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Paula M. L. Castro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Investigations into the application of a combination of Bioventing and biotrickling filter technologies for soil decontamination processes--a transition regime between Bioventing and soil vapour extraction.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Soares Magalhaes, R. M. Ferreira Jorge, Paula M. L. CastroAbstract:Abstract Bioventing has emerged as one of the most cost-effective in situ technologies available to address petroleum light-hydrocarbon spills, one of the most common sources of soil pollution. However, the major drawback associated with this technology is the extended treatment time often required. The present study aimed to illustrate how an intended air-injection Bioventing technology can be transformed into a soil vapour extraction effort when the air flow rates are pushed to a stripping mode, thus leading to the treatment of the off-gas resulting from volatilisation. As such, a combination of an air-injection Bioventing system and a biotrickling filter was applied for the treatment of contaminated soil, the latter aiming at the treatment of the emissions resulting from the Bioventing process. With a moisture content of 10%, soil contaminated with toluene at two different concentrations, namely 2 and 14 mg g soil−1, were treated successfully using an air-injection Bioventing system at a constant air flow rate of ca. 0.13 dm3 min−1, which led to the removal of ca. 99% toluene, after a period of ca. 5 days of treatment. A biotrickling filter was simultaneously used to treat the outlet gas emissions, which presented average removal efficiencies of ca. 86%. The proposed combination of biotechnologies proved to be an efficient solution for the decontamination process, when an excessive air flow rate was applied, reducing both the soil contamination and the outlet gas emissions, whilst being able to reduce the treatment time required by Bioventing only.
Bruce C Alleman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Demonstration of Bioventing for Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Contamination at Hill Air Force Base, Ogden, Utah, Volume I
1999Co-Authors: Bruce C Alleman, James GibbsAbstract:Abstract : This report describes the evaluation of the application of Bioventing technology to non-petroleum hydrocarbon impacted soils. Bioventing has been thoroughly demonstrated to be a cost-effective remediation technology for a variety of petroleum hydrocarbons. This work included a laboratory column study and a field pilot-scale demonstration to evaluate the potential for applying Bioventing to treat dichlorobenzenes in order to expand the list of contaminants impacting Air Force and other Department of Defense Installations beyond petroleum hydrocarbons. A pilot-scale Bioventing system consisting of a single vent well and eight tri-level in situ soil gas monitoring points was installed at Hill Air Force Base, Utah. The system was designed to provide oxygen to an anoxic volume of soil and for monitoring the aeration effectiveness and conducting in situ respiration rates. Soil samples were collected at system installation and alter approximately one year of system operation. Significant reductions in dichlorobenzene concentrations were observed over the one year demonstration, only a small portion of which could be accounted for by volatilization. In situ respiration tests indicated that significant biodegradation and supported the results observed in the field. The demonstration was supported by personnel in the Hill Air Force Base Environmental Management Office.
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Large-Scale Demonstration of Bioventing in the Northern United States; Volume 1: Final Report
1996Co-Authors: Bruce C Alleman, R R Dupont, Brent Adams, James GibbsAbstract:Abstract : This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of Bioventing for remediating petroleum hydrocarbons under the colder climatic conditions that exist in the northern United States. The study was conducted in an abandoned fire training pit (FPTA#1) at F.E. Warren AFB, Wyoming. The study included a 26-month field effort that entailed examining pure oxygen, pulsed air injection and passive soil warming for the potential to enhance biodegradation performance. The data demonstrated the effectiveness of Bioventing for remediating hydrocarbon contamination commonly associated with fire training pits showing decreases in the mass of semi-volatile TPH, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and naphthalene of 52.4, 76.4, 37.2, 19.0 and 18.0 percent, respectively. The masses of volatile TPH and xylene were shown to increase 36.5 and 57.1 percent, respectively. Biodegradation rates were calculated based on measured oxygen utilization rates and showed that there was no significant enhancement due to passive soil warming below the 3-foot depth. Neither pulsed air nor pure oxygen injection significantly affected the biodegradation rates compared to conventional continuous air injection. It was concluded that Bioventing was effective at remediating contamination resulting from fire training exercises in colder climates, that although there was a slight benefit at the shallow depths the passive soil warming method was not useful, and that pulsed air or pure oxygen was not useful for increasing biodegradation rates.
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Large-Scale Demonstration of Bioventing in the Northern United States; Volume 3: Appendices 12 thru 33
1996Co-Authors: Bruce C Alleman, R R Dupont, Brent Adams, James GibbsAbstract:Abstract : This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of Bioventing for remediating petroleum hydrocarbons under the colder climatic conditions that exist in the northern United States. The study was conducted in an abandoned fire training pit (FPTA#1) at F.E. Warren AFB, Wyoming. The study included a 26-month field effort that entailed examining pure oxygen, pulsed air injection and passive soil warming for the potential to enhance biodegradation performance. The data demonstrated the effectiveness of Bioventing for remediating hydrocarbon contamination commonly associated with fire training pits showing decreases in the mass of semi-volatile TPH, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and naphthalene of 52.4, 76.4, 37.2, 19.0 and 18.0 percent, respectively. The masses of volatile TPH and xylene were shown to increase 36.5 and 57.1 percent, respectively. Biodegradation rates were calculated based on measured oxygen utilization rates and showed that there was no significant enhancement due to passive soil warming below the 3-foot depth. Neither pulsed air nor pure oxygen injection significantly affected the biodegradation rates compared to conventional continuous air injection. It was concluded that Bioventing was effective at remediating contamination resulting from fire training exercises in colder climates, that although there was a slight benefit at the shallow depths the passive soil warming method was not useful, and that pulsed air or pure oxygen was not useful for increasing biodegradation rates.
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In-Well Air Stripping/Bioventing Study at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida
1996Co-Authors: Bruce C AllemanAbstract:Abstract : This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of incorporating in-well air stripping systems into the design of Bioventing systems to effectively extend Bioventing to simultaneously remediate hydrocarbon contamination in both the vadose and saturated zones. The field study was conducted for 12 months between June 1994 and June 1995. The data demonstrated that the in-well air stripping systems were able to circulate the groundwater throughout the 25-foot radius of influence. The air stripping component of the systems performed well even though the air-to-water ratio could not be optimized. The well systems were shown to be effective at remediating the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BThX) of the hydrocarbon contamination in the groundwater within the treatment cell. The following conclusions were made: (1) the air lift pumping mechanism was capable of circulating groundwater in the aquifer; (2) the volatile compounds were effectively stripped from the groundwater; (3) anoxic groundwater entering the well was sufficiently oxygenated during air lift; (4) the residual oxygen in the off-gas from the in-well air stripping system was sufficient for supporting Bioventing in the vadose zone; (5) volatile compounds in the off-gas from the well system were degraded in the vadose zone through Bioventing when the mass loading did not exceed the degradative capacity of the microorganisms; and (6) Bioventing was very effective for remediating residual hydrocarbon contamination in the vadose zone. Overall, the study proved that extending Bioventing through incorporation of in-well air stripping was feasible and that the technology should be pursued.
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in well air stripping Bioventing study at tyndall air force base florida
1996Co-Authors: Bruce C AllemanAbstract:Abstract : This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of incorporating in-well air stripping systems into the design of Bioventing systems to effectively extend Bioventing to simultaneously remediate hydrocarbon contamination in both the vadose and saturated zones. The field study was conducted for 12 months between June 1994 and June 1995. The data demonstrated that the in-well air stripping systems were able to circulate the groundwater throughout the 25-foot radius of influence. The air stripping component of the systems performed well even though the air-to-water ratio could not be optimized. The well systems were shown to be effective at remediating the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BThX) of the hydrocarbon contamination in the groundwater within the treatment cell. The following conclusions were made: (1) the air lift pumping mechanism was capable of circulating groundwater in the aquifer; (2) the volatile compounds were effectively stripped from the groundwater; (3) anoxic groundwater entering the well was sufficiently oxygenated during air lift; (4) the residual oxygen in the off-gas from the in-well air stripping system was sufficient for supporting Bioventing in the vadose zone; (5) volatile compounds in the off-gas from the well system were degraded in the vadose zone through Bioventing when the mass loading did not exceed the degradative capacity of the microorganisms; and (6) Bioventing was very effective for remediating residual hydrocarbon contamination in the vadose zone. Overall, the study proved that extending Bioventing through incorporation of in-well air stripping was feasible and that the technology should be pursued.
Luijesmarth Silvia Plata Quintero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluacion de las tecnicas de atenuacion natural Bioventing bioaumentacion y bioaumentacion Bioventing para la biodegradacion de diesel en un suelo arenoso en experimentos en columna
Gestión y Ambiente, 2013Co-Authors: Angelica Maria Muskus Morales, Claudia Santoyo Munoz, Luijesmarth Silvia Plata QuinteroAbstract:El presente estudio fue desarrollado dentro del convenio de cooperacion institucional realizado entre la Universidad Pontifi cia Bolivariana, Seccional Bucaramanga y el Instituto Colombiano de Petroleos – ICP, con el fi n de dar solucion a una problematica que se presenta en las zonas de manejo de hidrocarburos, donde se evidencian suelos arenosos contaminados con diesel hasta concentraciones del 6% y a una profundidad maxima de 80 cm. Para el desarrollo metodologico se contamino un suelo artifi cialmente con diesel para evaluar las tecnicas de Bioventing, Atenuacion Natural, Bioaumentacion y Bioventing-Bioaumentacion, utilizando montajes en columnas. Se defi nieron los parametros de diseno y seguimiento como dimensiones de las columnas, caudal de entrada, concentracion de diesel, oxigeno disuelto y crecimiento bacteriano; para la bioaumentacion se inoculo el suelo con un consorcio bacteriano producido por el ICP. Se realizaron los montajes experimentales por triplicado y se controlo el proceso durante cuatro meses. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que en la tecnica de Bioventing se obtuvieron porcentajes de remocion de diesel hasta del 97%. Con la tecnica de Bioventing-Bioaumentacion se alcanzaron porcentajes de remocion hasta del 75% y con las tecnicas de Atenuacion Natural y Bioaumentacion, los porcentajes de remocion no superaron el 48%. El estudio mostro que el consorcio bacteriano utilizado y evaluado mediante las tecnicas de Bioaumentacion y Bioventing-Bioaumentacion, no potencializo la efi ciencia de los procesos de biorremediacion del suelo arenoso contaminado con diesel.
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evaluacion de las tecnicas de atenuacion natural Bioventing bioaumentacion y bioaumentacion Bioventing
2013Co-Authors: Angelica Maria, Claudia Santoyo Munoz, Muskus Morales, Luijesmarth Silvia Plata QuinteroAbstract:The present study was developed within an inter-institutional agreement between the Universidad Pontifi cia Bolivariana, UPB-BBGA and the Colombian Petroleum Institute-ICP, in order to provide a solution to an environmental problem that occurs in areas where hydrocarbons are handled and where sandy soils have been found to be contaminated with diesel fuel with concentrations up to 6% at a maximum depth of 80 cm. For this study, the soil samples were artifi cially contaminated with diesel fuel in order to evaluate Natural Attenuation, Bioventing, Bioaugmentation and Bioaugmentation-Bioventing soil remediation techniques through the use of column experiments. The design parameters, column dimensions, infl ow, diesel concentration, dissolved oxygen, bacterial growth, and monitoring were defi ned. Bioaugmentation was performed inoculating a bacterial consortium produced by the ICP. The experimental setup was assembled in triplicate and was monitored through a period of four months. The experimental results showed that Bioventing technique was the most effective, reaching up to 97% diesel removal from the contaminated soil; with the Bioaugmentation- Bioventing, diesel fuel removal percentage was 75%, and the Natural Attenuation and Bioaugmentation techniques resulted in diesel fuel removal percentages not greater than 48%. This study showed that the microbial consortium evaluated and provided by the Colombian Petroleum Institute proved to be not effi cient for potentializing bioremediation processes of sandy soils contaminated with diesel fuel.
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Evaluación de las técnicas de atenuación natural, Bioventing, bioaumentación y bioaumentación- Bioventing, para la biodegradación de diésel en un suelo arenoso, en experimentos en columna
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2013Co-Authors: Angelica Maria Muskus Morales, Claudia Santoyo Munoz, Luijesmarth Silvia Plata QuinteroAbstract:El presente estudio fue desarrollado dentro del convenio de cooperación institucional realizado entre laUniversidad Pontifi cia Bolivariana, Seccional Bucaramanga y el Instituto Colombiano de Petróleos – ICP, con el fi nde dar solución a una problemática que se presenta en las zonas de manejo de hidrocarburos, donde se evidenciansuelos arenosos contaminados con diésel hasta concentraciones del 6% y a una profundidad máxima de 80 cm.Para el desarrollo metodológico se contaminó un suelo artifi cialmente con diésel para evaluar las técnicas deBioventing, Atenuación Natural, Bioaumentación y Bioventing-Bioaumentación, utilizando montajes en columnas.Se defi nieron los parámetros de diseño y seguimiento como dimensiones de las columnas, caudal de entrada,concentración de diésel, oxígeno disuelto y crecimiento bacteriano; para la bioaumentación se inoculó el suelocon un consorcio bacteriano producido por el ICP. Se realizaron los montajes experimentales por triplicado y secontroló el proceso durante cuatro meses. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que en la técnica de Bioventingse obtuvieron porcentajes de remoción de diésel hasta del 97%. Con la técnica de Bioventing-Bioaumentación sealcanzaron porcentajes de remoción hasta del 75% y con las técnicas de Atenuación Natural y Bioaumentación,los porcentajes de remoción no superaron el 48%. El estudio mostró que el consorcio bacteriano utilizado yevaluado mediante las técnicas de Bioaumentación y Bioventing-Bioaumentación, no potencializó la efi cienciade los procesos de biorremediación del suelo arenoso contaminado con diésel
Robert E. Hinchee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil Bioventing principles and practice
1997Co-Authors: Andrea Leeson, Robert E. HincheeAbstract:Introduction Development of Bioventing Oxygen Supply to Contaminated Areas Bioventing Research and Development Structure of U.S. Air Force Bioventing Initiative Field Treatability Studies and Bioventing System Design Principles of Bioventing Physical Processes Affecting Bioventing Microbial Processes Affecting Bioventing Compounds Targeted for Removal BTEX Versus TPH Removal in Petroleum-Contaminated Sites Case Histories of Early Bioventing Studies Site 914, Hill AFB, Utah Tyndall AFB, Florida Site 280, Hill AFB, Utah Site 20, Eielson AFB, Alaska Bioventing Implementation: Site Characterization Activities Existing Data and Site History Review Soil Gas Survey In Situ Respiration Testing Soil Gas Permeability and Radius of Influence Soil Characterization Bioventing Implementation: System Design Determination of Air Flow System Determining Required Air Flow Rates Well Spacing Blowers and Blower Sizing Vent Well Construction Monitoring Point Construction Bioventing Implementation: Performance Monitoring Soil Gas Monitoring In Situ Respiration Testing Quantification of Biodegradation and Volatilization of Hydrocarbons during Extractive Bioventing Surface Emissions Sampling Optional Monitoring: Qualitative Validation of Biodegradation through Stable Carbon Isotope Monitoring Operation and Maintenance Bioventing Implementation: Process Evaluation/Site Closure In Situ Respiration Testing Soil Sampling Costs References Appendix A: Statistical Analyses of U.S. Air Force Bioventing Initiative Data Appendix B: Equipment Specifications and Manufacturers Appendix C: Example Procedures for Conducting Bioventing Treatability Studies Appendix D: Off-Gas Treatment Options Index
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Principles and Practices of Bioventing. Volume I: Bioventing Principles,
1996Co-Authors: Andrea Leeson, Robert E. HincheeAbstract:Abstract : Bioventing is the process of aerating soils to stimulate in situ biological activity and promote bioremediation. Bioventing typically is applied in situ to the vadose zone and is applicable to any chemical that can be aerobically biodegraded, but to date has been implemented primarily at petroleum-contaminated sites. Through the efforts of the U.S. Air Force Bioventing initiative and the U.S. EPA Bioremediation Field initiative, Bioventing has been implemented at more than 150 sites and has emerged as one of the most cost-effective and efficient technologies currently available for vadose zone remediation of petroleum-contaminated sites. This document is a culmination of the experience gained from these sites and provides specific guidelines on the principles and practices of Bioventing.
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Principles and Practices of Bioventing. Volume II: Bioventing Design,
1996Co-Authors: Andrea Leeson, Robert E. HincheeAbstract:Abstract : This document is a product of the Bioventing research and development efforts sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Armstrong Laboratory, the Bioventing Initiative sponsored by the U.S. Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (AFCEE) Technology Transfer Division, and the Bioremediation Field Initiative sponsored by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). The Armstrong Laboratory Environics Directorate (AL/EQ), an element of the Air Force Human Systems Center, began its research and development program in Bioventing in 1988 with a study at Hill Air Force Base (AFB), Utah. Follow-on efforts included field research studies at Tyndall AFB, Florida, Eielson AFB, Alaska, and F.E. Warren AFB, Wyoming, to monitor and optimize process variables. Results from these research efforts led to the Bioventing Initiative and are discussed in this document.
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Bioventing Feasibility Study at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska
1995Co-Authors: Andrea Leeson, Jeffrey A. Kittel, Eric A Foote, Gregory Headington, Robert E. Hinchee, Albert PollackAbstract:Abstract : This program consisted of two separate, but integrated, projects. The first project consisted of U.S. Air Force-initiated Bioventing activities on a JP-4 jet fuel spill at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska in July 1991. The objective of the Air Force project was to install and operate an In Situ soil bioremediation system to investigate the feasibility of using Bioventing technology to remediate JP-4 jet fuel contamination in a subarctic environment. The Air Force component of the project comprised of three test plots: (1) a passive warming test plot in which plastic sheeting was placed over the ground surface of the test plot during the spring and summer months to capture solar heat and passively warm the soil; (2) a surface warming test plot in which heat tape was installed in the test plot to heat the soil directly; and (3) a control test plot, which received air injection, but no soil warming. The second project was an outgrowth of the U.S. EPA Bioremediation Field Initiative coupled with previous discussions with the Air Force. The objective of the EPA project was to actively increase soil temperature at a JP-4 jet fuel-contaminated Bioventing site to determine to what degree increased soil temperature can enhance the biodegradation rates of JP-4 jet fuel contaminants in soil. The study involved actively increasing the soil temperature by circulating groundwater through an electric heater and reapplying the heated water below the ground surface in an area of known JP-4 jet fuel contamination.
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Handbook of Bioremediation
1993Co-Authors: R. D. Norris, Robert E. Hinchee, R. Brown, Perry L. Mccarty, Lewis Semprini, John T. Wilson, Donald H. Kampbell, Martin Reinhard, Edward J. Bouwer, Robert C BordenAbstract:Introduction In Situ Bioremediation of Soils and Ground Water Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons Bioventing of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Treatment of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Ground Water by Air Sparging Ground-Water Treatment for Chlorinated Solvents Bioventing of Chlorinated Solvents for Ground-Water Cleanup through Bioremediation In Situ Bioremediation Technologies for Petroleum Derived Hydrocarbons Based on Alternate Electron Acceptors Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Using Alternate Electron Acceptors Natural Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Ground Water Natural Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Introduced Organisms for Subsurface Bioremediation
Soares Magalhaes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Investigations into the application of a combination of Bioventing and biotrickling filter technologies for soil decontamination processes--a transition regime between Bioventing and soil vapour extraction.
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Soares Magalhaes, R. M. Ferreira Jorge, Paula M. L. CastroAbstract:Abstract Bioventing has emerged as one of the most cost-effective in situ technologies available to address petroleum light-hydrocarbon spills, one of the most common sources of soil pollution. However, the major drawback associated with this technology is the extended treatment time often required. The present study aimed to illustrate how an intended air-injection Bioventing technology can be transformed into a soil vapour extraction effort when the air flow rates are pushed to a stripping mode, thus leading to the treatment of the off-gas resulting from volatilisation. As such, a combination of an air-injection Bioventing system and a biotrickling filter was applied for the treatment of contaminated soil, the latter aiming at the treatment of the emissions resulting from the Bioventing process. With a moisture content of 10%, soil contaminated with toluene at two different concentrations, namely 2 and 14 mg g soil−1, were treated successfully using an air-injection Bioventing system at a constant air flow rate of ca. 0.13 dm3 min−1, which led to the removal of ca. 99% toluene, after a period of ca. 5 days of treatment. A biotrickling filter was simultaneously used to treat the outlet gas emissions, which presented average removal efficiencies of ca. 86%. The proposed combination of biotechnologies proved to be an efficient solution for the decontamination process, when an excessive air flow rate was applied, reducing both the soil contamination and the outlet gas emissions, whilst being able to reduce the treatment time required by Bioventing only.