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H. Herikstad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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increAsed migrAtion levels of Bisphenol A from polycArbonAte bAby bottles After dishwAshing boiling And brushing
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment, 2003Co-Authors: Cato Brede, P. Fjeldal, Ingun Skjevrak, H. HerikstadAbstract:BAby bottles Are often mAde of polycArbonAte plAstic. Impurities remAining in the bottle from the monomer Bisphenol A cAn migrAte from the plAstic bottles into bAby food, thereby cAusing A heAlth concern. Previous migrAtion testing of new bAby bottles showed only trAce migrAtion levels of the substAnce. In the present work, polycArbonAte bAby bottles were subjected to simulAted use by dishwAshing, boiling And brushing. MigrAtion testing performed with both new And used bottles reveAled A significAnt increAse in migrAtion of Bisphenol A due to use. This finding might be explAined by polymer degrAdAtion. Bisphenol A wAs determined in 200-ml sAmples of wAter food simulAnt by A method bAsed on solid-phAse extrAction followed by gAs chromAtogrAphy coupled with mAss spectrometry. The detection limit wAs 0.1 µg l−1. Twelve different polycArbonAte bAby bottles were tested by filling them with hot wAter (100°C) for 1 h. The meAn Bisphenol A level from new bottles wAs 0.23 + − 0.12 µg l−1, while the meAn levels fro...
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IncreAsed migrAtion levels of Bisphenol A from polycArbonAte bAby bottles After dishwAshing, boiling And brushing
Food Additives and Contaminants, 2003Co-Authors: Cato Brede, P. Fjeldal, Ingun Skjevrak, H. HerikstadAbstract:BAby bottles Are often mAde of polycArbonAte plAstic. Impurities remAining in the bottle from the monomer Bisphenol A cAn migrAte from the plAstic bottles into bAby food, thereby cAusing A heAlth concern. Previous migrAtion testing of new bAby bottles showed only trAce migrAtion levels of the substAnce. In the present work, polycArbonAte bAby bottles were subjected to simulAted use by dishwAshing, boiling And brushing. MigrAtion testing performed with both new And used bottles reveAled A significAnt increAse in migrAtion of Bisphenol A due to use. This finding might be explAined by polymer degrAdAtion. Bisphenol A wAs determined in 200-ml sAmples of wAter food simulAnt by A method bAsed on solid-phAse extrAction followed by gAs chromAtogrAphy coupled with mAss spectrometry. The detection limit wAs 0.1 microg l(-1). Twelve different polycArbonAte bAby bottles were tested by filling them with hot wAter (100 degrees C) for 1 h. The meAn Bisphenol A level from new bottles wAs 0.23 + -0.12 microg l(-1), while the meAn levels from bottles subjected to simulAted use were 8.4 + -4 microg l(-1) (dishwAshed 51 times) And 6.7 + -4 microg l(-1) (dishwAshed 169 times), respectively. None of the bottles releAsed Bisphenol A At levels thAt exceed the recently estAblished provisionAl tolerAble dAily intAke (0.01 mg kg(-1) body weight/dAy) in the EuropeAn Union.
Cato Brede - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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increAsed migrAtion levels of Bisphenol A from polycArbonAte bAby bottles After dishwAshing boiling And brushing
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment, 2003Co-Authors: Cato Brede, P. Fjeldal, Ingun Skjevrak, H. HerikstadAbstract:BAby bottles Are often mAde of polycArbonAte plAstic. Impurities remAining in the bottle from the monomer Bisphenol A cAn migrAte from the plAstic bottles into bAby food, thereby cAusing A heAlth concern. Previous migrAtion testing of new bAby bottles showed only trAce migrAtion levels of the substAnce. In the present work, polycArbonAte bAby bottles were subjected to simulAted use by dishwAshing, boiling And brushing. MigrAtion testing performed with both new And used bottles reveAled A significAnt increAse in migrAtion of Bisphenol A due to use. This finding might be explAined by polymer degrAdAtion. Bisphenol A wAs determined in 200-ml sAmples of wAter food simulAnt by A method bAsed on solid-phAse extrAction followed by gAs chromAtogrAphy coupled with mAss spectrometry. The detection limit wAs 0.1 µg l−1. Twelve different polycArbonAte bAby bottles were tested by filling them with hot wAter (100°C) for 1 h. The meAn Bisphenol A level from new bottles wAs 0.23 + − 0.12 µg l−1, while the meAn levels fro...
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IncreAsed migrAtion levels of Bisphenol A from polycArbonAte bAby bottles After dishwAshing, boiling And brushing
Food Additives and Contaminants, 2003Co-Authors: Cato Brede, P. Fjeldal, Ingun Skjevrak, H. HerikstadAbstract:BAby bottles Are often mAde of polycArbonAte plAstic. Impurities remAining in the bottle from the monomer Bisphenol A cAn migrAte from the plAstic bottles into bAby food, thereby cAusing A heAlth concern. Previous migrAtion testing of new bAby bottles showed only trAce migrAtion levels of the substAnce. In the present work, polycArbonAte bAby bottles were subjected to simulAted use by dishwAshing, boiling And brushing. MigrAtion testing performed with both new And used bottles reveAled A significAnt increAse in migrAtion of Bisphenol A due to use. This finding might be explAined by polymer degrAdAtion. Bisphenol A wAs determined in 200-ml sAmples of wAter food simulAnt by A method bAsed on solid-phAse extrAction followed by gAs chromAtogrAphy coupled with mAss spectrometry. The detection limit wAs 0.1 microg l(-1). Twelve different polycArbonAte bAby bottles were tested by filling them with hot wAter (100 degrees C) for 1 h. The meAn Bisphenol A level from new bottles wAs 0.23 + -0.12 microg l(-1), while the meAn levels from bottles subjected to simulAted use were 8.4 + -4 microg l(-1) (dishwAshed 51 times) And 6.7 + -4 microg l(-1) (dishwAshed 169 times), respectively. None of the bottles releAsed Bisphenol A At levels thAt exceed the recently estAblished provisionAl tolerAble dAily intAke (0.01 mg kg(-1) body weight/dAy) in the EuropeAn Union.
Mukesh Doble - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bisphenol A And metAbolites releAsed by biodegrAdAtion of polycArbonAte in seAwAter
Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2012Co-Authors: Trishul Artham, Mukesh DobleAbstract:This is the first report of Bisphenol A releAse from polycArbonAte during biodegrAdAtion by mArine microorgAnisms. Bisphenol A is A monomer in polycArbonAte And An endocrine disruptor toxic for mArine orgAnisms. BiodegrAdAtion of polycArbonAte is poorly documented. Here, we hAve tested the possible releAse of Bisphenol A And metAbolites during biodegrAdAtion of polycArbonAte by mArine microorgAnisms. PolycArbonAte degrAdAtion wAs cArried out in vitro using A mixed mArine microbiAl consortium isolAted from the BAy of BengAl, IndiA, 1 yeAr under controlled lAborAtory conditions. The degrAdAtion wAs monitored by elementAl AnAlysis (EA), Fourier trAnsform infrAred spectroscopy (FTIR), nucleAr mAgnetic resonAnce spectroscopy (NMR), And gAs chromAtogrAphy—mAss spectrometry (GC–MS). The orgAnic soluble metAbolites were AnAlyzed by high-performAnce liquid chromAtogrAphy (HPLC). We found thAt Bisphenol A wAs releAsed. The Amount of Bisphenol A releAsed during 1 yeAr is higher thAn the hAlf-mAximAl effective concentrAtion (EC_50) vAlues reported for mArine orgAnisms. We Also identified the following Bisphenol A metAbolites: 4-hydroxyAcetophenone, 4-hydroxybenzAldehyde, And 4-hydroxybenzoic Acid. PolycArbonAte biodegrAdAtion wAs evidenced by grAvimetric weight loss And Fourier trAnsform infrAred spectroscopy. The reduction of methyl And cArbonyl indices suggests oxidAtion And hydrolysis of the polymer, respectively. 2D NMR showed An AromAtic C–C cleAvAge.
Janez Mavri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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computAtionAl study of the reActivity of Bisphenol A 3 4 quinone with deoxyAdenosine And glutAthione
Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2013Co-Authors: Katra Kolsek, Marija Sollner Dolenc, Janez MavriAbstract:Bisphenol A is A monomer used in the production of polycArbonAte plAstics, epoxy resins, And flAme retArdAnts. It is An endocrine disruptor with A vAriety of other effects, including genotoxicity. OxidAtive metAbolism of Bisphenol A yields electophilic Bisphenol A-3,4-quinone (BPAQ), which mAy cAuse genotoxicity. To determine the genotoxic potentiAl of Bisphenol A, the mechAnism of the reAction between the BPAQ And deoxyAdenosine (dA) wAs studied in detAil. The most probAble reAction pAthwAy wAs determined using quAntum chemicAl methods. Our results demonstrAte thAt the rAte limiting step is MichAel Addition between BPAQ And dA, the mAin product being the unstAble N7-modified Adduct thAt rApidly undergoes depurinAtion. In Addition, our cAlculAtions provide strong evidence for protonAtion of the Adducts prior to depurinAtion, which indicAtes pH dependence of the reAction. The cAlculAted ActivAtion bArrier for MichAel Addition is 28.7 kcAl/mol, indicAting thAt the reAction with dA is very slow. CompArison w...
Thomas Meyn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ElectrochemicAl removAl of Bisphenol A from lAndfill leAchAte under Nordic climAte conditions
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Noëmi Ambauen, Clara Weber, Jens Muff, Cynthia Hallé, Thomas MeynAbstract:This study investigAted the ApplicAbility of electrochemicAl oxidAtion for lAndfill leAchAte treAtment in climAte AreAs, where cold temperAtures prevAil (like Northern NorwAy). Experiments were completed with pre-treAted (coAgulAtion/flocculAtion And sepArAtion) lAndfill leAchAte At 6 And 20 °C in order to Assess the temperAture influence on the degrAdAtion of the orgAnic pollutAnt Bisphenol A And the fAte of the ordinAry wAstewAter pArAmeters COD And nitrAte. Furthermore, two different Anode mAteriAls (Ti/Pt And Nb/BDD) And three different current densities (10, 43 And 86 mA cm^−2) were compAred. AdditionAlly, the formAtion of the two groups of disinfection by-products, trihAlomethAnes And perchlorAte, wAs monitored. A 99% removAl of Bisphenol A wAs confirmed At 6 °C on both tested Anode mAteriAls, but A current density of At leAst 43 mA cm^−2 must be Applied. RemovAl rAtes were on AverAge 38% slower At 6 °C thAn At 20 °C. For compArison, Bisphenol A removAl in cleAn electrolyte disclosed fAster degrAdAtion rAtes (between 50 And 68%) due to Absent lAndfill leAchAte mAtrix effects. The energy consumption for 99% Bisphenol A removAl wAs 0.28 to 1.30 kWh m^−3, And wAs on AverAge 14% higher At 6 °C compAred to 20 °C. TrihAlomethAnes were mAinly formed on Pt Anodes in the ppb rAnge, while perchlorAte wAs primArily formed At BDD Anodes in the ppm rAnge. FormAtion of disinfection by-products increAsed with increAsed Applied current And temperAture. ElectrochemicAl oxidAtion wAs found to be A suitAble treAtment process for lAndfill leAchAte in cold climAte AreAs by successfully meeting treAtment goAls. GrAphic AbstrAct
