Trichoderma

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Myung Soo Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • diversity and effect of Trichoderma isolated from the roots of pinus densiflora within the fairy ring of pine mushroom tricholoma matsutake
    PLOS ONE, 2018
    Co-Authors: Seung-yoon Oh, Myung Soo Park
    Abstract:

    : Pine mushroom (PM, Tricholoma matsutake) is an important ectomycorrhizal fungus in Asia primarily due to its value as a food delicacy. Recent studies have shown that fairy rings of PM have distinctive fungal communities, which suggests that other fungi influence the growth of PM. Trichoderma is a well-known saprotrophic fungus commonly found in pine roots within PM fairy rings; however, little is known about the diversity of Trichoderma associated with PM and how these species influence PM growth. This study focused on diversity of Trichoderma isolated from pine roots within PM fairy rings and how these species affect the growth of PM isolate. Based on tef1a phylogenetic analyses, nine Trichoderma species (261 isolates) were identified. Trichoderma songyi and T. spirale were the dominant species, and Trichoderma community varied geographically. Growth experiments indicated that metabolites from five Trichoderma species had a significant influence on the growth of PM isolates. Metabolites of two Trichoderma species increased PM growth, while those of three Trichoderma species suppressed the growth. Within the fairy rings, Trichoderma that had a positive or neutral effect comprised the majority of Trichoderma communities. The results of this study suggest that various Trichoderma species co-exist within PM fairy rings and that these species influence PM growth.

  • Trichoderma songyi sp. nov., a new species associated with the pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake)
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2014
    Co-Authors: Myung Soo Park, Seung-yoon Oh, Jonathan J Fong, Woo-jae Cheon
    Abstract:

    A new species, Trichoderma songyi , was found to be associated with the pine mushroom ( Tricholoma matsutake ) in Korea. This species was isolated from three different substrates: Tricholoma matsutake basidiomata, as well as roots of Pinus densiflora and soil in the fairy ring. Based on its molecular and phenotypic characteristics, we demonstrate that Trichoderma songyi is unique and distinguishable from closely related species. We performed phylogenetic analyses based on two molecular markers, the genes for both translation elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Trichoderma songyi is closely related to Trichoderma koningii aggregate and Trichoderma caerulescens . Morphologically, Trichoderma songyi can be distinguished from these closely related taxa by its growth rates, colony morphology on PDA in darkness, and coconut-like odour. Due to the economic importance of the pine mushroom, the relationship between Trichoderma songyi and Tricholoma matsutake should be studied further.

Delilah F. Wood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Trichoderma species form endophytic associations within theobroma cacao trichomes
    Fungal Biology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Bryan A. Bailey, Mary D Strem, Delilah F. Wood
    Abstract:

    Trichoderma species are usually considered soil organisms that colonize plant roots, sometimes forming a symbiotic relationship. Recent studies demonstrate that Trichoderma species are also capable of colonizing the above ground tissues of Theobroma cacao (cacao) in what has been characterized as an endophytic relationship. Trichoderma species can be re-isolated from surface sterilized cacao stem tissue, including the bark and xylem, the apical meristem, and to a lesser degree from leaves. SEM analysis of cacao stems colonized by strains of four Trichoderma species (Trichoderma ovalisporum-DIS 70a, Trichoderma hamatum-DIS 219b, Trichoderma koningiopsis-DIS 172ai, or Trichoderma harzianum-DIS 219f) showed a preference for surface colonization of glandular trichomes versus non-glandular trichomes. The Trichoderma strains colonized the glandular trichome tips and formed swellings resembling appresoria. Hyphae were observed emerging from the glandular trichomes on surface sterilized stems from cacao seedlings that had been inoculated with each of the four Trichoderma strains. Fungal hyphae were observed under the microscope emerging from the trichomes as soon as 6 h after their isolation from surface sterilized cacao seedling stems. Hyphae were also observed, in some cases, emerging from stalk cells opposite the trichome head. Repeated single trichome/hyphae isolations verified that the emerging hyphae were the Trichoderma strains with which the cacao seedlings had been inoculated. Strains of four Trichoderma species were able to enter glandular trichomes during the colonization of cacao stems where they survived surface sterilization and could be re-isolated. The penetration of cacao trichomes may provide the entry point for Trichoderma species into the cacao stem allowing systemic colonization of this tissue.

Seung-yoon Oh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • diversity and effect of Trichoderma isolated from the roots of pinus densiflora within the fairy ring of pine mushroom tricholoma matsutake
    PLOS ONE, 2018
    Co-Authors: Seung-yoon Oh, Myung Soo Park
    Abstract:

    : Pine mushroom (PM, Tricholoma matsutake) is an important ectomycorrhizal fungus in Asia primarily due to its value as a food delicacy. Recent studies have shown that fairy rings of PM have distinctive fungal communities, which suggests that other fungi influence the growth of PM. Trichoderma is a well-known saprotrophic fungus commonly found in pine roots within PM fairy rings; however, little is known about the diversity of Trichoderma associated with PM and how these species influence PM growth. This study focused on diversity of Trichoderma isolated from pine roots within PM fairy rings and how these species affect the growth of PM isolate. Based on tef1a phylogenetic analyses, nine Trichoderma species (261 isolates) were identified. Trichoderma songyi and T. spirale were the dominant species, and Trichoderma community varied geographically. Growth experiments indicated that metabolites from five Trichoderma species had a significant influence on the growth of PM isolates. Metabolites of two Trichoderma species increased PM growth, while those of three Trichoderma species suppressed the growth. Within the fairy rings, Trichoderma that had a positive or neutral effect comprised the majority of Trichoderma communities. The results of this study suggest that various Trichoderma species co-exist within PM fairy rings and that these species influence PM growth.

  • Trichoderma songyi sp. nov., a new species associated with the pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake)
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2014
    Co-Authors: Myung Soo Park, Seung-yoon Oh, Jonathan J Fong, Woo-jae Cheon
    Abstract:

    A new species, Trichoderma songyi , was found to be associated with the pine mushroom ( Tricholoma matsutake ) in Korea. This species was isolated from three different substrates: Tricholoma matsutake basidiomata, as well as roots of Pinus densiflora and soil in the fairy ring. Based on its molecular and phenotypic characteristics, we demonstrate that Trichoderma songyi is unique and distinguishable from closely related species. We performed phylogenetic analyses based on two molecular markers, the genes for both translation elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Trichoderma songyi is closely related to Trichoderma koningii aggregate and Trichoderma caerulescens . Morphologically, Trichoderma songyi can be distinguished from these closely related taxa by its growth rates, colony morphology on PDA in darkness, and coconut-like odour. Due to the economic importance of the pine mushroom, the relationship between Trichoderma songyi and Tricholoma matsutake should be studied further.

Bryan A. Bailey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Trichoderma species form endophytic associations within theobroma cacao trichomes
    Fungal Biology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Bryan A. Bailey, Mary D Strem, Delilah F. Wood
    Abstract:

    Trichoderma species are usually considered soil organisms that colonize plant roots, sometimes forming a symbiotic relationship. Recent studies demonstrate that Trichoderma species are also capable of colonizing the above ground tissues of Theobroma cacao (cacao) in what has been characterized as an endophytic relationship. Trichoderma species can be re-isolated from surface sterilized cacao stem tissue, including the bark and xylem, the apical meristem, and to a lesser degree from leaves. SEM analysis of cacao stems colonized by strains of four Trichoderma species (Trichoderma ovalisporum-DIS 70a, Trichoderma hamatum-DIS 219b, Trichoderma koningiopsis-DIS 172ai, or Trichoderma harzianum-DIS 219f) showed a preference for surface colonization of glandular trichomes versus non-glandular trichomes. The Trichoderma strains colonized the glandular trichome tips and formed swellings resembling appresoria. Hyphae were observed emerging from the glandular trichomes on surface sterilized stems from cacao seedlings that had been inoculated with each of the four Trichoderma strains. Fungal hyphae were observed under the microscope emerging from the trichomes as soon as 6 h after their isolation from surface sterilized cacao seedling stems. Hyphae were also observed, in some cases, emerging from stalk cells opposite the trichome head. Repeated single trichome/hyphae isolations verified that the emerging hyphae were the Trichoderma strains with which the cacao seedlings had been inoculated. Strains of four Trichoderma species were able to enter glandular trichomes during the colonization of cacao stems where they survived surface sterilization and could be re-isolated. The penetration of cacao trichomes may provide the entry point for Trichoderma species into the cacao stem allowing systemic colonization of this tissue.

Staf Dosen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • potensi Trichoderma sp dalam mengendalikan penyakit vascular streak dieback oncobasidium theobroma pada tanaman kakao theobroma cacao the potency of Trichoderma sp in controlling vascular streak dieback disease oncobasidium theobroma on cocoa plant t
    2014
    Co-Authors: Staf Dosen
    Abstract:

    This study is aims to measure the antagonistability of the Trichoderma sp. in controlling Oncobasidium theobromae diseasecaused VSD ( Vascular Streak dieback ) on cocoa crops. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Agriculture Faculty, Tadulako University, from October to December 2013. This research was conducted using completely randomized design with 3 treatments and replicated 6 times so that there were 18 experimental units. Treatment used were 3 Trichoderma sp isolates i.e.,Astra A, isolate Astra B isolate derived from PT Astra and Untad isolate derived from Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory of the Agriculture Faculty, Tadulako University. The variables measured were the growth of fungal colonies O. theobromae and Trichoderma sp., every 2 days for 8 days. Measurements were made on:a. Colony radial O. theobromae growing away from Trichoderma sp (R1) and approach to Trichoderma sp. (R2).b. Inhibition ability of Trichoderma sp. Data obtained from radial hyphae O.theobromae had no effection the growth of Trichoderma.sp..The inhibition ability of the three species of Trichoderma showed a marked influence further analyzed by LHD. The results showed that the treatment of fungus Trichoderma isolate Untad more effective to suppress the growth of O.theobromae with the percentage 85.78 % followed by isolate Astra A and isolate Astra B with the percentage of 45.66 % and 30.58 %. Key kords : VSD, Oncobasidium theobromae, Trichoderma. sp.