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Chunyao Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative Blood Chemistry and histopathology of tilapia infected with vibrio vulnificus or streptococcus iniae or exposed to carbon tetrachloride gentamicin or copper sulfate
Aquaculture, 2004Co-Authors: Chunyao Chen, G A Wooster, Paul R BowserAbstract:Abstract A comparative study was conducted of Blood Chemistry and histopathology of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) after infection with Vibrio vulnificus or Streptococcus iniae or exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CT), gentamicin (Gm), or copper sulfate (Cu). Treatments were chosen as models targeting different organs and from which different types of lesions were expected. Moderate histological changes were observed in the gill, trunk kidney, liver, spleen, and head kidney in both bacterial infections. Gentamicin induced significant changes in the trunk kidney, liver, and intestine, while carbon tetrachloride treatment caused changes in the liver and trunk kidney. Copper treatment only caused mild proliferation of the gill epithelium. Among the Blood Chemistry parameters measured, hematocrit, iron, glucose, sodium, and chloride were good indicators of deteriorating health in tilapia, with significant changes in those parameters being observed in most treatment groups. Severity of histopathology in the liver, intestine, and trunk kidney was associated positively with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) but negatively with sodium, chloride, cholesterol, and total protein. Anion gap was the only Blood Chemistry parameter correlating to histopathology in the spleen and head kidney. Standardized principal component analysis, discriminant analysis, and canonical correlation analysis were applied to the Blood Chemistry and histopathology data. A consensus set of important parameters that included sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, total protein, ALT, AST, cholesterol, total iron binding capacity, and iron was obtained. Using a 7-parameter model that included potassium, ALT, iron, total protein, bicarbonate, creatine kinase, and AST, 70% of the fish could be correctly classified to the appropriate treatment group, while a 17-parameter model allowed 81% proper classification.
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Blood Chemistry of healthy nephrocalcinosis affected and ozone treated tilapia in a recirculation system with application of discriminant analysis
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Chunyao Chen, G A Wooster, Rodman G Getchell, Paul R Bowser, Michael B TimmonsAbstract:Blood Chemistry parameters of Nile tilapia (pure strain Oreochromis niloticus) raised in a recirculation system were studied. Plasma samples were collected from 30 healthy tilapia every 3 months during a 1-year period. An additional 30 tilapia affected with nephrocalcinosis, and 30 fish from a system treated with ozone were also examined. Significant differences among healthy groups were observed in all parameters except for plasma magnesium, iron, albumin-to-globulin ratio, glucose, cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphotase (AP) and creatine kinase (CK) activities. Nephrocalcinosis-affected tilapia differed significantly from healthy fish in most electrolyte and metabolite concentrations, as well as in ALT, AST and AP activities. Ozone-treated fish showed significant differences in electrolyte concentrations and ALT, AST and AP activities. Discriminant analysis revealed good separation of these groups. Evaluation of the data set indicated that the number of Blood Chemistry parameters could be reduced from 23 to 9 without losing the ability to separate the groups (90% and 92% correct, respectively). Most of the incorrect prediction came from less satisfactory separation of ozone-treated fish from healthy fish, due to the lack of apparent adverse impact on health of this treatment. Thirty tilapia from the same facility that were experiencing a low mortality rate were also used to test the model; individuals with abnormal Blood Chemistry profiles were identified.
James L. Congleton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Blood Chemistry correlates of nutritional condition tissue damage and stress in migrating juvenile chinook salmon oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2004Co-Authors: Tyler Wagner, James L. CongletonAbstract:We used factor analysis to examine the correlation structure of six multivariate Blood Chemistry data sets for migrating hatchery and wild juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Fish w...
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Comparison of Blood Chemistry values for samples collected from juvenile chinook salmon by three methods
Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 2001Co-Authors: James L. Congleton, William J. LavoieAbstract:Abstract Thirteen Blood Chemistry indices were compared for samples collected by three commonly used methods: caudal transection, heart puncture, and caudal vessel puncture. Apparent biases in Blood Chemistry values for samples obtained by caudal transection were consistent with dilution with tissue fluids: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), triglyceride, and K+ were increased and Na+ and Cl− were decreased relative to values for samples obtained by caudal vessel puncture. Some enzyme activities (ALT, AST, LDH) and K+ concentrations were also greater in samples taken by heart puncture than in samples taken by caudal vessel puncture. Of the methods tested, caudal vessel puncture had the least effect on Blood Chemistry values and should be preferred for Blood Chemistry studies on juvenile salmonids.
Michael B Timmons - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Blood Chemistry of healthy nephrocalcinosis affected and ozone treated tilapia in a recirculation system with application of discriminant analysis
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Chunyao Chen, G A Wooster, Rodman G Getchell, Paul R Bowser, Michael B TimmonsAbstract:Blood Chemistry parameters of Nile tilapia (pure strain Oreochromis niloticus) raised in a recirculation system were studied. Plasma samples were collected from 30 healthy tilapia every 3 months during a 1-year period. An additional 30 tilapia affected with nephrocalcinosis, and 30 fish from a system treated with ozone were also examined. Significant differences among healthy groups were observed in all parameters except for plasma magnesium, iron, albumin-to-globulin ratio, glucose, cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphotase (AP) and creatine kinase (CK) activities. Nephrocalcinosis-affected tilapia differed significantly from healthy fish in most electrolyte and metabolite concentrations, as well as in ALT, AST and AP activities. Ozone-treated fish showed significant differences in electrolyte concentrations and ALT, AST and AP activities. Discriminant analysis revealed good separation of these groups. Evaluation of the data set indicated that the number of Blood Chemistry parameters could be reduced from 23 to 9 without losing the ability to separate the groups (90% and 92% correct, respectively). Most of the incorrect prediction came from less satisfactory separation of ozone-treated fish from healthy fish, due to the lack of apparent adverse impact on health of this treatment. Thirty tilapia from the same facility that were experiencing a low mortality rate were also used to test the model; individuals with abnormal Blood Chemistry profiles were identified.
Oat Ebuehi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Citalopram and fluoxetine affects Blood Chemistry, hematology and brain serotonin in rats.
Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Oat Ebuehi, A A Akinbode, A R Erinfolami, A A Badaru, M A Yusuf, M O OjajuniAbstract:BACKGROUND Depression is caused as a result of combination of genetic, biochemical, environmental, and psychological factors. Citalopram and fluoxetine are antidepressants which are considered the current standard for depression treatment. There are little or no reports as to whether these antidepressants affect Blood Chemistry and haematological parameters in humans. OBJECTIVE The effects of citalopram and fluoxetine on Blood Chemistry, hematology and brain serotonin in rats were investigated. METHODS Forty-five Sprague Dawley male albino rats (140.69 +/- 5.86g) were divided into 3 equal groups. The first group of rats were orally administered 2 ml of 0.25 mg/ml of citalopram, the second group was administered 2 ml of 0.25 mg/ml of fluoxetine and the third group was administered 2 ml of saline (0.89% NaCl) daily for 4 weeks. The body weights and feed intake of rats were recorded every other day throughout the duration of drug administration. Five rats from each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of drug administration. Blood was taken intravenously into lithium heparinized tubes and brain excised. Blood Chemistry and hematology were determined by auto analyzer, while brain serotonin levels were determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Serum levels of creatinine, urea, albumin, protein, glucose and activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) were determined in rats administered citalopram, fluoxetine and saline. The packed cell volume, white Blood cells, red Blood cells and platelets of rats administered the respective drugs were determined. RESULTS There was no significant (P > 0.01) difference in the mean body weight of rats administered fluoxetine, citalopram or saline for 2 weeks. There were no significant differences in the hematological parameters of rats. The results of the study showed that citalopram increase the body weight of rats in the third and fourth week and was reduced in fluoxetine administered rats. The drugs also affected brain serotonin level, lipid profile of rats and increased levels of albumin, glucose and activities of liver enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. CONCLUSION Data of the study indicate that oral administration of citalopram and fluoxetine in rats for 4 weeks daily affected Blood Chemistry and do not affect haematological parameters.
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Effects of oral administration of energy drinks on Blood Chemistry, tissue histology and brain acetylcholine in rabbits.
Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Oat Ebuehi, O E Ajayl, A L Onyeulor, D AwelimoborAbstract:Background : Energy drinks are canned or bottled carbonated beverages that contain large amounts of caffeine and sugar with additional ingredients, such as BVitamins, amino acids and herbal stimulants. Previous reports have shown that consumption of large amounts of these energy drinks may result in adverse health consequences. Objective : The present study is to ascertain if ora administration of energy drinks, such as “power horse” and “red bull”, may affect Blood Chemistry, tissue histology and acetyl choline levels in rabbits. Methods : Five ml of power horse and red bull energy drinks, caffeine and saline (control) were orally administered daily for 36 days to rabbits. Body weight, feed and water intake were measured every other day. The Blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture for Blood Chemistry measurement and their liver, heart and brain tissues were used for histological assay. The plasma, liver, brain and heart acetylcholine levels were also determined. Results : There were no significant differences in the body weight, feed intake and organ weights of rabbits administered energy drinks or caffeine as compared to the control. The Blood Chemistry results showed that the activities of the aspartate and alanine amino transferase, concentrations of plasma creatinine, uric acid and albumin were increased in the control as compared to the red bull and caffeine administered rabbits. The concentrations of total protein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) and glucose concentrations were increased in power horse and red bull administered rabbits as compared to caffeine administered rabbits and control rabbits. The concentrations of plasma and brain acetylcholine of rabbits administered power horse and red bull were significantly higher than in the control, while it was lower in liver and heart acetyl choline levels.. The histopathological findings of the brain and liver show that there were no obvious histopathological abnormalities in the brain, liver and heart of rabbits administered power horse or red bull and caffeine as compared to the control rabbits. Conclusion : Data of the present study indicate that oral administration of the energy drinks, specifically power horse and red bull, affected Blood Chemistry, liver enzymes activities, but do not significantly affect the histopathology of the brain, heart and liver of the rabbits. This findings suggest that energy drinks may alter cholinergic neurotransmission and neural functions mediated by acetylcholine. Key Words : Energy drinks, Blood Chemistry, histopathology, acetyl choline, brain, liver, heart
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Effects of administration of sertraline, clozapine, amitriptyline and imipramine on brain serotonin, liver enzymes and Blood Chemistry of rabbit
International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Oat Ebuehi, Ai Akinwande, Ce Ikanone, Aa Balogun, Oo FamuyiwaAbstract:The chronic administration of sertraline, clozapine, amitriptyline and imipramine on brain serotonin, liver enzymes and Blood Chemistry of rabbits were investigated. Sixty rabbits were equally divided into 5 groups and each group was intraperitoneally administered 2 ml of 0.5 mg of the respective drug/kg body weight/day) and saline as control for 28 days. After 28 days, the rabbits were sacrificed; Blood taken, liver and brain were excised. The concentration of total protein, serotonin, cholesterol and triglyceride in serum, liver and brain were determined. The activities of serum and liver alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase were also assayed. The serum serotonin and brain serotonin levels in rabbits administered the respective drugs were significantly (p administered saline. Brain protein and cholesterol levels in rabbit administered saline were significantly lower than in those administered sertraline, clozapine, amitriptyline and imipramine, with no difference in the serum protein levels. The activities of serum and liver AST and ALT of rabbits administered saline were significantly lower than in those administered the respective drugs, with the exception of serum ALP. Data from the study indicate that intraperitoneal administration of imipramine or amitriptyline produced a more pronounced effect on brain serotonin, activities of liver derived enzymes in serum and Blood Chemistry of rabbits compared to sertraline or clozapine. Keywords: Antidepressant drugs, serotonin, enzymes, Blood Chemistry.
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Effect of Marijuana Smoking on Blood Chemistry and Serum Biogenic Amines Concentrations in Humans
Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences, 2005Co-Authors: Oat Ebuehi, Ai Akinwande, Oo Famuyiwa, Eo Uzodinma, Oa Adebayo, Oa Onwumere, On Masade, B AiyesimojuAbstract:The effect of marijuana smoking on Blood Chemistry and serum biogenic amines concentrations in humans was investigated. Eighty Marijuana addicts and twenty non- marijuana smokers were used in the study. Blood Chemistry and serum biogenic amines concentrations of the marijuana addicts and controls, were determined by Synchron CX5 autoanalyzer and high performance liquid chromatography respectively. The concentrations of serum creatine, phosphate, urea nitrogen, triglyceride, choline, uric acid, serum aspartate transaminase, serum glutamate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activities of the marijuana addicts were significantly higher (p KEY WORDS: Marijuana smoking, Blood Chemistry, serum biogenic amines. Nigerian Journal of Health and Biomedical Sciences Vol.4(1) 2005: 20-24
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Blood Chemistry AND PLATELET SEROTONIN UPTAKE AS ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF TRACKING HIV/AIDS
African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Oat Ebuehi, M Balogun, Rosemary A. Audu, Oe IdigbeAbstract:A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the Blood Chemistry and platelet serotonin uptake as alternative method of determining HIV disease stage in HIV/AIDS patients. Whole Blood was taken from subjects at the Human Virology of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research. Subjects were judged suitable for the various investigations by means of a questionnaire. The Genie II HIV diagnostic kit was used to confirm HIV positive status. HIV positive subjects were grouped in to two: those receiving antiretroviral therapy were referred to as the ARV group and those not on antiretroviral therapy were designated as non-ARV group. Each group was further sub-divided according to the Centers for Disease Control 1993 classification of HIV disease. HIV negative subjects must have been tested no later than two months to the sample collection date and must not lead a high-risk lifestyle. Serum was used to assay for Blood Chemistry activities with Randox analytical reagents. Blood platelets were prepared from one milliliter of whole Blood and platelet serotonin uptake rates were determined. The serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) of non-ARV subjects was the only Blood Chemistry parameter that showed any significant variation from normal (p Key Words: Blood Chemistry, platelet serotonin uptake, HIV/AIDS Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. 2004; 5(2): 155 - 159
Paul R Bowser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative Blood Chemistry and histopathology of tilapia infected with vibrio vulnificus or streptococcus iniae or exposed to carbon tetrachloride gentamicin or copper sulfate
Aquaculture, 2004Co-Authors: Chunyao Chen, G A Wooster, Paul R BowserAbstract:Abstract A comparative study was conducted of Blood Chemistry and histopathology of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) after infection with Vibrio vulnificus or Streptococcus iniae or exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CT), gentamicin (Gm), or copper sulfate (Cu). Treatments were chosen as models targeting different organs and from which different types of lesions were expected. Moderate histological changes were observed in the gill, trunk kidney, liver, spleen, and head kidney in both bacterial infections. Gentamicin induced significant changes in the trunk kidney, liver, and intestine, while carbon tetrachloride treatment caused changes in the liver and trunk kidney. Copper treatment only caused mild proliferation of the gill epithelium. Among the Blood Chemistry parameters measured, hematocrit, iron, glucose, sodium, and chloride were good indicators of deteriorating health in tilapia, with significant changes in those parameters being observed in most treatment groups. Severity of histopathology in the liver, intestine, and trunk kidney was associated positively with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) but negatively with sodium, chloride, cholesterol, and total protein. Anion gap was the only Blood Chemistry parameter correlating to histopathology in the spleen and head kidney. Standardized principal component analysis, discriminant analysis, and canonical correlation analysis were applied to the Blood Chemistry and histopathology data. A consensus set of important parameters that included sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, total protein, ALT, AST, cholesterol, total iron binding capacity, and iron was obtained. Using a 7-parameter model that included potassium, ALT, iron, total protein, bicarbonate, creatine kinase, and AST, 70% of the fish could be correctly classified to the appropriate treatment group, while a 17-parameter model allowed 81% proper classification.
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Blood Chemistry of healthy nephrocalcinosis affected and ozone treated tilapia in a recirculation system with application of discriminant analysis
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Chunyao Chen, G A Wooster, Rodman G Getchell, Paul R Bowser, Michael B TimmonsAbstract:Blood Chemistry parameters of Nile tilapia (pure strain Oreochromis niloticus) raised in a recirculation system were studied. Plasma samples were collected from 30 healthy tilapia every 3 months during a 1-year period. An additional 30 tilapia affected with nephrocalcinosis, and 30 fish from a system treated with ozone were also examined. Significant differences among healthy groups were observed in all parameters except for plasma magnesium, iron, albumin-to-globulin ratio, glucose, cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphotase (AP) and creatine kinase (CK) activities. Nephrocalcinosis-affected tilapia differed significantly from healthy fish in most electrolyte and metabolite concentrations, as well as in ALT, AST and AP activities. Ozone-treated fish showed significant differences in electrolyte concentrations and ALT, AST and AP activities. Discriminant analysis revealed good separation of these groups. Evaluation of the data set indicated that the number of Blood Chemistry parameters could be reduced from 23 to 9 without losing the ability to separate the groups (90% and 92% correct, respectively). Most of the incorrect prediction came from less satisfactory separation of ozone-treated fish from healthy fish, due to the lack of apparent adverse impact on health of this treatment. Thirty tilapia from the same facility that were experiencing a low mortality rate were also used to test the model; individuals with abnormal Blood Chemistry profiles were identified.