The Experts below are selected from a list of 2025 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Donald L J Quicke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Martin Aluja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • rearing of five hymenopterous larval prepupal Braconidae figitidae and three pupal diapriidae chalcidoidea eurytomidae native parasitoids of the genus anastrepha diptera tephritidae on irradiated a ludens larvae and pupae
    Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jorge Cancino, Lia Ruiz, Fredy O Galvez, John Sivinski, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to ascertain if eight species of native larval-prepupal and pupal Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids which have been recently domesticated and colonized (Aluja et al. in press) could be reared on irradiated larvae and pupae, and if such was the case, determine the optimal irradiation dose so that only adult parasitoids (not flies) would emerge. The species considered were: Doryctobracon crawfordi, Utetes anastrephae, Opius hirtus (all larval-prepupal Braconids), Aganaspis pelleranoi, Odontosema anastrephae (both larval-prepupal figitids), Coptera haywardi, Eurytoma sivinskii and Dirhinus sp. (diapriid, eurytomid and chalcidoid pupal parasitoids). Eight-day-old A. ludens larvae or 3-day-old A. ludens pupae were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 Gy under free oxygen and then subjected to parasitoid attack. Emergence of the unparasitized host was completely halted at 20–25 Gy but such was not the case with the three Braconid parasito...

  • rearing of five hymenopterous larval prepupal Braconidae figitidae and three pupal diapriidae chalcidoidea eurytomidae native parasitoids of the genus anastrepha diptera tephritidae on irradiated a ludens larvae and pupae
    Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jorge Cancino, Lia Ruiz, Fredy O Galvez, John Sivinski, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to ascertain if eight species of native larval-prepupal and pupal Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids which have been recently domesticated and colonized (Aluja et al. in press) could be reared on irradiated larvae and pupae, and if such was the case, determine the optimal irradiation dose so that only adult parasitoids (not flies) would emerge. The species considered were: Doryctobracon crawfordi, Utetes anastrephae, Opius hirtus (all larval-prepupal Braconids), Aganaspis pelleranoi, Odontosema anastrephae (both larval-prepupal figitids), Coptera haywardi, Eurytoma sivinskii and Dirhinus sp. (diapriid, eurytomid and chalcidoid pupal parasitoids). Eight-day-old A. ludens larvae or 3-day-old A. ludens pupae were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 Gy under free oxygen and then subjected to parasitoid attack. Emergence of the unparasitized host was completely halted at 20–25 Gy but such was not the case with the three Braconid parasito...

  • the distributions of parasitoids hymenoptera of anastrepha fruit flies diptera tephritidae along an altitudinal gradient in veracruz mexico
    Biological Control, 2000
    Co-Authors: John Sivinski, Jose Carlos Piñero, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, fruits from 38 sites at various altitudes were collected monthly over a period of 2 years, and the tephritid fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha and associated parasitoids that emerged from these fruits were identified and counted. Of the 26 species of fruits that contained Anastrepha larvae, 18 species also contained a total of 10 species of Anastrepha parasitoids. These consisted of 4 native and 1 exotic species of opiine Braconid larval‐pupal parasitoids, 2 native species of eucoilid larval‐pupal parasitoids, 1 exotic species of eulophid larval‐pupal parasitoid, 1 exotic species of pteromalid pupal parasitoid, and 1 native species of diapriid pupal parasitoid. Overall parasitism (including flies from fruit species that bore no parasitoids) was 6% and was greatest, 16%, at 600 ‐ 800 m in altitude. The relative contributions of individual parasitoid species to overall parasitism were frequently influenced by both the altitude (and correlated changes in temperature and precipitation) and the species of plant in which the Anastrepha larvae were found. This was particularly the case among the more abundant and widespread Braconidae. To distinguish the role of altitude from that of the distributions of the host plants, these Braconids were examined in 4 individual species of fruit that grew over a broad range of altitudes. In guava (Psidium guajava L.) and “jobo” (Spondias mombin L.) the parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti) was relatively more common at low altitudes. Its congener, Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), was relatively more abundant at high altitudes in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.). Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) became relatively more common at higher altitudes in S. mombin, whereas Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) tended to become relatively rare at the highest altitudes in C. aurantium, but increased at high altitudes in P. guajava compared to other Braconids. Different altitudinal patterns of abundance in different fruits suggests the importance of both biotic and abiotic factors in parasitoid distributions. We discuss the effect of an expanding agricultural frontier on parasitoid abundance and relate our findings to the design of a fruit fly biological control program that tailors mass releases to parasitoid climate preferences.

  • the distributions of the caribbean fruit fly anastrepha suspensa tephritidae and its parasitoids hymenoptera Braconidae within the canopies of host trees
    Florida Entomologist, 1999
    Co-Authors: John Sivinski, Martin Aluja, Tim Holler
    Abstract:

    In the area of LaBelle, Florida (Hendry County), the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), is commonly attacked by three Braconid parasitoids, Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti), Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), and Utetes anastrephae (Viereck). Fruits from fifteen individual trees of four species, Surinam Cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.), Cattley guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine), guava (P. guajava L.), and loquat (Eriobotrya japonica [Thunb.]), were systematically sampled in order to determine the distribution of A. suspensa and its parasitoids within the tree's canopies. Fruits infested by A. suspensa were lighter than infested ones in P. guajava. This may be due to the presence of the larvae. There was no evidence that A. suspensa preferred to oviposit in fruits at particular heights above ground or distances from canopy edges. Fruits containing larvae parasitized by U. anastrephae were significantly lighter than those containing larvae parasitized by either D. areolatus or D. longicaudata, and it was not present in P. guajava, the species with the heaviest fruits. There were no differences, either overall or within host tree species, among the heights above ground or distances from canopy edges of fruits containing larvae parasitized by any of the three Braconids. Niche similarity in D. areolatus and D. longicaudata may be due to the absence of a shared evolutionary history. Both are recent introductions to Florida, but while D. areolatus is a neotropical species, D. longicaudata is from the Indo-Philippine region. Thus, there has been little opportunity for divergence. Knowledge of the distributions within tree canopies of the pest-fly, and of its natural enemies, may lead to improvements in its biological control.

Buntika A Butcher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

M. Nasser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

John Sivinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • rearing of five hymenopterous larval prepupal Braconidae figitidae and three pupal diapriidae chalcidoidea eurytomidae native parasitoids of the genus anastrepha diptera tephritidae on irradiated a ludens larvae and pupae
    Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jorge Cancino, Lia Ruiz, Fredy O Galvez, John Sivinski, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to ascertain if eight species of native larval-prepupal and pupal Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids which have been recently domesticated and colonized (Aluja et al. in press) could be reared on irradiated larvae and pupae, and if such was the case, determine the optimal irradiation dose so that only adult parasitoids (not flies) would emerge. The species considered were: Doryctobracon crawfordi, Utetes anastrephae, Opius hirtus (all larval-prepupal Braconids), Aganaspis pelleranoi, Odontosema anastrephae (both larval-prepupal figitids), Coptera haywardi, Eurytoma sivinskii and Dirhinus sp. (diapriid, eurytomid and chalcidoid pupal parasitoids). Eight-day-old A. ludens larvae or 3-day-old A. ludens pupae were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 Gy under free oxygen and then subjected to parasitoid attack. Emergence of the unparasitized host was completely halted at 20–25 Gy but such was not the case with the three Braconid parasito...

  • rearing of five hymenopterous larval prepupal Braconidae figitidae and three pupal diapriidae chalcidoidea eurytomidae native parasitoids of the genus anastrepha diptera tephritidae on irradiated a ludens larvae and pupae
    Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Jorge Cancino, Lia Ruiz, Fredy O Galvez, John Sivinski, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to ascertain if eight species of native larval-prepupal and pupal Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids which have been recently domesticated and colonized (Aluja et al. in press) could be reared on irradiated larvae and pupae, and if such was the case, determine the optimal irradiation dose so that only adult parasitoids (not flies) would emerge. The species considered were: Doryctobracon crawfordi, Utetes anastrephae, Opius hirtus (all larval-prepupal Braconids), Aganaspis pelleranoi, Odontosema anastrephae (both larval-prepupal figitids), Coptera haywardi, Eurytoma sivinskii and Dirhinus sp. (diapriid, eurytomid and chalcidoid pupal parasitoids). Eight-day-old A. ludens larvae or 3-day-old A. ludens pupae were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60 and 70 Gy under free oxygen and then subjected to parasitoid attack. Emergence of the unparasitized host was completely halted at 20–25 Gy but such was not the case with the three Braconid parasito...

  • the distributions of parasitoids hymenoptera of anastrepha fruit flies diptera tephritidae along an altitudinal gradient in veracruz mexico
    Biological Control, 2000
    Co-Authors: John Sivinski, Jose Carlos Piñero, Martin Aluja
    Abstract:

    In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, fruits from 38 sites at various altitudes were collected monthly over a period of 2 years, and the tephritid fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha and associated parasitoids that emerged from these fruits were identified and counted. Of the 26 species of fruits that contained Anastrepha larvae, 18 species also contained a total of 10 species of Anastrepha parasitoids. These consisted of 4 native and 1 exotic species of opiine Braconid larval‐pupal parasitoids, 2 native species of eucoilid larval‐pupal parasitoids, 1 exotic species of eulophid larval‐pupal parasitoid, 1 exotic species of pteromalid pupal parasitoid, and 1 native species of diapriid pupal parasitoid. Overall parasitism (including flies from fruit species that bore no parasitoids) was 6% and was greatest, 16%, at 600 ‐ 800 m in altitude. The relative contributions of individual parasitoid species to overall parasitism were frequently influenced by both the altitude (and correlated changes in temperature and precipitation) and the species of plant in which the Anastrepha larvae were found. This was particularly the case among the more abundant and widespread Braconidae. To distinguish the role of altitude from that of the distributions of the host plants, these Braconids were examined in 4 individual species of fruit that grew over a broad range of altitudes. In guava (Psidium guajava L.) and “jobo” (Spondias mombin L.) the parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti) was relatively more common at low altitudes. Its congener, Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), was relatively more abundant at high altitudes in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.). Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) became relatively more common at higher altitudes in S. mombin, whereas Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) tended to become relatively rare at the highest altitudes in C. aurantium, but increased at high altitudes in P. guajava compared to other Braconids. Different altitudinal patterns of abundance in different fruits suggests the importance of both biotic and abiotic factors in parasitoid distributions. We discuss the effect of an expanding agricultural frontier on parasitoid abundance and relate our findings to the design of a fruit fly biological control program that tailors mass releases to parasitoid climate preferences.

  • the distributions of the caribbean fruit fly anastrepha suspensa tephritidae and its parasitoids hymenoptera Braconidae within the canopies of host trees
    Florida Entomologist, 1999
    Co-Authors: John Sivinski, Martin Aluja, Tim Holler
    Abstract:

    In the area of LaBelle, Florida (Hendry County), the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), is commonly attacked by three Braconid parasitoids, Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti), Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), and Utetes anastrephae (Viereck). Fruits from fifteen individual trees of four species, Surinam Cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.), Cattley guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine), guava (P. guajava L.), and loquat (Eriobotrya japonica [Thunb.]), were systematically sampled in order to determine the distribution of A. suspensa and its parasitoids within the tree's canopies. Fruits infested by A. suspensa were lighter than infested ones in P. guajava. This may be due to the presence of the larvae. There was no evidence that A. suspensa preferred to oviposit in fruits at particular heights above ground or distances from canopy edges. Fruits containing larvae parasitized by U. anastrephae were significantly lighter than those containing larvae parasitized by either D. areolatus or D. longicaudata, and it was not present in P. guajava, the species with the heaviest fruits. There were no differences, either overall or within host tree species, among the heights above ground or distances from canopy edges of fruits containing larvae parasitized by any of the three Braconids. Niche similarity in D. areolatus and D. longicaudata may be due to the absence of a shared evolutionary history. Both are recent introductions to Florida, but while D. areolatus is a neotropical species, D. longicaudata is from the Indo-Philippine region. Thus, there has been little opportunity for divergence. Knowledge of the distributions within tree canopies of the pest-fly, and of its natural enemies, may lead to improvements in its biological control.