The Experts below are selected from a list of 13671 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Brian J Meacham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of objective criteria scenario triplets and design Fires for performance based Fire Safety design
Journal of building engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Ian Jutras, Brian J MeachamAbstract:Abstract Detailed guidance for conducting performance-based Fire engineering analyses for the built environment is lacking, in particular for how to identify and specify performance-criteria, Fire scenarios and design Fires. To help fill this gap, a method is proposed for establishing sets of ‘objective-criteria-scenario’ triplets and design-basis Fires for different Building-occupant systems, which can be used in regulation or directly by engineers. Application of the method forces the user to identify Fire Safety objectives for specific targets within a Building, measurable performance criteria related to the targets and the objectives, detailed Fire scenarios, and representative design Fire curves, which are used to assess the Building Fire Safety systems performance in meeting Fire Safety objectives. The method is briefly overviewed and particular emphasis is given to how historical data and experimental Fire test data can be used to develop scenarios and associated design Fire curves.
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Post-Earthquake Fire Performance of Buildings: Summary of a Large-Scale Experiment and Conceptual Framework for Integrated Performance-Based Seismic and Fire Design
Fire Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Brian J MeachamAbstract:A full-scale, five-story reinforced concrete Building test specimen was erected on the large outdoor high performance shake table at the University of California, San Diego, and outfitted with various nonstructural components and systems. The specimen was subjected to a series of thirteen earthquake motions: seven with base-isolation and six with fixed-base (FB), with peak accelerations up to 0.8 g and peak inter-story drift ratios of up to about 6% reached during the largest FB motion. Damage to the structure following the largest motion included densely concentrated cracking in the slabs around columns resulting in punching shear failure, concrete spalling at the base of columns and the ends of beams where the large rotations occurred, as well as fractured and yielded longitudinal rebar in the Floor 2 and Floor 3 frame beams. Nonstructural component and system damage included loss of stair connections at Floors 3 and 4 due to weld fractures, loss of elevator function due to damaged doors on Floors 2 and 3, widespread damage to gypsum wallboard and joints, with about a 900% increase in effective leakage area measured in one compartment, varying degrees of damage to ceiling system based on type, including loss of 20% of ceiling tiles on the Floor 1, extensive damage to the balloon-framed façade system which enclosed Floors 1, 2 and 3, and displacement of unanchored contents. Following the motion tests, designated areas on Floor 3 were subjected to Fires ranging in size from 500 kW to 2000 kW. Many Fire protection systems, such as the sprinkler system and most Firestop systems performed well. However, loss of compartmentation due to ground motions provided means for smoke spread, and loss of the stairs and the elevator rendered the means of egress unusable. Post experiment analysis illustrates how such damage could impact occupant life Safety and emergency response during Fires in earthquake-damaged Buildings, and how the understanding of expected earthquake damage could be integrated into a risk-informed performance-based approach to Building Fire Safety design in earthquake prone areas.
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integration of Fire Safety and Building design
Building Research and Information, 2014Co-Authors: Haejun Park, Brian J Meacham, Nicholas A Dembsey, Mark GoulthorpeAbstract:A new framework is presented to facilitate better incorporation of Building Fire Safety performance options into the Building design process. Based on the Building design process and key design decisions undertaken at each phase, a knowledge set is developed to aid Building designers to understand better the effects of design decisions on Building Fire performance. This also minimizes potential competing objectives in later design phases by sharing necessary concerns in advance. Drawing on the knowledge set, a conceptual Building Fire Safety evaluation tool illustrates how primary Building designers and Fire Safety engineers can quantitatively assess Fire Safety performance for different solutions. It is shown how Building Fire Safety performance attributes can be arranged by Building design phase, how various scenarios can be explored, and how appropriately balanced Building design and Fire Safety design solutions can be identified at different phases of the Building design process.
Ian Jutras - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of objective criteria scenario triplets and design Fires for performance based Fire Safety design
Journal of building engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Ian Jutras, Brian J MeachamAbstract:Abstract Detailed guidance for conducting performance-based Fire engineering analyses for the built environment is lacking, in particular for how to identify and specify performance-criteria, Fire scenarios and design Fires. To help fill this gap, a method is proposed for establishing sets of ‘objective-criteria-scenario’ triplets and design-basis Fires for different Building-occupant systems, which can be used in regulation or directly by engineers. Application of the method forces the user to identify Fire Safety objectives for specific targets within a Building, measurable performance criteria related to the targets and the objectives, detailed Fire scenarios, and representative design Fire curves, which are used to assess the Building Fire Safety systems performance in meeting Fire Safety objectives. The method is briefly overviewed and particular emphasis is given to how historical data and experimental Fire test data can be used to develop scenarios and associated design Fire curves.
Xuejuan Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative study on carbon monoxide stratification and thermal stratification in a horizontal channel Fire
Building and Environment, 2012Co-Authors: Dingyi Yang, R Huo, Xiaole Zhang, Shi Zhu, Xuejuan ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) stratification and its relationship with thermal stratification are quite important for dealing with issues related to Building Fire Safety. This experimental study compares the CO stratification and thermal stratification in channel Fires. The results show that the relationship between CO stratification and thermal stratification depends on heat loss intensity from smoke flow to walls. In the conditions with considerable amount of heat loss, the vertical gradients of CO volume concentration are smaller than those of temperature rise beneath the ceiling. However, in the conditions with negligible heat loss, the vertical profile of dimensionless CO volume concentration becomes similar with dimensionless temperature rise. The longitudinal ventilation, as a prevailing smoke control or ventilation method, has a strong effect on the relationship between CO stratification and thermal stratification. A larger longitudinal air flow velocity leads to smaller heat loss intensity from smoke flow to walls and thus a higher similarity between CO stratification and thermal stratification.
Dingyi Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative study on carbon monoxide stratification and thermal stratification in a horizontal channel Fire
Building and Environment, 2012Co-Authors: Dingyi Yang, R Huo, Xiaole Zhang, Shi Zhu, Xuejuan ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) stratification and its relationship with thermal stratification are quite important for dealing with issues related to Building Fire Safety. This experimental study compares the CO stratification and thermal stratification in channel Fires. The results show that the relationship between CO stratification and thermal stratification depends on heat loss intensity from smoke flow to walls. In the conditions with considerable amount of heat loss, the vertical gradients of CO volume concentration are smaller than those of temperature rise beneath the ceiling. However, in the conditions with negligible heat loss, the vertical profile of dimensionless CO volume concentration becomes similar with dimensionless temperature rise. The longitudinal ventilation, as a prevailing smoke control or ventilation method, has a strong effect on the relationship between CO stratification and thermal stratification. A larger longitudinal air flow velocity leads to smaller heat loss intensity from smoke flow to walls and thus a higher similarity between CO stratification and thermal stratification.
Shi Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative study on carbon monoxide stratification and thermal stratification in a horizontal channel Fire
Building and Environment, 2012Co-Authors: Dingyi Yang, R Huo, Xiaole Zhang, Shi Zhu, Xuejuan ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) stratification and its relationship with thermal stratification are quite important for dealing with issues related to Building Fire Safety. This experimental study compares the CO stratification and thermal stratification in channel Fires. The results show that the relationship between CO stratification and thermal stratification depends on heat loss intensity from smoke flow to walls. In the conditions with considerable amount of heat loss, the vertical gradients of CO volume concentration are smaller than those of temperature rise beneath the ceiling. However, in the conditions with negligible heat loss, the vertical profile of dimensionless CO volume concentration becomes similar with dimensionless temperature rise. The longitudinal ventilation, as a prevailing smoke control or ventilation method, has a strong effect on the relationship between CO stratification and thermal stratification. A larger longitudinal air flow velocity leads to smaller heat loss intensity from smoke flow to walls and thus a higher similarity between CO stratification and thermal stratification.
