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Mark A Jackson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nitrogen sources affect productivity, desiccation tolerance and storage stability of Beauveria bassiana Blastospores
Journal of applied microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Mark A Jackson, Nilce Naomi Kobori, Christopher A Dunlap, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:AIMS Nitrogen is a critical element in industrial fermentation media. This study investigated the influence of various nitrogen sources on Blastospore production, desiccation tolerance and storage stability using two strains of the cosmopolitan insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. METHODS AND RESULTS Complex organic sources of nitrogen such as soy flour, autolysed yeast and cottonseed flour induced great numbers of Blastospores after 2-3 days of fermentation, which also survived drying and remained viable (32-56% survival) after 9 months storage at 4°C, although variations were found between strains. Nitrogen availability in the form of free amino acids directly influenced Blastospore production and resistance to desiccation. Increasing glucose and nitrogen concentrations up to 120 and 30 g l-1 , respectively, did not improve Blastospore production but enhanced desiccation tolerance. Cell viability after drying and upon fast-rehydration was increased when ≥25 g acid-hydrolysed casein per litre was supplemented in the liquid culture medium. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that low-cost complex nitrogen compounds are suitable to enhance yeast-like growth by B. bassiana with good desiccation tolerance and therefore support its further scale-up production as a mycoinsecticide. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Nitrogen is the most expensive nutrient in liquid media composition, but this study underscores the feasibility of using low-cost nitrogen compounds composed mainly of agro-industrial by-products for rapid production of desiccation-tolerant B. bassiana Blastospores by liquid culture fermentation.
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Improved shelf life of dried Beauveria bassiana Blastospores using convective drying and active packaging processes
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce N. Kobori, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The yeast form (Blastospore) of the dimorphic insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana can be rapidly produced using liquid fermentation methods but is generally unable to survive rapid dehydration processes or storage under non-refrigerated conditions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of two convective drying methods, various modified atmosphere packaging systems, and storage temperatures on the desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and virulence of Blastospores of B. bassiana ESALQ 1432. All Blastospore formulations were dried to
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oviposition behavior and survival of tamarixia radiata hymenoptera eulophidae an ectoparasitoid of the asian citrus psyllid diaphorina citri hemiptera liviidae on hosts exposed to an entomopathogenic fungus isaria fumosorosea hypocreales cordycipitac
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2016Co-Authors: Andrew Chow, Joseph M Patt, Mark A Jackson, Christopher A Dunlap, Daniel Flores, Mamoudou SetamouAbstract:Antagonistic interactions between the nymphal parasitoid, Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and the ARSEF 3581 strain of the entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea Wize (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), could disrupt biological control of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Three interactions were evaluated under laboratory conditions at 25 °C: 1) parasitoid survival if parasitized hosts were exposed to ARSEF 3581 Blastospores before or after host mummification; 2) parasitoid survival if mummies containing larva or pupa were exposed to ARSEF 3581 hyphae; 3) parasitoid oviposition on infected hosts with visible or without visible hyphae. Topical application of Blastospore formulation onto the dorsal surfaces of live nymphs parasitized with second-instar wasp larva (3 d after parasitism) reduced host mummification by 50% and parasitoid emergence by 85%. However, parasitoid emergence was not affected by topical application of Blastospore formulation onto mummies that contained fourth-instar wasp larva (6 d after parasitism). Parasitoid emergence was reduced by 80% if mummies containing fourth-instar wasp larva were covered with Blastospore formulation colonized by fungal hyphae. In comparison, parasitoid emergence was not affected if mummies containing wasp pupa (9 d after parasitism) were covered with formulation colonized by fungal hyphae. Female parasitoids oviposited on infected hosts without visible hyphae but not on infected hosts with visible hyphae. Our findings suggest that I. fumosorosea could detrimentally affect T. radiata , if both natural enemies are simultaneously deployed for biological control of D. citri . However, temporal separation of the fungus and parasitoid could reduce antagonism and enhance control of D. citri .
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Improved shelf life of dried Beauveria bassiana Blastospores using convective drying and active packaging processes
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce N. Kobori, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The yeast form (Blastospore) of the dimorphic insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana can be rapidly produced using liquid fermentation methods but is generally unable to survive rapid dehydration processes or storage under non-refrigerated conditions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of two convective drying methods, various modified atmosphere packaging systems, and storage temperatures on the desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and virulence of Blastospores of B. bassiana ESALQ 1432. All Blastospore formulations were dried to
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efficacy of an autodisseminator of an entomopathogenic fungus isaria fumosorosea to suppress asian citrus psyllid diaphorina citri under greenhouse conditions
Biological Control, 2015Co-Authors: Joseph M Patt, Pasco B. Avery, Mark A Jackson, Christopher A Dunlap, Andrew Chow, Daniel Flores, Mamoudou Setamou, William G Meikle, Carlos Gracia, Wayne B. HunterAbstract:Abstract We are developing an autodisseminator (‘dispenser’) to inoculate Asian citrus psyllid with entomopathogens for the purpose of inducing epizootics in residential trees and abandoned groves, areas where chemical control is problematic. The dispenser prototype consisted of a bright yellow pleated tube coated with a spore formulation made from pulverized cotton burrs and Blastospores of Isaria fumosorosea . Adult psyllids were released within an array of dispensers and potted citrus saplings in a greenhouse. After 24 h, they were collected from the foliage, surface sterilized, and placed in an incubator. A mean of 55% of the adults developed mycosis ( n = 3 tests), demonstrating that the dispensers could cause primary infection. The potted plants used in the horizontal transmission tests were infested with immature psyllids; 27–35% of which became infected following contact with adults that had visited the dispensers ( n = 2 tests). When mycosed adult cadavers with mature conidia were placed near immatures on the potted plants, over 90% of the immatures mycosed, indicating that conidia from the cadavers were highly contagious. On dispensers left in the greenhouse for three weeks, the infectivity of Blastospores exposed to direct sunlight decreased by 46% after 7 d and by 60% after 20 d, while infectivity levels remained high in Blastospores that were shaded. These results confirmed that that the basic dispenser design was sound with respect to attracting and infecting psyllids. It requires further modification to work effectively under ambient conditions, since exposure to direct sunlight decreased Blastospore infectiveness over time.
Gabriel Moura Mascarin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth kinetic and nitrogen source optimization for liquid culture fermentation of Metarhizium robertsii Blastospores and bioefficacy against the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis
World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: Natasha Sant´anna Iwanicki, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Sara Giro Moreno, Jørgen Eilenberg, Ítalo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The cosmopolitan entomopathogenic and root endophytic fungus Metarhizium robertsii has a versatile lifestyle and during liquid fermentation undergoes a dimorphic transformation from hyphae to conidia or microsclerotia, or from hyphae to Blastospores. In all cases, these processes are mediated by environmental and nutritional cues. Blastospores could be used in spray applications to control arthropod pests above ground and may serve as an attractive alternative to the traditional solid-grown aerial conidial spores of Metarhizium spp. found in commercial products. Nitrogen is a vital nutrient in cell metabolism and growth; however, it is the expensive component in liquid cultures of entomopathogenic fungi. Our goals in this study were to optimize nitrogen sources and titers for maximum production of M. robertsii Blastospores cultured in shake flasks at highly aerated conditions and to further determine their virulence against the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis , an important vector of serious pathogens in maize crops worldwide. Our fermentation studies revealed that the low-cost corn steep liquor (CSL) was the most suitable nitrogen source to improve Blastospore growth in M. robertsii. The growth kinetic assays determined the optimal titer of 80 g L^−1 and a yield up to 4.7 × 10^8 cells mL^−1 within 5 days of cultivation (3 days preculture and 2 days culture), at a total cost of US$0.30 L^−1. Moreover, the Blastospore growth kinetic was strongly dependent on glucose and nitrogen consumptions accompanied by a slight drop in the culture pH. Insect bioassays evidenced a high virulence of these Blastospores, either as dried or fresh cells, to D. maidis adults fed on maize plants. Our findings provide insights into the nutritional requirements for optimal and cost-efficient production of M. robertsii Blastospores and elucidate the potential of Blastospores as an ecofriendly tool against the corn leafhopper.
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Comparative analysis of Blastospore production and virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps fumosorosea against soybean pests
BioControl, 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Corrêa, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Vanessa Silveira Duarte, Daniela Milanez Silva, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:Blastospores are yeast-like infective cells to arthropod pests and can be obtained shortly by liquid culture. However, fungal isolates exhibit striking variation in production, desiccation tolerance and virulence. In this study, we screened three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and three of Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) for Blastospore production and assessed desiccation tolerance by air drying. The virulence of these isolates were determined against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The isolates ESALQ-1296 and ESALQ-3422 of C. fumosorosea and ESALQ-4958 of B. bassiana yielded Blastospore concentrations above 1 × 10^9 ml^−1, but only the two C. fumosorosea isolates retained viability rates above 75% after drying. Blastospores of both fungal species were more effective in killing the three insect species than aerial conidia. In summary, Blastospores of C. fumosorosea ESALQ-1296 hold the best promise for broad-spectrum pest control in soybean.
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Comparative analysis of Blastospore production and virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps fumosorosea against soybean pests
BioControl, 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Corrêa, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Vanessa Silveira Duarte, Daniela Milanez Silva, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:Blastospores are yeast-like infective cells to arthropod pests and can be obtained shortly by liquid culture. However, fungal isolates exhibit striking variation in production, desiccation tolerance and virulence. In this study, we screened three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and three of Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) for Blastospore production and assessed desiccation tolerance by air drying. The virulence of these isolates were determined against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The isolates ESALQ-1296 and ESALQ-3422 of C. fumosorosea and ESALQ-4958 of B. bassiana yielded Blastospore concentrations above 1 × 109 ml−1, but only the two C. fumosorosea isolates retained viability rates above 75% after drying. Blastospores of both fungal species were more effective in killing the three insect species than aerial conidia. In summary, Blastospores of C. fumosorosea ESALQ-1296 hold the best promise for broad-spectrum pest control in soybean.
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Modified Adamek's medium renders high yields of Metarhizium robertsii Blastospores that are desiccation tolerant and infective to cattle-tick larvae.
Fungal biology, 2018Co-Authors: Natasha Sant Anna Iwanicki, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Bruna De Oliveira Ferreira, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:Abstract Blastospores are yeast-like cells produced by entomopathogenic fungi that are infective to arthropods. The economical feasible production of Blastospores of the insect killing fungus Metarhizium spp. must be optimized to increase yields. Moreover, stabilization process is imperative for Blastospore formulation as a final product. In this sense, our goal was to increase Blastospore production of two Metarhizium isolates (ESALQ1426 and ESALQ4676) in submerged liquid cultures. A modified Adamek's medium was supplemented with increased glucose concentrations and the fermentation time was accelerated by using a Blastospore pre-culture as inoculum. Virulence of air-dried stable Blastospores was compared with conidia toward larvae of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus. Our results revealed that Blastospore production of Metarhizium is isolate- and species-dependent. Glucose-enriched cultures (140 g glucose/L) inoculated with pre-cultures improved yields with optimal growth conditions attained for Metarhizium robertsii ESALQ1426 that rendered as high as 5.9 × 108 Blastospores/mL within 2 d. Resultant air-dried Blastospores of ESALQ1426 were firstly proved to infect and quickly kill cattle tick larvae with comparable efficiency to conidia. Altogether, we argue that both osmotic pressure, induced by high glucose titers, and isolate selection are critical to produce high yields of Blastospores that hold promise to control cattle-tick larvae.
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Nitrogen sources affect productivity, desiccation tolerance and storage stability of Beauveria bassiana Blastospores
Journal of applied microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Mark A Jackson, Nilce Naomi Kobori, Christopher A Dunlap, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:AIMS Nitrogen is a critical element in industrial fermentation media. This study investigated the influence of various nitrogen sources on Blastospore production, desiccation tolerance and storage stability using two strains of the cosmopolitan insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. METHODS AND RESULTS Complex organic sources of nitrogen such as soy flour, autolysed yeast and cottonseed flour induced great numbers of Blastospores after 2-3 days of fermentation, which also survived drying and remained viable (32-56% survival) after 9 months storage at 4°C, although variations were found between strains. Nitrogen availability in the form of free amino acids directly influenced Blastospore production and resistance to desiccation. Increasing glucose and nitrogen concentrations up to 120 and 30 g l-1 , respectively, did not improve Blastospore production but enhanced desiccation tolerance. Cell viability after drying and upon fast-rehydration was increased when ≥25 g acid-hydrolysed casein per litre was supplemented in the liquid culture medium. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that low-cost complex nitrogen compounds are suitable to enhance yeast-like growth by B. bassiana with good desiccation tolerance and therefore support its further scale-up production as a mycoinsecticide. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Nitrogen is the most expensive nutrient in liquid media composition, but this study underscores the feasibility of using low-cost nitrogen compounds composed mainly of agro-industrial by-products for rapid production of desiccation-tolerant B. bassiana Blastospores by liquid culture fermentation.
Christopher A Dunlap - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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virulence of some entomopathogenic fungi isolates of beauveria bassiana hypocreales cordycipitaceae and metarhizium anisopliae hypocreales clavicipitaceae to aulacaspis tubercularis hemiptera diaspididae and icerya seychellarum hemiptera monophlebida
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2019Co-Authors: Atef M M Sayed, Christopher A DunlapAbstract:: Six fungal isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and one isolate of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were isolated and evaluated for their pathogenicity to Icerya seychellarum (Westwood) and Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of the fungal Blastospore concentrations and the percentage of mortality. Bio-efficacy increased significantly after inoculation with increasing concentration of Blastospores and elapsed time up to 12 d after inoculation. The mortality of nymphs exposed to fungal isolates at various concentrations varied between 2.5 and 88.8%. Probit analysis of data at 95% confidence limits of LC50 and LT50s showed significant differences in the susceptibility of nymphs of I. seychellarum and A. tubercularis to the tested fungal isolates. The fungal isolates of Egy-6 and Egy-9 were the most effective against I. seychellarum and A. tubercularis, respectively. They had the lowest LC50 (4.20 × 105 and 5.71 × 103 Blastospore ml-1) and LT50 (ranged from 4.61 to 9.79 and 4.84 to 8.71 d), respectively. The current study showed that all the fungal isolates yielded moderate mortality rates of nymphs and adult female populations of both the tested insect pests. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bio-efficacy of Beauveria and Metarhizium isolates against members of the Diaspidadae and Monophlebidae family insects. These results establish that the use of these native entomopathogenic fungi isolates of B. bassiana (Egy-3, Egy-4, Egy-6, Egy-7, Egy-9, and Egy-10) and M. anisopliae (Egy-5) could be considered for further development as microbial control agents of the mealybug and scale insects as a potential biological agent for use in an IPM program.
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Nitrogen sources affect productivity, desiccation tolerance and storage stability of Beauveria bassiana Blastospores
Journal of applied microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Mark A Jackson, Nilce Naomi Kobori, Christopher A Dunlap, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:AIMS Nitrogen is a critical element in industrial fermentation media. This study investigated the influence of various nitrogen sources on Blastospore production, desiccation tolerance and storage stability using two strains of the cosmopolitan insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. METHODS AND RESULTS Complex organic sources of nitrogen such as soy flour, autolysed yeast and cottonseed flour induced great numbers of Blastospores after 2-3 days of fermentation, which also survived drying and remained viable (32-56% survival) after 9 months storage at 4°C, although variations were found between strains. Nitrogen availability in the form of free amino acids directly influenced Blastospore production and resistance to desiccation. Increasing glucose and nitrogen concentrations up to 120 and 30 g l-1 , respectively, did not improve Blastospore production but enhanced desiccation tolerance. Cell viability after drying and upon fast-rehydration was increased when ≥25 g acid-hydrolysed casein per litre was supplemented in the liquid culture medium. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that low-cost complex nitrogen compounds are suitable to enhance yeast-like growth by B. bassiana with good desiccation tolerance and therefore support its further scale-up production as a mycoinsecticide. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Nitrogen is the most expensive nutrient in liquid media composition, but this study underscores the feasibility of using low-cost nitrogen compounds composed mainly of agro-industrial by-products for rapid production of desiccation-tolerant B. bassiana Blastospores by liquid culture fermentation.
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oviposition behavior and survival of tamarixia radiata hymenoptera eulophidae an ectoparasitoid of the asian citrus psyllid diaphorina citri hemiptera liviidae on hosts exposed to an entomopathogenic fungus isaria fumosorosea hypocreales cordycipitac
Journal of Economic Entomology, 2016Co-Authors: Andrew Chow, Joseph M Patt, Mark A Jackson, Christopher A Dunlap, Daniel Flores, Mamoudou SetamouAbstract:Antagonistic interactions between the nymphal parasitoid, Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), and the ARSEF 3581 strain of the entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea Wize (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), could disrupt biological control of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Three interactions were evaluated under laboratory conditions at 25 °C: 1) parasitoid survival if parasitized hosts were exposed to ARSEF 3581 Blastospores before or after host mummification; 2) parasitoid survival if mummies containing larva or pupa were exposed to ARSEF 3581 hyphae; 3) parasitoid oviposition on infected hosts with visible or without visible hyphae. Topical application of Blastospore formulation onto the dorsal surfaces of live nymphs parasitized with second-instar wasp larva (3 d after parasitism) reduced host mummification by 50% and parasitoid emergence by 85%. However, parasitoid emergence was not affected by topical application of Blastospore formulation onto mummies that contained fourth-instar wasp larva (6 d after parasitism). Parasitoid emergence was reduced by 80% if mummies containing fourth-instar wasp larva were covered with Blastospore formulation colonized by fungal hyphae. In comparison, parasitoid emergence was not affected if mummies containing wasp pupa (9 d after parasitism) were covered with formulation colonized by fungal hyphae. Female parasitoids oviposited on infected hosts without visible hyphae but not on infected hosts with visible hyphae. Our findings suggest that I. fumosorosea could detrimentally affect T. radiata , if both natural enemies are simultaneously deployed for biological control of D. citri . However, temporal separation of the fungus and parasitoid could reduce antagonism and enhance control of D. citri .
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efficacy of an autodisseminator of an entomopathogenic fungus isaria fumosorosea to suppress asian citrus psyllid diaphorina citri under greenhouse conditions
Biological Control, 2015Co-Authors: Joseph M Patt, Pasco B. Avery, Mark A Jackson, Christopher A Dunlap, Andrew Chow, Daniel Flores, Mamoudou Setamou, William G Meikle, Carlos Gracia, Wayne B. HunterAbstract:Abstract We are developing an autodisseminator (‘dispenser’) to inoculate Asian citrus psyllid with entomopathogens for the purpose of inducing epizootics in residential trees and abandoned groves, areas where chemical control is problematic. The dispenser prototype consisted of a bright yellow pleated tube coated with a spore formulation made from pulverized cotton burrs and Blastospores of Isaria fumosorosea . Adult psyllids were released within an array of dispensers and potted citrus saplings in a greenhouse. After 24 h, they were collected from the foliage, surface sterilized, and placed in an incubator. A mean of 55% of the adults developed mycosis ( n = 3 tests), demonstrating that the dispensers could cause primary infection. The potted plants used in the horizontal transmission tests were infested with immature psyllids; 27–35% of which became infected following contact with adults that had visited the dispensers ( n = 2 tests). When mycosed adult cadavers with mature conidia were placed near immatures on the potted plants, over 90% of the immatures mycosed, indicating that conidia from the cadavers were highly contagious. On dispensers left in the greenhouse for three weeks, the infectivity of Blastospores exposed to direct sunlight decreased by 46% after 7 d and by 60% after 20 d, while infectivity levels remained high in Blastospores that were shaded. These results confirmed that that the basic dispenser design was sound with respect to attracting and infecting psyllids. It requires further modification to work effectively under ambient conditions, since exposure to direct sunlight decreased Blastospore infectiveness over time.
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Glucose concentration alters dissolved oxygen levels in liquid cultures of Beauveria bassiana and affects formation and bioefficacy of Blastospores
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce Naomi Kobori, Christopher A Dunlap, Ítalo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The filamentous fungus Beauveria bassiana is an economically important pathogen of numerous arthropod pests and is able to grow in submerged culture as filaments (mycelia) or as budding yeast-like Blastospores. In this study, we evaluated the effect of dissolved oxygen and high glucose concentrations on Blastospore production by submerged cultures of two isolates of B. bassiana , ESALQ1432 and GHA. Results showed that maintaining adequate dissolved oxygen levels coupled with high glucose concentrations enhanced Blastospore yields by both isolates. High glucose concentrations increased the osmotic pressure of the media and coincided with higher dissolved oxygen levels and increased production of significantly smaller Blastospores compared with Blastospores produced in media with lower concentrations of glucose. The desiccation tolerance of Blastospores dried to less than 2.6 % moisture was not affected by the glucose concentration of the medium but was isolate dependent. Blastospores of isolate ESALQ1432 produced in media containing 140 g glucose L^−1 showed greater virulence toward whitefly nymphs ( Bemisia tabaci ) as compared with Blastospores produced in media containing 40 g glucose L^−1. These results suggest a synergistic effect between glucose concentration and oxygen availability on changing morphology and enhancing the yield and efficacy of Blastospores of B. bassiana , thereby facilitating the development of a cost-effective production method for this Blastospore-based bioinsecticide.
Robert W Behle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Improved shelf life of dried Beauveria bassiana Blastospores using convective drying and active packaging processes
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce N. Kobori, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The yeast form (Blastospore) of the dimorphic insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana can be rapidly produced using liquid fermentation methods but is generally unable to survive rapid dehydration processes or storage under non-refrigerated conditions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of two convective drying methods, various modified atmosphere packaging systems, and storage temperatures on the desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and virulence of Blastospores of B. bassiana ESALQ 1432. All Blastospore formulations were dried to
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Improved shelf life of dried Beauveria bassiana Blastospores using convective drying and active packaging processes
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce N. Kobori, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The yeast form (Blastospore) of the dimorphic insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana can be rapidly produced using liquid fermentation methods but is generally unable to survive rapid dehydration processes or storage under non-refrigerated conditions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of two convective drying methods, various modified atmosphere packaging systems, and storage temperatures on the desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and virulence of Blastospores of B. bassiana ESALQ 1432. All Blastospore formulations were dried to
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Glucose concentration alters dissolved oxygen levels in liquid cultures of Beauveria bassiana and affects formation and bioefficacy of Blastospores
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce Naomi Kobori, Christopher A Dunlap, Ítalo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The filamentous fungus Beauveria bassiana is an economically important pathogen of numerous arthropod pests and is able to grow in submerged culture as filaments (mycelia) or as budding yeast-like Blastospores. In this study, we evaluated the effect of dissolved oxygen and high glucose concentrations on Blastospore production by submerged cultures of two isolates of B. bassiana , ESALQ1432 and GHA. Results showed that maintaining adequate dissolved oxygen levels coupled with high glucose concentrations enhanced Blastospore yields by both isolates. High glucose concentrations increased the osmotic pressure of the media and coincided with higher dissolved oxygen levels and increased production of significantly smaller Blastospores compared with Blastospores produced in media with lower concentrations of glucose. The desiccation tolerance of Blastospores dried to less than 2.6 % moisture was not affected by the glucose concentration of the medium but was isolate dependent. Blastospores of isolate ESALQ1432 produced in media containing 140 g glucose L^−1 showed greater virulence toward whitefly nymphs ( Bemisia tabaci ) as compared with Blastospores produced in media containing 40 g glucose L^−1. These results suggest a synergistic effect between glucose concentration and oxygen availability on changing morphology and enhancing the yield and efficacy of Blastospores of B. bassiana , thereby facilitating the development of a cost-effective production method for this Blastospore-based bioinsecticide.
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liquid culture fermentation for rapid production of desiccation tolerant Blastospores of beauveria bassiana and isaria fumosorosea strains
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2015Co-Authors: Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce Naomi Kobori, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Italo DelaliberaAbstract:Abstract A major constraint to the commercial use of fungal biocontrol agents is the availability of low-cost production media and processes. Previous attempts in producing Beauveria Blastospores using liquid culture fermentation processes required long fermentation times (6–8 days) and produced cells that had poor survival after desiccation and storage. In this study, isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Isaria fumosorosea were evaluated for Blastospore yield, desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and biocontrol efficacy using fermentation media containing acid hydrolyzed casein or cottonseed flour as the nitrogen source. Cultures of B. bassiana and I. fumosorosea grown in media containing cottonseed flour produced high Blastospore concentrations (>1 × 109 mL−1) after 3 days which is comparatively less expensive nitrogen source than acid hydrolyzed casein. The resultant air-dried Blastospores ( 14 months in contrast to 9.2–13.1 months for I. fumosorosea. Blastospores of B. bassiana and I. fumosorosea killed Bemisia tabaci whitefly nymphs faster and required lower concentrations compared with aerial conidia. Our findings support the use of liquid culture fermentation as a cost-effective process to rapidly produce high yields of stable and infective Blastospores of either B. bassiana or I. fumosorosea. These results support further evaluation of Blastospore sprayable formulations for the control of soft-bodied insects.
Italo Delalibera Júnior - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative analysis of Blastospore production and virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps fumosorosea against soybean pests
BioControl, 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Corrêa, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Vanessa Silveira Duarte, Daniela Milanez Silva, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:Blastospores are yeast-like infective cells to arthropod pests and can be obtained shortly by liquid culture. However, fungal isolates exhibit striking variation in production, desiccation tolerance and virulence. In this study, we screened three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and three of Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) for Blastospore production and assessed desiccation tolerance by air drying. The virulence of these isolates were determined against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The isolates ESALQ-1296 and ESALQ-3422 of C. fumosorosea and ESALQ-4958 of B. bassiana yielded Blastospore concentrations above 1 × 109 ml−1, but only the two C. fumosorosea isolates retained viability rates above 75% after drying. Blastospores of both fungal species were more effective in killing the three insect species than aerial conidia. In summary, Blastospores of C. fumosorosea ESALQ-1296 hold the best promise for broad-spectrum pest control in soybean.
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Comparative analysis of Blastospore production and virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps fumosorosea against soybean pests
BioControl, 2020Co-Authors: Bianca Corrêa, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Vanessa Silveira Duarte, Daniela Milanez Silva, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:Blastospores are yeast-like infective cells to arthropod pests and can be obtained shortly by liquid culture. However, fungal isolates exhibit striking variation in production, desiccation tolerance and virulence. In this study, we screened three isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and three of Cordyceps fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) for Blastospore production and assessed desiccation tolerance by air drying. The virulence of these isolates were determined against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The isolates ESALQ-1296 and ESALQ-3422 of C. fumosorosea and ESALQ-4958 of B. bassiana yielded Blastospore concentrations above 1 × 10^9 ml^−1, but only the two C. fumosorosea isolates retained viability rates above 75% after drying. Blastospores of both fungal species were more effective in killing the three insect species than aerial conidia. In summary, Blastospores of C. fumosorosea ESALQ-1296 hold the best promise for broad-spectrum pest control in soybean.
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Modified Adamek's medium renders high yields of Metarhizium robertsii Blastospores that are desiccation tolerant and infective to cattle-tick larvae.
Fungal biology, 2018Co-Authors: Natasha Sant Anna Iwanicki, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Bruna De Oliveira Ferreira, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:Abstract Blastospores are yeast-like cells produced by entomopathogenic fungi that are infective to arthropods. The economical feasible production of Blastospores of the insect killing fungus Metarhizium spp. must be optimized to increase yields. Moreover, stabilization process is imperative for Blastospore formulation as a final product. In this sense, our goal was to increase Blastospore production of two Metarhizium isolates (ESALQ1426 and ESALQ4676) in submerged liquid cultures. A modified Adamek's medium was supplemented with increased glucose concentrations and the fermentation time was accelerated by using a Blastospore pre-culture as inoculum. Virulence of air-dried stable Blastospores was compared with conidia toward larvae of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus. Our results revealed that Blastospore production of Metarhizium is isolate- and species-dependent. Glucose-enriched cultures (140 g glucose/L) inoculated with pre-cultures improved yields with optimal growth conditions attained for Metarhizium robertsii ESALQ1426 that rendered as high as 5.9 × 108 Blastospores/mL within 2 d. Resultant air-dried Blastospores of ESALQ1426 were firstly proved to infect and quickly kill cattle tick larvae with comparable efficiency to conidia. Altogether, we argue that both osmotic pressure, induced by high glucose titers, and isolate selection are critical to produce high yields of Blastospores that hold promise to control cattle-tick larvae.
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Improved shelf life of dried Beauveria bassiana Blastospores using convective drying and active packaging processes
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce N. Kobori, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The yeast form (Blastospore) of the dimorphic insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana can be rapidly produced using liquid fermentation methods but is generally unable to survive rapid dehydration processes or storage under non-refrigerated conditions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of two convective drying methods, various modified atmosphere packaging systems, and storage temperatures on the desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and virulence of Blastospores of B. bassiana ESALQ 1432. All Blastospore formulations were dried to
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Improved shelf life of dried Beauveria bassiana Blastospores using convective drying and active packaging processes
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2016Co-Authors: Gabriel Moura Mascarin, Robert W Behle, Mark A Jackson, Nilce N. Kobori, Italo Delalibera JúniorAbstract:The yeast form (Blastospore) of the dimorphic insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana can be rapidly produced using liquid fermentation methods but is generally unable to survive rapid dehydration processes or storage under non-refrigerated conditions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of two convective drying methods, various modified atmosphere packaging systems, and storage temperatures on the desiccation tolerance, storage stability, and virulence of Blastospores of B. bassiana ESALQ 1432. All Blastospore formulations were dried to