The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Charlottemaria Orphanou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the detection and discrimination of human Body Fluids using atr ft ir spectroscopy
    Forensic Science International, 2015
    Co-Authors: Charlottemaria Orphanou
    Abstract:

    Blood, saliva, semen and vaginal secretions are the main human Body Fluids encountered at crime scenes. Currently presumptive tests are routinely utilised to indicate the presence of Body Fluids, although these are often subject to false positives and limited to particular Body Fluids. Over the last decade more sensitive and specific Body fluid identification methods have been explored, such as mRNA analysis and proteomics, although these are not yet appropriate for routine application. This research investigated the application of ATR FT-IR spectroscopy for the detection and discrimination of human blood, saliva, semen and vaginal secretions. The results demonstrated that ATR FT-IR spectroscopy can detect and distinguish between these Body Fluids based on the unique spectral pattern, combination of peaks and peak frequencies corresponding to the macromolecule groups common within biological material. Comparisons with known abundant proteins relevant to each Body fluid were also analysed to enable specific peaks to be attributed to the relevant protein components, which further reinforced the discrimination and identification of each Body fluid. Overall, this preliminary research has demonstrated the potential for ATR FT-IR spectroscopy to be utilised in the routine confirmatory screening of biological evidence due to its quick and robust application within forensic science.

Xiubo Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • electrochemical behavior al2o3 al coated surgical az91 magnesium alloy in simulated Body Fluids
    Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2008
    Co-Authors: Wenjun Zhang, Guoyi Tang, Jiang Jiang, Xiubo Tian
    Abstract:

    Magnesium alloys are potential materials for use in biodegradable hard-tissue implants, but the fast degradation rate in a biological environment limits their applications. In order to improve the corrosion resistance, a dense, adhesive, and biocompatible Al 2 O 3 /Al bilayered coating is fabricated on AZ91 magnesium alloy by means of filtered cathodic arc deposition. The electrochemical behavior is systematically studied in simulated Body Fluids using a potentiodynamic polarization test, open-circuit potential evolution, as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Our results indicate that the corrosion resistance of the coated alloy is significantly enhanced. The deterioration mechanism and corrosion process of the coating during immersion are discussed.

  • corrosion behavior of biomedical az91 magnesium alloy in simulated Body Fluids
    Journal of Materials Research, 2007
    Co-Authors: X W Zhang, Guoyi Tang, Xiubo Tian
    Abstract:

    Fast degradation rates in the physiological environment constitute the main limitation for magnesium alloys used in biodegradable hard tissue implants. In this work, the corrosion behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy in simulated Body Fluids (SBF) was systematically investigated to determine its performance in a physiological environment. The influence of the main constituent phases on the corrosion behavior was studied by in situ visual observation and scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy revealed that both calcium and magnesium phosphates are present in the corroded products besides magnesium oxide. Electrochemical methods including open circuit potential evolution and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to investigate the mechanism. The corresponding electrode controlled processes and evolution of the corrosion products layer were discussed. The degradation rate after immersion in SBF for seven days was calculated from both the weight loss and hydrogen evolution methods.

Lian-kang Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Development of Highly Sensitive and Specific mRNA Multiplex System (XCYR1) for Forensic Human Body Fluids and Tissues Identification
    2016
    Co-Authors: Jianhui Xie, Yu Cao, Huaigu Zhou, Yuan Ping, Lian-kang Chen
    Abstract:

    The identification of human Body Fluids or tissues through mRNA-based profiling is very useful for forensic investigations. Previous studies have shown mRNA biomarkers are effective to identify the origin of biological samples. In this study, we selected 16 tissue specific biomarkers to evaluate their specificities and sensitivities for human Body Fluids and tissues identification, including porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), hemoglobin beta (HBB) and Glycophorin A (GLY) for circulatory blood, protamine 2 (PRM2) and transglutaminase 4 (TGM4) for semen, mucin 4 (MUC4) and human beta defensin 1(HBD1) for vaginal secretion, matrix metalloproteinases 7 and 11 (MMP7 and MMP11) for menstrual blood, keratin 4(KRT4) for oral mucosa, loricrin (LOR) and cystatin 6 (CST6) for skin, histatin 3(HTN3) for saliva, statherin (STATH) for nasal secretion, dermcidin (DCD) for sweat and uromodulin (UMOD) for urine. The above mentioned ten common forensic Body Fluids or tissues were used in the evaluation. Based on the evaluation, a reverse transcription (RT) PCR multiplex assay, XCYR1, whic

  • Development of Highly Sensitive and Specific mRNA Multiplex System (XCYR1) for Forensic Human Body Fluids and Tissues Identification
    PloS one, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jianhui Xie, Yu Cao, Huaigu Zhou, Yuan Ping, Lian-kang Chen
    Abstract:

    The identification of human Body Fluids or tissues through mRNA-based profiling is very useful for forensic investigations. Previous studies have shown mRNA biomarkers are effective to identify the origin of biological samples. In this study, we selected 16 tissue specific biomarkers to evaluate their specificities and sensitivities for human Body Fluids and tissues identification, including porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), hemoglobin beta (HBB) and Glycophorin A (GLY) for circulatory blood, protamine 2 (PRM2) and transglutaminase 4 (TGM4) for semen, mucin 4 (MUC4) and human beta defensin 1(HBD1) for vaginal secretion, matrix metalloproteinases 7 and 11 (MMP7 and MMP11) for menstrual blood, keratin 4(KRT4) for oral mucosa, loricrin (LOR) and cystatin 6 (CST6) for skin, histatin 3(HTN3) for saliva, statherin (STATH) for nasal secretion, dermcidin (DCD) for sweat and uromodulin (UMOD) for urine. The above mentioned ten common forensic Body Fluids or tissues were used in the evaluation. Based on the evaluation, a reverse transcription (RT) PCR multiplex assay, XCYR1, which includes 12 biomarkers (i.e., HBB, GLY, HTN3, PRM2, KRT4, MMP11, MUC4, DCD, UMOD, MMP7, TGM4, and STATH) and 2 housekeeping genes [i.e., glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and 18SrRNA], was developed. This assay was further validated with real casework samples and mock samples (with both single source and mixture) and it was approved that XCYR1 is effective to identify common Body Fluids or tissues (i.e., circulatory blood, saliva, semen, vaginal secretion, menstrual blood, oral mucosa, nasal secretion, sweat and urine) in forensic casework samples.

M P G Leers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of serous Body Fluids using the cell dyn sapphire hematology analyzer
    Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeffrey F W Keuren, Johannes J M L Hoffmann, M P G Leers
    Abstract:

    Background: Correct cell enumeration and differential analysis of Body Fluids are important in the diagnosis and management of several diseases. Currently, microscopic analysis is still considered the “ gold standard ” . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the analytical perfor-mance of the CELL-DYN Sapphire hematology analyzer for automated differentiation of cells in serous Fluids and to explore whether manual analysis of the raw data files could improve the differential count compared with refer-ence microscopy. Methods: A total of 105 serous Fluids (39 peritoneal and 66 pleural effusions) were analyzed by the CELL-DYN Sapphire using standard whole-blood algorithm. Addi-tionally, we performed optimized manual gating of the Sapphire raw data file using standard flow cytometry software. Results: The standard Sapphire algorithm showed substantial deviations from the reference micro scopic differentiation: polymorphonuclear cell counts were too high because they contained some monocytic cells. However, when optimized manual gating strategy is used, a good correlation and negligible bias were found. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that with a modified algorithm, CELL-DYN Sapphire will provide reliable iden-tification and enumeration of blood cells in peritoneal and pleural Fluids.Keywords: pleur al effusion; mesothelial cells; microscopy.

Buket Cicioglu Aridogan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of the BACTEC blood culture system versus conventional methods for culture of normally sterile Body Fluids
    Advances in Therapy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Emel Sesli Çetin, Selçuk Kaya, Mustafa Demirci, Buket Cicioglu Aridogan
    Abstract:

    This study compared the BACTEC™ blood culture system (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, Sparks, Md) with conventional culture methods for recovery and time to detection of significant isolates from normally sterile Body Fluids. A total of 412 specimens were included in the study. Half of the specimens were inoculated directly into the automated blood culture system. The remaining specimens were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min and were inoculated onto conventional media. Clinically significant microorganisms were isolated from 41 specimens (10%) by both culture systems; however, for 62 specimens (14.9%), growth was detected only with the BACTEC system. No isolates were detected with only conventional culture methods. A significant difference was noted between the blood culture system and routine culture methods for recovery of pathogenic microorganisms that were from sterile Body Fluids. The most frequently isolated microorganisms recovered only with the blood culture system were gram-positive cocci; gram-negative bacilli were the most frequently isolated microorganisms that were recovered with both culture methods. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans , Aeromonas hydrophila , and Brucella were recovered only with the blood culture system. Furthermore, the mean time to detection of significant pathogens was significantly less with the blood culture system than with conventional media. The BACTEC blood culture system was found to improve the yield of clinically significant isolates from normally sterile Body Fluids with reduced time to detection; it may be advantageous for isolation of fastidious microorganisms, such as Brucella and S pneumoniae , especially from cerebrospinal and synovial fluid specimens.