The Experts below are selected from a list of 210 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
L. A. Oldham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic Bronchitis in textile workers.
Thorax, 1997Co-Authors: Robert Niven, A. M. Fletcher, C. A. C. Pickering, David Fishwick, C. J. Warburton, J. C. G. Simpson, H. C. Francis, L. A. OldhamAbstract:BACKGROUND: Exposure to cotton is known to produce a specific occupational disease known as byssinosis. A large population of textile workers was investigated to determine whether such exposure was also associated with chronic Bronchitis once other possible aetiological factors had been accounted for. METHODS: A total of 2991 workers were investigated for the presence of symptoms compatible with chronic Bronchitis. An MRC adapted respiratory questionnaire and MRC definition of chronic Bronchitis were used for diagnostic labelling. Current and lifetime exposure to dust was estimated by personal and work area sampling, and the use of records of retrospective dust levels previously measured over the preceding 10 years. Airborne endotoxin exposure was measured using a quantitative turbidometric assay. Lung function tests were performed to measure forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). A control group of workers exposed to man-made fibre textiles was identified. The comparative prevalence of chronic Bronchitis in the two populations was assessed, allowing for sex, age, smoking habit, and ethnic origin. Two case referent studies were also performed; cases of chronic Bronchitis were separately matched with controls from the cotton and control populations to determine the effect of the symptomatic state on lung function. RESULTS: After controlling for smoking (pack years), workers in a cotton environment were significantly more likely to suffer from chronic Bronchitis and this was most marked in workers over 45 years of age (odds ratio 2.51 (CI 1.3 to 4.9); p < 0.01). Regression analysis of all possible influencing parameters showed that cumulative exposure to cotton dust was significantly associated with chronic Bronchitis after the effects of age, sex, smoking, and ethnic group were accounted for (p < 0.0005). In the intra-cotton population case control study a diagnosis of chronic Bronchitis was associated with a small decrement in lung function compared with controls: percentage predicted FEV1 in cases 81.4% (95% CI 78.3 to 84.6), controls 86.7% (84.9 to 88.5); FVC in cases 89.9% (95% CI 87.0 to 92.9), controls 94.6% (92.8 to 96.4). After controlling for cumulative past exposure and pack years of smoking the effect of the diagnostic state remained significant for both FEV1 (p < 0.01) and FVC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic Bronchitis is more prevalent in cotton workers than in those working with man-made fibre and exposure is additive to the effect of smoking. The diagnosis of chronic Bronchitis is associated with a small but significant decrement in lung function.
G Bonsignore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sputum metalloproteinase 9 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 ratio correlates with airflow obstruction in asthma and chronic Bronchitis
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1998Co-Authors: Antonio M Vignola, Pascal Chanez, Vincenzo Bellia, Loredana Riccobono, Angela Mirabella, Mirella Profita, Gisele Mautino, Provvidenza Daccardi, Jean Bousquet, G BonsignoreAbstract:Asthma and chronic Bronchitis are inflammatory diseases with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and collagen deposition. Collagen homeostasis is controlled by metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We evaluated MMP and TIMP balance in induced sputum of 10 control, 31 untreated asthmatic, and 16 chronic bronchitic subjects. We first performed zymographic analysis to identify the profile of MMPs. Zymography revealed a similar MMPs profile in all populations studied and that MMP-9 was the major enzyme released. We then measured, using enzyme immunoassay, the concentrations of MMP-9 and of its inhibitor TIMP-1 and evaluated whether airflow limitation may be associated with an imbalance between these enzymes. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 concentrations were greater in sputum of patients with asthma and chronic Bronchitis than in control subjects. The molar ratio between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was lower in asthmatics and chronic bronchitics than in control subjects, and positively corre...
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transforming growth factor β expression in mucosal biopsies in asthma and chronic Bronchitis
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1997Co-Authors: A M Vignola, Pascal Chanez, Giuseppina Chiappara, Anna Maria Merendino, Elisabetta Pace, A Rizzo, A M La Rocca, Vincenzo Bellia, G Bonsignore, J BousquetAbstract:We assessed whether transforming growth factor- β (TGF- β ), a fibrogenic growth factor, may be involved in remodeling of asthma and chronic Bronchitis; its expression was compared with that of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in bronchial mucosal biopsies from 13 normal subjects, 24 asthmatics, and 19 patients with chronic Bronchitis. TGF- β immunoreactivity was highly increased in epithelium and submucosa of those with Bronchitis and to a lesser extent in asthmatics. By comparison, with normal subjects, EGF immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the epithelium of bronchitic subjects and submucosa of asthmatics, and, GM-CSF immunoreactivity was increased in both epithelial and submucosal cells of asthmatics and to a lesser extent in submucosa of bronchitics. A significant correlation was found between the number of epithelial or submucosal cells expressing TGF- β in both asthma and chronic Bronchitis and basement membrane thickness and f...
Julio Pertuze - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the chronic Bronchitis phenotype in subjects with and without copd the platino study
European Respiratory Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Maria Montes De Oca, Ronald J Halbert, Maria Victorina Lopez, Rogelio Perezpadilla, Carlos Talamo, Dolores Moreno, Adrianna Muino, Jose Roberto Jardim, Gonzalo Valdivia, Julio PertuzeAbstract:Little information exists regarding the epidemiology of the chronic Bronchitis phenotype in unselected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) populations. We examined the prevalence of the chronic Bronchitis phenotype in COPD and non-COPD subjects from the PLATINO study, and investigated how it is associated with important outcomes. Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity Spirometry was performed in 5,314 subjects (759 with and 4,554 without COPD). The proportion of subjects with and without COPD with chronic Bronchitis defined as phlegm on most days, at least 3 months per year for ≥2 yrs was 14.4 and 6.2%, respectively. Using the other definition the prevalence was lower: 7.4% with and 2.5% without COPD. Among subjects with COPD, those with chronic Bronchitis had worse lung function and general health status, and had more respiratory symptoms, physical activity limitation and exacerbations. Our study helps to understand the prevalence of the chronic Bronchitis phenotype in an unselected COPD population at a particular time-point and suggests that chronic Bronchitis in COPD is possibly associated with worse outcomes.
Mark W Russell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fontan associated protein losing enteropathy and plastic Bronchitis
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2015Co-Authors: Kurt R Schumacher, Kathleen A Stringer, Janet E Donohue, Ashley Shaver, Regine L Caruthers, Brian J Zikmundfisher, Carlen G Fifer, Caren S Goldberg, Mark W RussellAbstract:Objective To characterize the medical history, disease progression, and treatment of current-era patients with the rare diseases Fontan-associated protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) and plastic Bronchitis. Study design A novel survey that queried demographics, medical details, and treatment information was piloted and placed online via a Facebook portal, allowing social media to power the study. Participation regardless of PLE or plastic Bronchitis diagnosis was allowed. Case control analyses compared patients with PLE and plastic Bronchitis with uncomplicated control patients receiving the Fontan procedure. Results The survey was completed by 671 subjects, including 76 with PLE, 46 with plastic Bronchitis, and 7 with both. Median PLE diagnosis was 2.5 years post-Fontan. Hospitalization for PLE occurred in 71% with 41% hospitalized ≥3 times. Therapy varied significantly. Patients with PLE more commonly had hypoplastic left ventricle (62% vs 44% control; OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.43-5.53), chylothorax (66% vs 41%; OR 2.96, CI 1.65-5.31), and cardiothoracic surgery in addition to staged palliation (17% vs 5%; OR 4.27, CI 1.63-11.20). Median plastic Bronchitis diagnosis was 2 years post-Fontan. Hospitalization for plastic Bronchitis occurred in 91% with 61% hospitalized ≥3 times. Therapy was very diverse. Patients with plastic Bronchitis more commonly had chylothorax at any surgery (72% vs 51%; OR 2.47, CI 1.20-5.08) and seasonal allergies (52% vs 36%; OR 1.98, CI 1.01-3.89). Conclusions Patient-specific factors are associated with diagnoses of PLE or plastic Bronchitis. Treatment strategies are diverse without clear patterns. These results provide a foundation upon which to design future therapeutic studies and identify a clear need for forming consensus approaches to treatment.
Mario Rigatto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic Bronchitis and the Type of Cigarette Smoked
International journal of epidemiology, 1995Co-Authors: Ana M. B. Menezes, Cesar G. Victora, Mario RigattoAbstract:Background Smoking is a well known primary risk factor for chronic Bronchitis. However, little is known about the relationship between different types of cigarettes smoked and chronic Bronchitis. Objective To determine the association between chronic Bronchitis and the type of cigarette smoked. Methods A cross-sectional prevalence study was conducted in an urban area (Pelotas) of Southern Brazil. A total of 1053 subjects aged > or = 40 years were interviewed about respiratory symptoms and some risk factors for chronic Bronchitis. Results After adjustment for confounding factors, the number of daily cigarettes smoked was strongly associated with the risk of chronic Bronchitis (odds ratio [OR] = 8.10, 95% CI: 4.46-14.71 for smokers of > or = 20 cigarettes per day compared to non-smokers). Among smokers, maize leaf cigarettes showed the highest risk (OR = 5.43 compared to non-smokers, 95% CI: 2.65-11.13) and filter cigarettes the lowest (OR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.19-4.03). Conclusions In addition to the number of cigarettes smoked, the use of maize leaf cigarettes was shown to have an important independent association with chronic Bronchitis.
