The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ji Young Ryu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among korean homemakers the first korea national environmental health survey 2009 2011
Annals of occupational and environmental medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Hyungkyu Park, Dae Hwan Kim, Byung-chul Son, Chae-kwan Lee, Kunhyung Kim, Ji Young RyuAbstract:Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) are emitted in the combustion or volatilization of hazardous wastes and fossil fuels. Paint, varnishing agents, and cigarette smoke are also sources of BTEX in living environments. Few studies have examined indoor exposure to BTEX using biomarkers, especially in residential settings. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between residence factors and BTEX exposure using biomarkers among Korean homemakers. We obtained data on 893 non-smoking homemakers older than 19 years from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011). The concentrations of urinary BTEX metabolites (t,t-muconic acid, hippuric acid, mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, and total methylhippuric acid) were adjusted using the urinary creatinine. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between residence parameters and urinary BTEX metabolites. The geometric mean concentrations of t,t-muconic acid and methylhippuric acid were significantly higher in the group that had remodeled within the previous 6 months (p < 0.05) compared with the no-remodeling group. In logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio for exceeding the median urinary concentration of t,t-muconic acid was significantly higher in the group that had remodeled compared with the no-remodeling group (OR = 1.591, 95% CI = 1.063–2.382). Urinary methylhippuric acid was significantly associated with residing in a home located within 100 m of a major road (OR = 1.399, 95% CI = 1.071–1.826). Our study found some significant associations between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence parameters. To find clear associations, additional and more detailed studies are needed. Not applicable (this study does not include healthcare intervention on human participants).
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The relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among Korean homemakers: the first Korea National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011)
BMC, 2017Co-Authors: Hyungkyu Park, Dae Hwan Kim, Byung-chul Son, Chae-kwan Lee, Kunhyung Kim, Ji Young RyuAbstract:Abstract Background Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) are emitted in the combustion or volatilization of hazardous wastes and fossil fuels. Paint, varnishing agents, and cigarette smoke are also sources of BTEX in living environments. Few studies have examined indoor exposure to BTEX using biomarkers, especially in residential settings. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between residence factors and BTEX exposure using biomarkers among Korean homemakers. Method We obtained data on 893 non-smoking homemakers older than 19 years from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011). The concentrations of urinary BTEX metabolites (t,t-muconic acid, hippuric acid, mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, and total methylhippuric acid) were adjusted using the urinary creatinine. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between residence parameters and urinary BTEX metabolites. Results The geometric mean concentrations of t,t-muconic acid and methylhippuric acid were significantly higher in the group that had remodeled within the previous 6 months (p
Heresh Amini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the concentration of BTEX compounds and health risk assessment in municipal solid waste facilities and urban areas
Environmental Research, 2020Co-Authors: Fatemeh Yousefian, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand, Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi, Heresh Amini, Noushin Rastkari, Mina Aghaei, Masud Yunesian, Kamyar YaghmaeianAbstract:Abstract In this study, human exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), along with their respective risk assessment is studied in four major units (n=14-point sources) of the largest municipal solid waste management facilities (MSWF) in Iran. The results were compared with four urban sites in Tehran, capital of Iran. Workers at the pre-processing unit are exposed to the highest total BTEX (151 μg m-3). In specific, they were exposed to benzene concentrations of 11 μg m-3. Moreover, the total BTEX (t-BTEX) concentrations measured over the conveyor belt was 198 μg m-3 at most, followed by trommel (104), and active landfills (43). The mean concentration of ambient t-BTEX in Tehran is 100 μg m-3. On average, xylenes and toluene have the highest concentrations in both on-site and urban environments, with mean values of 24 and 21, and 41 and 37 μg m-3, respectively. Even though the non-carcinogenic risk of occupational exposure is negligible, BTEX is likely to increase the chance of carcinogenic risks (1.7E-05) for workers at the pre-processing unit. A definite carcinogenic risk of 1.3E-04, and non-carcinogenic effect, of HI=1.6 were observed in one urban site. With the exception of the pre-processing unit, the citizens of Tehran had higher exposure to BTEX. Overall, BTEX concentrations in the largest MSWF of Iran remains an issue of public health concern.
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spatiotemporal description of BTEX volatile organic compounds in a middle eastern megacity tehran study of exposure prediction for environmental health research tehran sepehr
Environmental Pollution, 2017Co-Authors: Heresh Amini, Masud Yunesian, Vahid Hosseini, Christian Schindler, Hossein Hassankhany, Sarah B Henderson, Nino KunzliAbstract:Abstract The spatiotemporal variability of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Tehran, Iran, is not well understood. Here we present the design, methods, and results of the Tehran Study of Exposure Prediction for Environmental Health Research (Tehran SEPEHR) on ambient concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p -xylene, m -xylene, o -xylene (BTEX), and total BTEX. To date, this is the largest study of its kind in a low- and middle-income country and one of the largest globally. We measured BTEX concentrations at five reference sites and 174 distributed sites identified by a cluster analytic method. Samples were taken over 25 consecutive 2-weeks at five reference sites (to be used for temporal adjustments) and over three 2-week campaigns in summer, winter, and spring at 174 distributed sites. The annual median (25 th –75 th percentile) for benzene, the most carcinogenic of the BTEX species, was 7.8 (6.3–9.9) μg/m 3 , and was higher than the national and European Union air quality standard of 5 μg/m 3 at approximately 90% of the measured sites. The estimated annual mean concentrations of BTEX were spatially highly correlated for all pollutants (Spearman rank coefficient 0.81–0.98). In general, concentrations and spatial variability were highest during the summer months, most likely due to fuel evaporation in hot weather. The annual median of benzene and total BTEX across the 35 sites in the Tehran regulatory monitoring network (7.7 and 56.8 μg/m 3 , respectively) did a reasonable job of approximating the additional 144 city-wide sites (7.9 and 58.7 μg/m 3 , respectively). The annual median concentrations of benzene and total BTEX within 300 m of gas stations were 9.1 and 67.3 μg/m 3 , respectively, and were higher than sites outside this buffer. We further found that airport did not affect annual BTEX concentrations of sites within 1 km. Overall, the observed ambient concentrations of toxic VOCs are a public health concern in Tehran.
Hyungkyu Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among korean homemakers the first korea national environmental health survey 2009 2011
Annals of occupational and environmental medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Hyungkyu Park, Dae Hwan Kim, Byung-chul Son, Chae-kwan Lee, Kunhyung Kim, Ji Young RyuAbstract:Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) are emitted in the combustion or volatilization of hazardous wastes and fossil fuels. Paint, varnishing agents, and cigarette smoke are also sources of BTEX in living environments. Few studies have examined indoor exposure to BTEX using biomarkers, especially in residential settings. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between residence factors and BTEX exposure using biomarkers among Korean homemakers. We obtained data on 893 non-smoking homemakers older than 19 years from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011). The concentrations of urinary BTEX metabolites (t,t-muconic acid, hippuric acid, mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, and total methylhippuric acid) were adjusted using the urinary creatinine. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between residence parameters and urinary BTEX metabolites. The geometric mean concentrations of t,t-muconic acid and methylhippuric acid were significantly higher in the group that had remodeled within the previous 6 months (p < 0.05) compared with the no-remodeling group. In logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio for exceeding the median urinary concentration of t,t-muconic acid was significantly higher in the group that had remodeled compared with the no-remodeling group (OR = 1.591, 95% CI = 1.063–2.382). Urinary methylhippuric acid was significantly associated with residing in a home located within 100 m of a major road (OR = 1.399, 95% CI = 1.071–1.826). Our study found some significant associations between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence parameters. To find clear associations, additional and more detailed studies are needed. Not applicable (this study does not include healthcare intervention on human participants).
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The relationship between urinary BTEX metabolites and residence setting among Korean homemakers: the first Korea National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011)
BMC, 2017Co-Authors: Hyungkyu Park, Dae Hwan Kim, Byung-chul Son, Chae-kwan Lee, Kunhyung Kim, Ji Young RyuAbstract:Abstract Background Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) are emitted in the combustion or volatilization of hazardous wastes and fossil fuels. Paint, varnishing agents, and cigarette smoke are also sources of BTEX in living environments. Few studies have examined indoor exposure to BTEX using biomarkers, especially in residential settings. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between residence factors and BTEX exposure using biomarkers among Korean homemakers. Method We obtained data on 893 non-smoking homemakers older than 19 years from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2009–2011). The concentrations of urinary BTEX metabolites (t,t-muconic acid, hippuric acid, mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, and total methylhippuric acid) were adjusted using the urinary creatinine. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between residence parameters and urinary BTEX metabolites. Results The geometric mean concentrations of t,t-muconic acid and methylhippuric acid were significantly higher in the group that had remodeled within the previous 6 months (p
Mohammad Hoseini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lifestyle and occupational factors affecting exposure to BTEX in municipal solid waste composting facility workers
Science of The Total Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Ata Rafiee, Juana Maria Delgadosaborit, Peter D Sly, Hoda Amiri, Mohammad HoseiniAbstract:Abstract Composting facilities workers are potentially exposed to different volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study aims to investigate the potential exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) compounds among workers of composting facilities by measuring un-metabolized BTEX in urine and to investigate the effect that several lifestyle factors (i.e. smoking and residential traffic), using personal protective equipment, and religious practices such as Ramadan fasting can have on the urinary BTEX concentrations. We assessed concentrations of BTEX in the urine of a composting facility workers. Samples were collected in May 2018. Overall, 25 workers chosen as the exposed group and 20 inhabitants living close to the composting facility as a control group. The urine samples were collected from studied subjects. Identification and quantification of un-metabolized BTEX was performed using a headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Detailed information of participants was gathered by a comprehensive questionnaire. The geometric mean levels of urinary benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m‑p xylene, and o‑xylene in the exposed subjects were 1.27, 2.12, 0.54, 1.22 and 1.51 μg/L, respectively; 1.4 to 3.7-time higher than values in control group (p
Masud Yunesian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the concentration of BTEX compounds and health risk assessment in municipal solid waste facilities and urban areas
Environmental Research, 2020Co-Authors: Fatemeh Yousefian, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand, Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi, Heresh Amini, Noushin Rastkari, Mina Aghaei, Masud Yunesian, Kamyar YaghmaeianAbstract:Abstract In this study, human exposure to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), along with their respective risk assessment is studied in four major units (n=14-point sources) of the largest municipal solid waste management facilities (MSWF) in Iran. The results were compared with four urban sites in Tehran, capital of Iran. Workers at the pre-processing unit are exposed to the highest total BTEX (151 μg m-3). In specific, they were exposed to benzene concentrations of 11 μg m-3. Moreover, the total BTEX (t-BTEX) concentrations measured over the conveyor belt was 198 μg m-3 at most, followed by trommel (104), and active landfills (43). The mean concentration of ambient t-BTEX in Tehran is 100 μg m-3. On average, xylenes and toluene have the highest concentrations in both on-site and urban environments, with mean values of 24 and 21, and 41 and 37 μg m-3, respectively. Even though the non-carcinogenic risk of occupational exposure is negligible, BTEX is likely to increase the chance of carcinogenic risks (1.7E-05) for workers at the pre-processing unit. A definite carcinogenic risk of 1.3E-04, and non-carcinogenic effect, of HI=1.6 were observed in one urban site. With the exception of the pre-processing unit, the citizens of Tehran had higher exposure to BTEX. Overall, BTEX concentrations in the largest MSWF of Iran remains an issue of public health concern.
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spatiotemporal description of BTEX volatile organic compounds in a middle eastern megacity tehran study of exposure prediction for environmental health research tehran sepehr
Environmental Pollution, 2017Co-Authors: Heresh Amini, Masud Yunesian, Vahid Hosseini, Christian Schindler, Hossein Hassankhany, Sarah B Henderson, Nino KunzliAbstract:Abstract The spatiotemporal variability of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Tehran, Iran, is not well understood. Here we present the design, methods, and results of the Tehran Study of Exposure Prediction for Environmental Health Research (Tehran SEPEHR) on ambient concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p -xylene, m -xylene, o -xylene (BTEX), and total BTEX. To date, this is the largest study of its kind in a low- and middle-income country and one of the largest globally. We measured BTEX concentrations at five reference sites and 174 distributed sites identified by a cluster analytic method. Samples were taken over 25 consecutive 2-weeks at five reference sites (to be used for temporal adjustments) and over three 2-week campaigns in summer, winter, and spring at 174 distributed sites. The annual median (25 th –75 th percentile) for benzene, the most carcinogenic of the BTEX species, was 7.8 (6.3–9.9) μg/m 3 , and was higher than the national and European Union air quality standard of 5 μg/m 3 at approximately 90% of the measured sites. The estimated annual mean concentrations of BTEX were spatially highly correlated for all pollutants (Spearman rank coefficient 0.81–0.98). In general, concentrations and spatial variability were highest during the summer months, most likely due to fuel evaporation in hot weather. The annual median of benzene and total BTEX across the 35 sites in the Tehran regulatory monitoring network (7.7 and 56.8 μg/m 3 , respectively) did a reasonable job of approximating the additional 144 city-wide sites (7.9 and 58.7 μg/m 3 , respectively). The annual median concentrations of benzene and total BTEX within 300 m of gas stations were 9.1 and 67.3 μg/m 3 , respectively, and were higher than sites outside this buffer. We further found that airport did not affect annual BTEX concentrations of sites within 1 km. Overall, the observed ambient concentrations of toxic VOCs are a public health concern in Tehran.
