The Experts below are selected from a list of 4089 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J M Blasco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
eradication of Bovine Brucellosis in the azores portugal outcome of a 5 year programme 2002 2007 based on test and slaughter and rb51 vaccination
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: J M Blasco, Ignacio MoriyonAbstract:Bovine Brucellosis is an important contagious disease that can cause abortions and infertility in cattle, and can be transmitted to humans. Despite having an eradication programme in place since 1994, in 2000 the situation of Bovine Brucellosis due to Brucella abortus was not significantly improving in 3 of the 9 islands (Terceira, S. Miguel and S. Jorge) of the archipelago of Azores, an autonomous region of Portugal. Farming on these islands, particularly dairy, is extensive. Therefore, the use of RB51 vaccine, which does not induce antibodies detectable with routine Brucellosis diagnostic tests, was implemented. This article reports the results of an eradication programme based on RB51 mass vaccination combined with test-and-slaughter, which was implemented in the Azores during the 2002-2007 period. During the first round of vaccination, both adult cows and heifers were vaccinated. Subsequently, only replacement stock aged 4-12 months, were immunized with RB51.The test-and-slaughter policy based on bulk milk ring test (MRT) and serological surveillance was maintained. During this period, the average Brucellosis herd incidence, herd prevalence and individual prevalence decreased 69.26%, 39.26% and 75.41% respectively for the three above-mentioned islands. However, disease reduction approaching eradication was obtained only on the island of Terceira, where a high level of vaccine coverage was rapidly reached and regularly maintained together with strict application of a test-and-slaughter programme. This work shows that the RB51 vaccine could be a useful tool for eradicating Bovine Brucellosis in well-controlled epidemiological units provided that there is mass vaccine coverage for a sufficiently long period of time and it is combined with an appropriate test-and-slaughter programme.
-
efficacy of several serological tests and antigens for diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in the presence of false positive serological results due to yersinia enterocolitica o 9
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Pilar M Munoz, Ignacio Moriyon, C M Marin, D Monreal, David Gonzalez, Bruno Garinbastuji, R Diaz, R C Mainarjaime, J M BlascoAbstract:Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 bears a smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) of Brucella sp. O-chain A + C/Y epitopic structure and is a cause of false-positive serological reactions (FPSR) in standard tests for cattle Brucellosis. Brucella S-LPS, cross-reacting S-LPSs representing several O-chain epitope combinations, Brucella core lipid A epitopes (rough LPS), Brucella abortus S-LPS-derived polysaccharide, native hapten polysaccharide, rough LPS group 3 outer membrane protein complexes, recombinant BP26, and cytosolic proteins were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and precipitation tests to detect cattle Brucellosis (sensitivity) and to differentiate it from FPSR (specificity). No single serological test and antigen combination showed 100% sensitivity and specificity simultaneously. Immunoprecipitation tests with native hapten polysaccharide, counterimmunoelectrophoresis with cytosolic proteins, and a chaotropic ELISA with Brucella S-LPS were 100% specific but less sensitive than the Rose Bengal test, complement fixation, and indirect ELISA with Brucella S-LPSs and native hapten or S-LPS-derived polysaccharides. A competitive ELISA with Brucella S-LPS and M84 C/Y-specific monoclonal antibody was not 100% specific and was less sensitive than other tests. ELISA with Brucella suis bv. 2 S-LPS (deficient in C epitopes), Escherichia hermannii S-LPSs [lacking the contiguous α-(1-2)-linked perosamine residues characteristic of Y. enterocolitica S-LPS], BP26 recombinant protein, and Brucella cytosolic fractions did not provide adequate sensitivity/specificity ratios. Although no serological test and antigen combination fully resolved the diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in the presence of FPSR, some are simple and practical alternatives to the brucellin skin test currently recommended for differential diagnosis.
Mustafa M Ababneh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
seroprevalence and risk factors for Bovine Brucellosis in jordan
Journal of Veterinary Science, 2009Co-Authors: Ahmad M Almajali, Abdelsalam Q Talafha, Mustafa M AbabnehAbstract:We investigated the seroprevalence and risk factors for Brucella seropositivity in cattle in Jordan. The sera from 671 cows were randomly collected from 62 herds. The antibodies against Brucella were detected using a Rose Bengal plate test and indirect ELISA. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on the cattle herds' health and management. A multiple logistic regression model was constructed to identify the risk factors for Brucella seropositivity. The true prevalence of antibodies against Brucella in individual cows and cattle herds was 6.5% and 23%, respectively. The seroprevalence of Brucellosis in cows older than 4 years of age was significantly higher than that in the younger cows. The seroprevalence of Brucellosis in cows located in the Mafraq, Zarqa and Ma'an governorates was significantly higher than that of the other studied governorates. The multiple logistic regression model revealed that a larger herd size (odd ratio = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.6) and mixed farming (OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.7, 3.7) were risk factors for cattle seropositivity to Brucella antigens. On the other hand, the use of disinfectants (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.1) and the presence of adequate veterinary services (OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.2) were identified as protective factors.
Claude Saegerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Bayesian Estimation of the Prevalence and Test Characteristics (Sensitivity and Specificity) of Two Serological Tests (RB and SAT-EDTA) for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Small and Medium Cattle Holders in Ecuador
'MDPI AG', 2021Co-Authors: Valeria Paucar, Claude Saegerman, Jorge Ron-román, Washington Benítez-ortiz, Maritza Celi, Dirk Berkvens, Lenin Ron-garridoAbstract:In Ecuador, a national program for Bovine Brucellosis control has been in implementation since 2008. Given the costs, small- and medium-sized livestock holders are not completely committed to it. The objective of this study was to determine true prevalence (TP) of Bovine Brucellosis in small- and medium-sized herd populations, as well as the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Rose Bengal (RB) test and the sero-agglutination test (SAT)-EDTA using a Bayesian approach. Between 2011 and 2016, 2733 cattle herds were visited, and 22,592 animal blood samples were taken in nineteen provinces on mainland Ecuador. Bayes-p and deviance information criterion (DIC) statistics were used to select models. Additionally, risk-factor analysis was used for herds according to their Brucellosis test status. True prevalence (TP) in herds was estimated by pool testing. National seroprevalence of farms was 7.9% (95% CI: 6.79–9.03), and TP was 12.2% (95% CI: 7.8–17.9). Apparent prevalence (AP) in animals was 2.2% (95% CI: 1.82–2.67), and TP was 1.6% (95% CrI: 1.0–2.4). Similarly, the sensitivity of the RB was estimated at 64.6% (95% CrI: 42.6–85.3) and specificity at 98.9% (95% CrI: 98.6–99.0); for the SAT-EDTA test, sensitivity was 62.3% (95% CrI: 40.0–84.8) and 98.9% (95% CrI: 98.6–99.1) for specificity. Results of the two tests were highly correlated in infected and uninfected animals. Likewise, high spatial variation was observed, with the Coastal Region being the zone with the highest TP at 2.5%. (95% CrI: 1.3–3.8%) in individual animals and 28.2% (95% CI: 15.7–39.8) in herds. Risk factors include herd size, type of production (milk, beef, and mixed), abortions recorded, and vaccination. The results of this study serve to guide authorities to make decisions based on parallel testing at the beginning of a Bovine Brucellosis program for small livestock holders to increase sensitivity level of the screening tests in Ecuador
-
unexpected brucella suis biovar 2 infection in a dairy cow belgium
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2013Co-Authors: David Fretin, Marcella Mori, G Czaplicki, Christian Quinet, Benoit Maquet, Jacques Godfroid, Claude SaegermanAbstract:To the Editor: Belgium was declared free of Bovine Brucellosis by the European Union in 2003 (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:156:0074:0078:EN:PDF). To maintain this status, the Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain implemented a monitoring program, approved by the European Union, that consists of random serologic surveys and mandatory reporting of spontaneous abortion. This reporting enabled the detection of 2 outbreaks of Bovine Brucellosis in cattle caused by Brucella abortus biovar 3, in 2010 and 2012, but the origin of these outbreaks has not been identified.
Ignacio Moriyon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
eradication of Bovine Brucellosis in the azores portugal outcome of a 5 year programme 2002 2007 based on test and slaughter and rb51 vaccination
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: J M Blasco, Ignacio MoriyonAbstract:Bovine Brucellosis is an important contagious disease that can cause abortions and infertility in cattle, and can be transmitted to humans. Despite having an eradication programme in place since 1994, in 2000 the situation of Bovine Brucellosis due to Brucella abortus was not significantly improving in 3 of the 9 islands (Terceira, S. Miguel and S. Jorge) of the archipelago of Azores, an autonomous region of Portugal. Farming on these islands, particularly dairy, is extensive. Therefore, the use of RB51 vaccine, which does not induce antibodies detectable with routine Brucellosis diagnostic tests, was implemented. This article reports the results of an eradication programme based on RB51 mass vaccination combined with test-and-slaughter, which was implemented in the Azores during the 2002-2007 period. During the first round of vaccination, both adult cows and heifers were vaccinated. Subsequently, only replacement stock aged 4-12 months, were immunized with RB51.The test-and-slaughter policy based on bulk milk ring test (MRT) and serological surveillance was maintained. During this period, the average Brucellosis herd incidence, herd prevalence and individual prevalence decreased 69.26%, 39.26% and 75.41% respectively for the three above-mentioned islands. However, disease reduction approaching eradication was obtained only on the island of Terceira, where a high level of vaccine coverage was rapidly reached and regularly maintained together with strict application of a test-and-slaughter programme. This work shows that the RB51 vaccine could be a useful tool for eradicating Bovine Brucellosis in well-controlled epidemiological units provided that there is mass vaccine coverage for a sufficiently long period of time and it is combined with an appropriate test-and-slaughter programme.
-
efficacy of several serological tests and antigens for diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in the presence of false positive serological results due to yersinia enterocolitica o 9
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2005Co-Authors: Pilar M Munoz, Ignacio Moriyon, C M Marin, D Monreal, David Gonzalez, Bruno Garinbastuji, R Diaz, R C Mainarjaime, J M BlascoAbstract:Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 bears a smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) of Brucella sp. O-chain A + C/Y epitopic structure and is a cause of false-positive serological reactions (FPSR) in standard tests for cattle Brucellosis. Brucella S-LPS, cross-reacting S-LPSs representing several O-chain epitope combinations, Brucella core lipid A epitopes (rough LPS), Brucella abortus S-LPS-derived polysaccharide, native hapten polysaccharide, rough LPS group 3 outer membrane protein complexes, recombinant BP26, and cytosolic proteins were tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and precipitation tests to detect cattle Brucellosis (sensitivity) and to differentiate it from FPSR (specificity). No single serological test and antigen combination showed 100% sensitivity and specificity simultaneously. Immunoprecipitation tests with native hapten polysaccharide, counterimmunoelectrophoresis with cytosolic proteins, and a chaotropic ELISA with Brucella S-LPS were 100% specific but less sensitive than the Rose Bengal test, complement fixation, and indirect ELISA with Brucella S-LPSs and native hapten or S-LPS-derived polysaccharides. A competitive ELISA with Brucella S-LPS and M84 C/Y-specific monoclonal antibody was not 100% specific and was less sensitive than other tests. ELISA with Brucella suis bv. 2 S-LPS (deficient in C epitopes), Escherichia hermannii S-LPSs [lacking the contiguous α-(1-2)-linked perosamine residues characteristic of Y. enterocolitica S-LPS], BP26 recombinant protein, and Brucella cytosolic fractions did not provide adequate sensitivity/specificity ratios. Although no serological test and antigen combination fully resolved the diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in the presence of FPSR, some are simple and practical alternatives to the brucellin skin test currently recommended for differential diagnosis.
Jacques Godfroid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The sero-prevalence of Brucellosis in cattle and their herders in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan.
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2018Co-Authors: Nuol Aywel Madut, Jacques Godfroid, Adrian Muwonge, George William Nasinyama, John Bwalya Muma, Ambrose Samuel Jubara, James Muleme, Clovice KankyaAbstract:Brucellosis is a worldwide recognized bacterial zoonotic disease. There is currently no information on Bovine Brucellosis sero-prevalence in South Sudan regardless of the economic, social and public health impact on populations. Therefore, for the first time in 33 years, we report the sero-prevalence of Brucellosis in cattle and their herders. Furthermore, we characterize the drivers associated with the disease at the human-animal interface in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan.A total of 893 and 87 animal and human sera respectively were examined between December 2015 and May 2016. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (c-ELISA) were used in parallel to detect anti-Brucella antibodies. Questionnaires were administered to collect relevant metadata used for the association analysis in R version 3.2.3. Odds Ratio (OR) and Confidence Intervals (CI) were determined.Overall Bovine Brucellosis prevalence was 31% (95%CI = 28.0-34.2), with the highest 63% (95%CI = 53-70) and lowest 10% (95%CI = 4.5-20.1) prevalence estimates in Wau and Gogrial states respectively. The Bovine sero-prevalence was approximately equally distributed among the male 30.4% (26.9-34.2) and the females 32.5% (26.8-38.7). Poor body condition (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.07-0.54) and larger herd sizes (OR = 0.05; 95%CI = 0.008-0.173) were protective factors for Brucellosis, while the opposite was true for the second (OR = 1.70; 95%CI = 1.08-2.67) and third (OR = 2.5; 95%CI = 1.46-4.47) lactation stage. The overall Brucellosis sero-prevalence in herders was estimated at 33.3% (23.9-44.3).We report a high prevalence of anti-Brucella antibodies in cattle and their herders in Bahr el Ghazal, indicating an enzootic status in the cattle population being an important source of infection for humans. This represents a genuine public health challenge. Therefore, there is need to raise awareness and build capacity and infrastructure in this fragile state to underwrite future public health strategies for Brucellosis
-
Shows the summary statistics for Bovine Brucellosis, sero-prevalence estimates and a univariable analysis of social demographic factors in Bahr el Ghazal.
2018Co-Authors: Nuol Aywel Madut, Jacques Godfroid, Adrian Muwonge, George William Nasinyama, John Bwalya Muma, Ambrose Samuel Jubara, James Muleme, Clovice KankyaAbstract:Shows the summary statistics for Bovine Brucellosis, sero-prevalence estimates and a univariable analysis of social demographic factors in Bahr el Ghazal.
-
unexpected brucella suis biovar 2 infection in a dairy cow belgium
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2013Co-Authors: David Fretin, Marcella Mori, G Czaplicki, Christian Quinet, Benoit Maquet, Jacques Godfroid, Claude SaegermanAbstract:To the Editor: Belgium was declared free of Bovine Brucellosis by the European Union in 2003 (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:156:0074:0078:EN:PDF). To maintain this status, the Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain implemented a monitoring program, approved by the European Union, that consists of random serologic surveys and mandatory reporting of spontaneous abortion. This reporting enabled the detection of 2 outbreaks of Bovine Brucellosis in cattle caused by Brucella abortus biovar 3, in 2010 and 2012, but the origin of these outbreaks has not been identified.