanical agitations and construction features of fabrics. Optimization of process parameters, including mechanical agitations and fabric construction features, has been carried out using Taguchi methods followed by analysis of variance and confirmation tests. All the design parameters, used in the study, have predominant influence on weight loss, fabric strength after Biopolishing while thickness, bursting strength, abrasion losses, and flexural rigidity of the fabrics were significantly influenced by the concentration of cellulases together with duration of treatment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
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a review on influential behaviour of Biopolishing on dyeability and certain physico mechanical properties of cotton fabrics
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2009Co-Authors: D Saravanan, N S Vasanthi, T RamachandranAbstract:Biopolishing treatment, given to the cotton fabrics using cellulases, often influences dyebility and certain physical properties of the fabrics after treatments, besides improving appearance and handle values. Cellulase treatments prior to dyeing facilitate the dyeing process subsequently, while reactions of cellulases are retarded by the dyestuff present in the fabrics to different extents. Removal of protruding fibres imparts smooth appearance and defibrillation of cotton fibres alters the moisture absorption properties of the fabrics. Reduction in fabric strength, increase in elongation at break are also realized in Biopolishing in addition to improved handle values. An attempt has been made to review the influential behaviour of cellulase treatment on dyeability and physical properties of cotton fabrics.
C H Au - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of Biopolishing and uv absorber treatment on the uv protection properties of cotton knitted fabrics
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2014Co-Authors: C H AuAbstract:Abstract Cotton knitted fabrics were manufactured with gauge number 20 G by circular knitting machine with conventional ring spun yarn and torque-free ring spun yarn. Torque-free ring spinning is a new spinning technology that produces yarns with low twist and balanced torque. This study examined whether the impact of Biopolishing and UV absorber treatment on UV protection properties on cotton knitted fabric made of torque-free ring spun yarn is different. Biopolishing agent and UV absorber were used to treat the cotton knitted fabrics after scouring and bleaching. The UV protection properties were measured in terms of UV protection factor (UPF) and UV ray transmittance. Experimental results revealed that knitted fabric made from torque-free ring spun has better UPF than knitted fabric made from conventional ring spun yarn in untreated and biopolished states. However, knitted fabric made from conventional ring spun yarn has better UPF than knitted fabric made from torque-free ring spun after UV absorber treatment and combined UV absorber and Biopolishing treatment.
D Saravanan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biopolishing of cotton fabric with fungal cellulase and its effect on the morphology of cotton fibres
IJFTR Vol.38(2) [June 2013], 2013Co-Authors: D Saravanan, S Sree N Lakshmi, Senthil K Raja, N S VasanthiAbstract:Attempt has been made to analyse structural changes in cotton fibres occurred during Biopolishing using cellulases obtained from Trichoderma reesei. Cellulase hydrolysis results in weight loss of the samples, which, in turn, results in the splitting of fibres and removal of surface irregularities of the fibres as revealed by SEM images. Degree of crystallinity is not influenced by the Biopolishing process due to random hydrolysis of the cellulase enzymes on cotton fibres. Lateral order of the crystallites, measured between (101) and (10 1 ) peaks of the x-ray diffraction reduces from 0.662 to 0.667 on account o f the hydrolysis though the crystallite thickness measured perpendicular to (002) plane remains unchanged. FTIR results reveal the increased -OH bending, CH2 in-plane bending, and C-H vibrations of the cellulose chains in the biopolished cotton samples using cellulase.
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influence of Biopolishing on certain physical properties of cotton fabrics
Colourage, 2010Co-Authors: D Saravanan, R Rajendran, E M Rajesh, T RamachandranAbstract:Cellulases are, increasingly, being used in the Biopolishing of cotton fabrics to enhance the handle value of the fabrics. Though the effects of cellulase hydrolysis remain as the surface phenomena, changes in many physical aspects of the fabrics like weight, moisture properties, tensile and low stress mechanical properties take place during the processing. Improvement in the handle value is obtained on account of the changes that take place during the reaction.
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Biopolishing of cotton fabrics with total cellulases of trichoderma reesei and optimization using taguchi methods
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009Co-Authors: D Saravanan, C Dinesh, S Karthikeyan, A Vivekanandan, G Nalankilli, T RamachandranAbstract:Biopolishing of cotton fabrics enhances appearance and handle of the fabrics without compromising on essential properties. Process of Biopolishing is influenced by concentration of cellulases, temperature, pH, and duration of treatment, besides the activity levels of enzymes, method of mechanical agitations and construction features of fabrics. Optimization of process parameters, including mechanical agitations and fabric construction features, has been carried out using Taguchi methods followed by analysis of variance and confirmation tests. All the design parameters, used in the study, have predominant influence on weight loss, fabric strength after Biopolishing while thickness, bursting strength, abrasion losses, and flexural rigidity of the fabrics were significantly influenced by the concentration of cellulases together with duration of treatment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
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a review on influential behaviour of Biopolishing on dyeability and certain physico mechanical properties of cotton fabrics
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2009Co-Authors: D Saravanan, N S Vasanthi, T RamachandranAbstract:Biopolishing treatment, given to the cotton fabrics using cellulases, often influences dyebility and certain physical properties of the fabrics after treatments, besides improving appearance and handle values. Cellulase treatments prior to dyeing facilitate the dyeing process subsequently, while reactions of cellulases are retarded by the dyestuff present in the fabrics to different extents. Removal of protruding fibres imparts smooth appearance and defibrillation of cotton fibres alters the moisture absorption properties of the fabrics. Reduction in fabric strength, increase in elongation at break are also realized in Biopolishing in addition to improved handle values. An attempt has been made to review the influential behaviour of cellulase treatment on dyeability and physical properties of cotton fabrics.
Jeanette M Cardamone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low-temperature Dyeing of Wool Processed for Shrinkage Control
Textile Research Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Jeanette M Cardamone, William C. DamertAbstract:Wool fabrics treated for shrinkage con- trol by applying a novel two-step ARS process 3 involving an activated peroxide bleach followed by enzyme treatment were dyed at lower tempera- tures within shorter dyeing times than conven- tional dyeing with acid dyes which require 90°C or higher for 60 minutes or longer. The shrinkage con- trol process involved bleaching pretreatment with dicyandiamide in alkaline hydrogen peroxide and with gluconic acid additive at 30°C (86°F) for 30 minutes followed by sulfite-assisted serine pro- tease treatment for Biopolishing and shrinkage pre- vention at 45°C (113°F) for 40 minutes. Dye uptake with time over the temperature range of dyeing showed that untreated fabrics and pretreated fabrics exhibited sigmoidal dyeing behavior with exhaus- tion within 55-70 minutes at 55-60°C. Fabrics pre- treated and subsequently treated with enzyme exhibited exponential dyeing behavior with exhaus- tion within 20-30 minutes at 30-55°C. We attrib- uted low temperature dyeing with reduced dyeing times to changes in wool morphology and chemi- cal structure as documented by both scanning elec- tron and confocal fluorescent microscopy. The ARS process provides shrinkage control with greater ease of bleaching and dyeing.
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Expanding the Utility of the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) process bleaching
Textile Research Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Jeanette M CardamoneAbstract:The Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture conducts research on agricultural products and co-products where wool is a co-product of the American lamb industry. The ARS process, an alternative to conventional peroxide for bleaching and chlorination for shrinkproofing wool, was applied to bleach and control the dimensions of wool, wool/cotton, cotton, and viscose rayon fabrics. Conventional processes for bleaching and shrinkage control have limited economy due to high temperatures and long exposures, and their ecological acceptance is marginal. The ARS process is chemo-enzymatic with bleaching followed by Biopolishing with shrinkproofing, both steps being applied at near-room-temperature conditions for 30—40 minutes to reach high levels of whiteness, softness, and dimensional stability. The novelty of the process involves the in situ formation of a hyper-peroxide bleach to achieve high whiteness with subsequent enzyme processing from a fresh bath to selectively treat only the su...
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Activated Peroxide for Enzymatic Control of Wool Shrinkage Part II: Wool and Other Fiber-type Fabrics
Textile Research Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Jeanette M CardamoneAbstract:In Part I we investigated the mechanism for bleaching wool with activated peroxide in the pretreatment step of the chemoenzymatic ARS process for whitening, Biopolishing, and shrinkage prevention of wool. Here in Part II we report on applying the process to wool woven and knit fabrics of various constructions and fabric weights and to woven fabrics of other fiber compositions. The contribution of relaxation shrinkage to overall shrinkage that includes felting shrinkage is pronounced in wool fabrics, especially knits. The ARS process is specific for controlling felting shrinkage to provide dimensional stability in machine washing and drying. When applied to acetate, cotton, nylon, polyester, viscose, 62% wool/38% cotton, and a wool/Nomex blend the process was most effective for controlling the shrinkage of acetate, cotton, nylon, viscose, and wool/cotton blend. We treated wool, cotton, and viscose at pH 11.5, 30°C for 30 minutes with individual components used in ARS pretreatment: dicyandiamide (DD), gluco...
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combined bleaching shrinkage prevention and Biopolishing of wool fabrics
Textile Research Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Jeanette M Cardamone, John G PhillipsAbstract:In earlier work, we established that alkaline hydrogen peroxide systems that include dicyandiamide, gluconic acid, and Triton X surfactant, used alone or followed by enzyme treatments, control shrinkage in wool fabrics to3.0% and 1.2%, respectively. We have perfected this system for complete shrinkage control with no loss in mechanical properties by using the same pretreatment and enzyme applied from a buffered triethanolamine solution that incorporates sodium sulfite. Fabrics treated by this method are bright white and exhibit a soft handle with a smoothed surface. Digital image analysis is used to quantify fiber projections above the fabric surface for a measurement of smoothness. A statistical analysis with a central composite design reveals the optimum concentrations of enzyme, sodium sulfite, and exposure time that maximize shrinkage control while maintaining adequate levels of tensile strength and weight loss.
Jianwei Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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utilizing cellulase as a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer to combine the Biopolishing and bleaching procedures of cotton cellulose in one bath
Cellulose, 2014Co-Authors: Rui Wang, Li Zhang, Kuanjun Fang, Zongzhong Qi, Peng Jiao, Jianwei TianAbstract:In this research, the stabilization effect of cellulase on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide was investigated for the first time. It was concluded that, regardless of the decomposition mechanism, the cellulase protein could contribute significantly to peroxide stability. This effect stems from the formation of molecular hydrogen bonding between peroxide and cellulase protein or direct sequestering of free metal ions by amino acids in cellulase. Furthermore, based on this stability, a combined Biopolishing and peroxide bleaching protocol was developed to improve cotton quality more efficiently. Afterwards, physicochemical properties such as the weight and strength loss, water absorbency, and carbonyl and carboxyl group content of treated cotton cellulose were measured to show the feasibility of the new method. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicated that the crystallinity index of cotton was increased due to the preferential hydrolysis of amorphous cellulose by cellulase.