The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Anders Marell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ungulates increase forest plant species richness to the benefit of non-forest specialists
    Global Change Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vincent Boulanger, Frédéric Archaux, Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-luc Dupouey, Vincent Badeau, Richard Chevalier, Emmanuel Corcket, Yann Dumas, Françoise Forgeard, Anders Marell
    Abstract:

    Large wild ungulates are a major Biotic Factor shaping plant communities. They influence species abundance and occurrence directly by herbivory and plant dispersal, or indirectly by modifying plant-plant interactions and through soil disturbance. In forest ecosystems, researchers' attention has been mainly focused on deer overabundance. Far less is known about the effects on understory plant dynamics and diversity of wild ungulates where their abundance is maintained at lower levels to mitigate impacts on tree regeneration. We used vegetation data collected over 10 years on 82 pairs of exclosure (excluding ungulates) and control plots located in a nation-wide forest monitoring network (Renecofor). We report the effects of ungulate exclusion on (i) plant species richness and ecological characteristics, (ii) and cover percentage of herbaceous and shrub layers. We also analyzed the response of these variables along gradients of ungulate abundance, based on hunting statistics, for wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Outside the exclosures, forest ungulates maintained higher species richness in the herbaceous layer (+15%), while the shrub layer was 17% less rich, and the plant communities became more light-demanding. Inside the exclosures, shrub cover increased, often to the benefit of bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.). Ungulates tend to favour ruderal, hemerobic, epizoochorous and non-forest species. Among plots, the magnitude of vegetation changes was proportional to deer abundance. We conclude that ungulates, through the control of the shrub layer, indirectly increase herbaceous plant species richness by increasing light reaching the ground. However, this increase is detrimental to the peculiarity of forest plant communities and contributes to a landscape-level Biotic homogenization. Even at population density levels considered to be harmless for overall plant species richness, ungulates remain a conservation issue for plant community composition.

  • ungulates increase forest plant species richness to the benefit of non forest specialists
    Global Change Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vincent Boulanger, Frédéric Archaux, Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-luc Dupouey, Vincent Badeau, Richard Chevalier, Emmanuel Corcket, Yann Dumas, Françoise Forgeard, Anders Marell
    Abstract:

    Large wild ungulates are a major Biotic Factor shaping plant communities. They influence species abundance and occurrence directly by herbivory and plant dispersal, or indirectly by modifying plant-plant interactions and through soil disturbance. In forest ecosystems, researchers’ attention has been mainly focused on deer overabundance. Far less is known about the effects on understory plant dynamics and diversity of wild ungulates where their abundance is maintained at lower levels to mitigate impacts on tree regeneration. We used vegetation data collected over ten years on 82 pairs of exclosure (excluding ungulates) and control plots located in a nation-wide forest monitoring network (Renecofor). We report the effects of ungulate exclusion on (i) plant species richness and ecological characteristics, (ii) and cover percentage of herbaceous and shrub layers. We also analysed the response of these variables along gradients of ungulate abundance, based on hunting statistics, for wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Outside the exclosures, forest ungulates maintained a higher species richness in the herbaceous layer (+15%), while the shrub layer was 17% less rich, and the plant communities became more light-demanding. Inside the exclosures, shrub cover increased, often to the benefit of bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.). Ungulates tend to favour ruderal, hemerobic, epizoochorous and non-forest species. Among plots, the magnitude of vegetation changes was proportional to deer abundance. We conclude that ungulates, through the control of the shrub layer, indirectly increase herbaceous plant species richness by increasing light reaching the ground. However, this increase is detrimental to forest-specialist species, and contributes to a landscape-level Biotic homogenisation. Even at population density levels considered to be harmless for overall plant species richness, ungulates remain a conservation issue for plant community composition.

Michal Goga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • usnic acid as a Biotic Factor changes the ploidy level in mosses
    Ecology and Evolution, 2018
    Co-Authors: Michal Goga, Dajana Rucova, Vladislav Kolarcik, Marko Sabovljevic, Martin Backor, Ingeborg Lang
    Abstract:

    Lichens and mosses often share the same environmental conditions where they compete for substrate and other essential Factors. Lichens use secondary metabolites as allelochemicals to repel surrounding plants and potential rivals. In mosses, endoreduplication leads to the occurrence of various ploidy levels in the same individual and has been suggested as an adaptation to aBiotic stresses. Here, we show that also Biotic Factors such as usnic acid, an allelochemical produced by lichens, directly influenced the level of ploidy in mosses. Application of usnic acid changed the nuclei proportion and significantly enhanced the endoreduplication index in two moss species, Physcomitrella patens and Pohlia drummondii. These investigations add a new aspect on secondary metabolites of lichens which count as Biotic Factors and affect ploidy levels in mosses.

Vincent Boulanger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ungulates increase forest plant species richness to the benefit of non-forest specialists
    Global Change Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vincent Boulanger, Frédéric Archaux, Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-luc Dupouey, Vincent Badeau, Richard Chevalier, Emmanuel Corcket, Yann Dumas, Françoise Forgeard, Anders Marell
    Abstract:

    Large wild ungulates are a major Biotic Factor shaping plant communities. They influence species abundance and occurrence directly by herbivory and plant dispersal, or indirectly by modifying plant-plant interactions and through soil disturbance. In forest ecosystems, researchers' attention has been mainly focused on deer overabundance. Far less is known about the effects on understory plant dynamics and diversity of wild ungulates where their abundance is maintained at lower levels to mitigate impacts on tree regeneration. We used vegetation data collected over 10 years on 82 pairs of exclosure (excluding ungulates) and control plots located in a nation-wide forest monitoring network (Renecofor). We report the effects of ungulate exclusion on (i) plant species richness and ecological characteristics, (ii) and cover percentage of herbaceous and shrub layers. We also analyzed the response of these variables along gradients of ungulate abundance, based on hunting statistics, for wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Outside the exclosures, forest ungulates maintained higher species richness in the herbaceous layer (+15%), while the shrub layer was 17% less rich, and the plant communities became more light-demanding. Inside the exclosures, shrub cover increased, often to the benefit of bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.). Ungulates tend to favour ruderal, hemerobic, epizoochorous and non-forest species. Among plots, the magnitude of vegetation changes was proportional to deer abundance. We conclude that ungulates, through the control of the shrub layer, indirectly increase herbaceous plant species richness by increasing light reaching the ground. However, this increase is detrimental to the peculiarity of forest plant communities and contributes to a landscape-level Biotic homogenization. Even at population density levels considered to be harmless for overall plant species richness, ungulates remain a conservation issue for plant community composition.

  • ungulates increase forest plant species richness to the benefit of non forest specialists
    Global Change Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vincent Boulanger, Frédéric Archaux, Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-luc Dupouey, Vincent Badeau, Richard Chevalier, Emmanuel Corcket, Yann Dumas, Françoise Forgeard, Anders Marell
    Abstract:

    Large wild ungulates are a major Biotic Factor shaping plant communities. They influence species abundance and occurrence directly by herbivory and plant dispersal, or indirectly by modifying plant-plant interactions and through soil disturbance. In forest ecosystems, researchers’ attention has been mainly focused on deer overabundance. Far less is known about the effects on understory plant dynamics and diversity of wild ungulates where their abundance is maintained at lower levels to mitigate impacts on tree regeneration. We used vegetation data collected over ten years on 82 pairs of exclosure (excluding ungulates) and control plots located in a nation-wide forest monitoring network (Renecofor). We report the effects of ungulate exclusion on (i) plant species richness and ecological characteristics, (ii) and cover percentage of herbaceous and shrub layers. We also analysed the response of these variables along gradients of ungulate abundance, based on hunting statistics, for wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Outside the exclosures, forest ungulates maintained a higher species richness in the herbaceous layer (+15%), while the shrub layer was 17% less rich, and the plant communities became more light-demanding. Inside the exclosures, shrub cover increased, often to the benefit of bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.). Ungulates tend to favour ruderal, hemerobic, epizoochorous and non-forest species. Among plots, the magnitude of vegetation changes was proportional to deer abundance. We conclude that ungulates, through the control of the shrub layer, indirectly increase herbaceous plant species richness by increasing light reaching the ground. However, this increase is detrimental to forest-specialist species, and contributes to a landscape-level Biotic homogenisation. Even at population density levels considered to be harmless for overall plant species richness, ungulates remain a conservation issue for plant community composition.

Ingeborg Lang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • usnic acid as a Biotic Factor changes the ploidy level in mosses
    Ecology and Evolution, 2018
    Co-Authors: Michal Goga, Dajana Rucova, Vladislav Kolarcik, Marko Sabovljevic, Martin Backor, Ingeborg Lang
    Abstract:

    Lichens and mosses often share the same environmental conditions where they compete for substrate and other essential Factors. Lichens use secondary metabolites as allelochemicals to repel surrounding plants and potential rivals. In mosses, endoreduplication leads to the occurrence of various ploidy levels in the same individual and has been suggested as an adaptation to aBiotic stresses. Here, we show that also Biotic Factors such as usnic acid, an allelochemical produced by lichens, directly influenced the level of ploidy in mosses. Application of usnic acid changed the nuclei proportion and significantly enhanced the endoreduplication index in two moss species, Physcomitrella patens and Pohlia drummondii. These investigations add a new aspect on secondary metabolites of lichens which count as Biotic Factors and affect ploidy levels in mosses.

Vincent Badeau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Ungulates increase forest plant species richness to the benefit of non-forest specialists
    Global Change Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vincent Boulanger, Frédéric Archaux, Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-luc Dupouey, Vincent Badeau, Richard Chevalier, Emmanuel Corcket, Yann Dumas, Françoise Forgeard, Anders Marell
    Abstract:

    Large wild ungulates are a major Biotic Factor shaping plant communities. They influence species abundance and occurrence directly by herbivory and plant dispersal, or indirectly by modifying plant-plant interactions and through soil disturbance. In forest ecosystems, researchers' attention has been mainly focused on deer overabundance. Far less is known about the effects on understory plant dynamics and diversity of wild ungulates where their abundance is maintained at lower levels to mitigate impacts on tree regeneration. We used vegetation data collected over 10 years on 82 pairs of exclosure (excluding ungulates) and control plots located in a nation-wide forest monitoring network (Renecofor). We report the effects of ungulate exclusion on (i) plant species richness and ecological characteristics, (ii) and cover percentage of herbaceous and shrub layers. We also analyzed the response of these variables along gradients of ungulate abundance, based on hunting statistics, for wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Outside the exclosures, forest ungulates maintained higher species richness in the herbaceous layer (+15%), while the shrub layer was 17% less rich, and the plant communities became more light-demanding. Inside the exclosures, shrub cover increased, often to the benefit of bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.). Ungulates tend to favour ruderal, hemerobic, epizoochorous and non-forest species. Among plots, the magnitude of vegetation changes was proportional to deer abundance. We conclude that ungulates, through the control of the shrub layer, indirectly increase herbaceous plant species richness by increasing light reaching the ground. However, this increase is detrimental to the peculiarity of forest plant communities and contributes to a landscape-level Biotic homogenization. Even at population density levels considered to be harmless for overall plant species richness, ungulates remain a conservation issue for plant community composition.

  • ungulates increase forest plant species richness to the benefit of non forest specialists
    Global Change Biology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vincent Boulanger, Frédéric Archaux, Christophe Baltzinger, Jean-luc Dupouey, Vincent Badeau, Richard Chevalier, Emmanuel Corcket, Yann Dumas, Françoise Forgeard, Anders Marell
    Abstract:

    Large wild ungulates are a major Biotic Factor shaping plant communities. They influence species abundance and occurrence directly by herbivory and plant dispersal, or indirectly by modifying plant-plant interactions and through soil disturbance. In forest ecosystems, researchers’ attention has been mainly focused on deer overabundance. Far less is known about the effects on understory plant dynamics and diversity of wild ungulates where their abundance is maintained at lower levels to mitigate impacts on tree regeneration. We used vegetation data collected over ten years on 82 pairs of exclosure (excluding ungulates) and control plots located in a nation-wide forest monitoring network (Renecofor). We report the effects of ungulate exclusion on (i) plant species richness and ecological characteristics, (ii) and cover percentage of herbaceous and shrub layers. We also analysed the response of these variables along gradients of ungulate abundance, based on hunting statistics, for wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Outside the exclosures, forest ungulates maintained a higher species richness in the herbaceous layer (+15%), while the shrub layer was 17% less rich, and the plant communities became more light-demanding. Inside the exclosures, shrub cover increased, often to the benefit of bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.). Ungulates tend to favour ruderal, hemerobic, epizoochorous and non-forest species. Among plots, the magnitude of vegetation changes was proportional to deer abundance. We conclude that ungulates, through the control of the shrub layer, indirectly increase herbaceous plant species richness by increasing light reaching the ground. However, this increase is detrimental to forest-specialist species, and contributes to a landscape-level Biotic homogenisation. Even at population density levels considered to be harmless for overall plant species richness, ungulates remain a conservation issue for plant community composition.