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Peter Vandamme - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro susceptibility of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex isolated from cystic fibrosis patients to ceftazidime avibactam and ceftolozane tazobactam
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2018Co-Authors: A Van Dalem, Peter Vandamme, M Herpol, Fedoua Echahidi, Charlotte Peeters, Ingrid Wybo, E De Wachter, Denis PierardAbstract:We tested the in vitro susceptibility of ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam and 13 other antibiotics against 91 Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC) strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients since 2012. The highest susceptibility (82%) was found for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Eighty-one and 63% of all BCC strains were susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam, respectively. For temocillin, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem, at least 50% of the strains were susceptible. B. stabilis seems to be more resistant than other BCC species.
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classification and identification of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex past present and future
Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 2011Co-Authors: Peter Vandamme, Peter DawyndtAbstract:The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex is a group of closely related species with conflicting biological properties. Triggered by the devastating effect of pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients, the scientific community generated an unusually large amount of taxonomic data for these bacteria during the past 15 years. This review presents the polyphasic, multilocus and genomic methodology used for the classification and identification of these bacteria. The current state-of-the-art demonstrates that present day taxonomists can replace traditional DNA-DNA hybridizations for species level demarcation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis for studying phylogeny by superior whole genome sequence-based parameters within the framework of polyphasic taxonomic studies.
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Environmental Burkholderia Cepacia Complex isolates in human infections.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Adam Baldwin, John R. W. Govan, Peter Vandamme, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, John J. Lipuma, Pavel Drevinek, David J. Waine, Luigi Chiarini, Claudia Dalmastri, Deborah A. HenryAbstract:Members of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc), found in many environments, are associated with clinical infections. Examining diverse species and strains from different environments with multilocus sequence typing, we identified >20% of 381 clinical isolates as indistinguishable from those in the environment. This finding links the natural environment with the emergence of many Bcc infections.
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Taxonomy and pathogenesis of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Chronic respiratory disease, 2005Co-Authors: Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, Peter VandammeAbstract:Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are susceptible to chronic respiratory infection with a number of bacterial pathogens. The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex bacteria are problematic CF pathogens because (i) they are very resistant to antibiotics, making respiratory infection difficult to treat and eradicate; (ii) infection with these bacteria is associated with high mortality in CF; (iii) they may spread from one CF patient to another, leading to considerable problems for both patients and carers; and (iv) B. Cepacia Complex bacteria are difficult to identify and nine new species have now been found to constitute isolates originally identified as ‘B. Cepacia’ based on their phenotypic properties. Here we review the changes that have occurred in the taxonomy of the B. Cepacia Complex and the pathogenic factors these bacteria possess. While the taxonomy of the B.Cepacia Complex has advanced considerably with the development of accurate methods for their identification, the pathogenic mechanisms employed by these CF pathogens are only just beginning to be explored at the molecular level. Several virulence factors have been defined for B. cenoCepacia (the dominant CF pathogen within the Complex); however, knowledge of the disease mechanisms employed by other B. Cepacia Complex species is limited. The recent determination of the complete genome sequences for several of the B. Cepacia Complex species should greatly enhance our ability to study these problematic CF pathogens.
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Epidemiology of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex colonisation in cystic fibrosis patients.
The European respiratory journal, 2004Co-Authors: K. De Boeck, John R. W. Govan, C. Doherty, Anne Malfroot, L. Van Schil, Patrick Lebecque, Christiane Knoop, Severine Laevens, Peter VandammeAbstract:In Belgian cystic fibrosis (CF) clinics, sputum samples are evaluated on selective MAST medium routinely every 3 months. In this study, in 1993 and 1999, isolates were further examined by recA restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA restricted with SpeI. In 1993, 12 patients were colonised with Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc): B. cenoCepacia (n=6), B. multivorans (n=3), B. stabilis (n=3). Four patients were colonised with the same B. cenoCepacia strain; two with the same B. stabilis strain. After 5 yrs, three B. cenoCepacia- and one B. multivorans-colonised patients had died. In 1999, Bcc was isolated in 12 patients: B. multivorans (n=9), B. stabilis (n=1) and B. cenoCepacia (n=2). Three patients were colonised by the same B. multivorans strain. Compared to matched controls, the 5 yr outcome was poor; four B. Cepacia patients died and none of the control patients died. Lung-function evolution was poor. In conclusion, the rate of colonisation in Belgian cystic fibrosis patients is stable and low. Burkholderia cenoCepacia was most prevalent in 1993; Burkholderia multivorans in 1999. The cross-infection rate is low. Three patients had transient colonisation. The impact of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex on morbidity in the Belgian cystic fibrosis population is high and not limited to Burkholderia cenoCepacia.
Eshwar Mahenthiralingam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Direct Culture-Independent Strain Typing of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex in Sputum Samples from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Journal of clinical microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Pavel Drevinek, Sarka Vosahlikova, Klara Dedeckova, Ondrej Cinek, Eshwar MahenthiralingamAbstract:We examined if multilocus sequence typing (MLST), a method for genotyping and species identification of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex bacteria, could be applied directly to cystic fibrosis sputum. The redesigned nested-PCR MLST format was successfully used to accurately identify strains in 23 sputum samples, of which 8 were culture negative.
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biocide susceptibility of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Helen Rose, Adam Baldwin, Christopher G. Dowson, Eshwar MahenthiralingamAbstract:Objectives: The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc) species are important opportunistic pathogens with intrinsic antibiotic resistance. They are also well known as contaminants of disinfectants, yet their biocide susceptibility has not been studied in detail. We investigated Bcc biocide susceptibility and correlated it to their taxonomy, antibiotic susceptibility and ability to form biofilms. Methods: Genetically distinct Bcc strains belonging to 12 of the defined species were examined. Biocide susceptibility was assessed by (i) broth dilution MIC assays, (ii) agar growth-based MBC screens and (iii) suspension tests. Antibiotic MIC was determined by Etest® strips, and the ability to form biofilms was examined in a 96-well plate assay. Results: Biocide susceptibility varied across the Bcc Complex with high MIC recorded for chlorhexidine (>100 mg/L), cetylpyridinium chloride (>200 mg/L), triclosan (>500 mg/L), benzalkonium chloride (>400 mg/L) and povidone (>50 000 mg/L). Species-dependent differences were apparent only for cetylpyridinium chloride. There was no correlation between biocide susceptibility and (i) antibiotic susceptibility or (ii) the ability to form biofilms. Biocide MBC was considerably higher than the MIC (chlorhexidine, 6-fold greater; cetylpyridinium chloride, 20-fold greater). Cystic fibrosis outbreak strains (Burkholderia multivorans Glasgow strain and Burkholderia cenoCepacia ET12) possessed elevated chlorhexidine resistance, and Bcc bacteria were also shown to remain viable in current commercial biocide formulations. Conclusions: Bcc bacteria are resistant to a wide range of biocides and further representatives of this group should be included as reference strains in the development of new anti-infectives and commercial formulations.
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Environmental Burkholderia Cepacia Complex isolates in human infections.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Adam Baldwin, John R. W. Govan, Peter Vandamme, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, John J. Lipuma, Pavel Drevinek, David J. Waine, Luigi Chiarini, Claudia Dalmastri, Deborah A. HenryAbstract:Members of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc), found in many environments, are associated with clinical infections. Examining diverse species and strains from different environments with multilocus sequence typing, we identified >20% of 381 clinical isolates as indistinguishable from those in the environment. This finding links the natural environment with the emergence of many Bcc infections.
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The multifarious, multireplicon Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, Teresa A Urban, Joanna B. GoldbergAbstract:Members of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc) can cause disease or can be beneficial for plants. The Bcc bacteria are nutritionally diverse and can grow in diverse environments; some can even degrade important pollutants or can use penicillin G as a sole source of carbon. Bcc bacteria can act as opportunistic pathogens and are associated with a variable clinical course in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) that can include severe lung infections, necrotizing pneumonia and septicaemia. The Bcc currently includes nine species (genomovars). The most common species that cause infections in CF patients are B. cenoCepacia (genomovar III) and B. multivorans (genomovar II). Epidemiological studies have identified highly transmissible clones of Bcc bacteria, some of which have been associated with serious outbreaks among CF patients. One of the most prevalent belongs to the ET-12 lineage. However, the factors responsible for the transmission and virulence of these or other epidemic strains have not been identified. It is suggested that, in addition to bacterial factors, the host response is responsible for the variable clinical course among patients. The availability of genome sequence data for the ET-12 lineage strain B. cenoCepacia J2315 has led to the identification of novel genomic islands and facilitated the development of genetic tools to investigate the pathogenesis of this bacterium. These tools have been exploited, along with various models systems that include infections in cell cultures, animals, plants, worms, and amoebae, which have led to the identification and characterization of potential virulence factors. The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc) is a collection of genetically distinct but phenotypically similar bacteria that are divided into at least nine species. Bcc bacteria are found throughout the environment, where they can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on plants and some members can also degrade natural and man-made pollutants. Bcc bacteria are now recognized as important opportunistic pathogens that can cause variable lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients, which result in asymptomatic carriage, chronic infection or 'Cepacia syndrome', which is characterized by a rapid decline in lung function that can include invasive disease. Here we highlight the unique characteristics of the Bcc, focusing on the factors that determine virulence.
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the multifarious multireplicon Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, Teresa A Urban, Joanna B. GoldbergAbstract:The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc) is a collection of genetically distinct but phenotypically similar bacteria that are divided into at least nine species. Bcc bacteria are found throughout the environment, where they can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on plants and some members can also degrade natural and man-made pollutants. Bcc bacteria are now recognized as important opportunistic pathogens that can cause variable lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients, which result in asymptomatic carriage, chronic infection or 'Cepacia syndrome', which is characterized by a rapid decline in lung function that can include invasive disease. Here we highlight the unique characteristics of the Bcc, focusing on the factors that determine virulence.
John J. Lipuma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In Vitro Activity of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Other Antimicrobial Agents against Burkholderia Cepacia Complex and Burkholderia gladioli.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Dale M. Mazer, Carol Young, Linda M. Kalikin, Theodore Spilker, John J. LipumaAbstract:ABSTRACT We tested the activities of ceftolozane-tazobactam and 13 other antimicrobial agents against 221 strains of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex and Burkholderia gladioli. Most strains (82%) were cultured from persons with cystic fibrosis, and most (85%) were recovered since 2011. The ceftolozane-tazobactam MIC was ≤8 μg/ml for 77% of the strains. However, the MIC range was broad (≤0.5 to >64 μg/ml; MIC 50/90 , 2/32 μg/ml). Significant differences in susceptibility to some antimicrobial agents were observed between species.
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intrinsic resistance of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex to benzalkonium chloride
Mbio, 2016Co-Authors: Ohgew Kweon, John J. Lipuma, Richard C Jones, Kellie A Woodling, Goncalo Gamboa Da Costa, David Hussong, Bernard S Marasa, Carl E CernigliaAbstract:ABSTRACT Pharmaceutical products that are contaminated with Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC) bacteria may pose serious consequences to vulnerable patients. Benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride (BZK) cationic surfactants are extensively used in medical applications and have been implicated in the coselection of antimicrobial resistance. The ability of BCC to degrade BZK, tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (C 14 BDMA-Cl), dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (C 12 BDMA-Cl), decyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (C 10 BDMA-Cl), hexyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and benzyltrimethylammonium chloride was determined by incubation in 1/10-diluted tryptic soy broth (TSB) to determine if BCC bacteria have the ability to survive and inactivate these disinfectants. With BZK, C 14 BDMA-Cl, and C 12 BDMA-Cl, inhibition of the growth of 20 BCC strains was observed in disinfectant solutions that ranged from 64 to 256 µg/ml. The efflux pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m -chlorophenylhydrazone increased the sensitivity of bacteria to 64 µg/ml BZK. The 20 BCC strains grew well in 1/10-diluted TSB medium with BZK, C 12 BDMA-Cl, and C 10 BDMA-Cl; they absorbed and degraded the compounds in 7 days. Formation of benzyldimethylamine and benzylmethylamine as the initial metabolites suggested that the cleavage of the C alkyl-N bond occurred as the first step of BZK degradation by BCC bacteria. Proteomic data confirmed the observed efflux activity and metabolic inactivation via biodegradation in terms of BZK resistance of BCC bacteria, which suggests that the two main resistance mechanisms are intrinsic and widespread. IMPORTANCE Benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride is commonly used as an antiseptic in the United States. Several recent microbial outbreaks were linked to antiseptics that were found to contain strains of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex. Burkholderia species survived in antiseptics, possibly because of the degradation of antiseptic molecules or regulation of relevant gene expression. In this study, we assessed the efflux pump and the potential of B. Cepacia Complex bacteria to degrade benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride and improved our understanding of the resistance mechanisms, by using proteomic and metabolic information. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic report of the intrinsic mechanisms of B. Cepacia Complex strain resistance to benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride, based on the metabolic and proteomic evidence for efflux pumps and the complete biodegradation of benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride.
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Environmental Burkholderia Cepacia Complex isolates in human infections.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Adam Baldwin, John R. W. Govan, Peter Vandamme, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, John J. Lipuma, Pavel Drevinek, David J. Waine, Luigi Chiarini, Claudia Dalmastri, Deborah A. HenryAbstract:Members of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc), found in many environments, are associated with clinical infections. Examining diverse species and strains from different environments with multilocus sequence typing, we identified >20% of 381 clinical isolates as indistinguishable from those in the environment. This finding links the natural environment with the emergence of many Bcc infections.
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Simultaneous coinfection by multiple strains during Burkholderia Cepacia Complex infection in cystic fibrosis
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, 2006Co-Authors: Jeffrey H. Yang, Theodore Spilker, John J. LipumaAbstract:Much remains unknown about the natural history of respiratory tract infection by Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc) in persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). Specifically, it is not clear whether infected CF patients typically harbor a single Bcc strain or multiple strains that may be phenotypically indistinguishable. We genotyped 912 Bcc isolates recovered from CF sputum culture from in excess of 100 patients to demonstrate that chronic infection generally involves a single strain. Transient coinfection with more than 1 strain occurs infrequently and may be more common early in the course of Bcc infection.
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distribution of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex species among isolates recovered from persons with or without cystic fibrosis
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Rebecca Reik, Theodore Spilker, John J. LipumaAbstract:We analyzed Burkholderia Cepacia Complex isolates recovered from 1,218 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and 90 patients without CF. Although all B. Cepacia Complex species were found, some were rarely identified. The distribution of species differed between the CF and non-CF populations and appears to be changing over time among CF patients.
John R. W. Govan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Review: Chemical and biological features of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex lipopolysaccharides:
Innate immunity, 2008Co-Authors: Anthony De Soyza, John R. W. Govan, Alba Silipo, Rosa Lanzetta, Antonio MolinaroAbstract:The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex comprises 10 closely related Gram-negative organisms all of which appear capable of causing disease in humans. These organisms appear of particular relevance to patients with cystic fibrosis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important virulence determinant in Gram-negative pathogens. In this review, we highlight important data within the field commenting on LPS/lipid A structure-to-function relationships and cytokine induction capacity of Burkholderia strains studied so far.
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Environmental Burkholderia Cepacia Complex isolates in human infections.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2007Co-Authors: Adam Baldwin, John R. W. Govan, Peter Vandamme, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam, John J. Lipuma, Pavel Drevinek, David J. Waine, Luigi Chiarini, Claudia Dalmastri, Deborah A. HenryAbstract:Members of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc), found in many environments, are associated with clinical infections. Examining diverse species and strains from different environments with multilocus sequence typing, we identified >20% of 381 clinical isolates as indistinguishable from those in the environment. This finding links the natural environment with the emergence of many Bcc infections.
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Epidemiology of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex colonisation in cystic fibrosis patients.
The European respiratory journal, 2004Co-Authors: K. De Boeck, John R. W. Govan, C. Doherty, Anne Malfroot, L. Van Schil, Patrick Lebecque, Christiane Knoop, Severine Laevens, Peter VandammeAbstract:In Belgian cystic fibrosis (CF) clinics, sputum samples are evaluated on selective MAST medium routinely every 3 months. In this study, in 1993 and 1999, isolates were further examined by recA restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA restricted with SpeI. In 1993, 12 patients were colonised with Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (Bcc): B. cenoCepacia (n=6), B. multivorans (n=3), B. stabilis (n=3). Four patients were colonised with the same B. cenoCepacia strain; two with the same B. stabilis strain. After 5 yrs, three B. cenoCepacia- and one B. multivorans-colonised patients had died. In 1999, Bcc was isolated in 12 patients: B. multivorans (n=9), B. stabilis (n=1) and B. cenoCepacia (n=2). Three patients were colonised by the same B. multivorans strain. Compared to matched controls, the 5 yr outcome was poor; four B. Cepacia patients died and none of the control patients died. Lung-function evolution was poor. In conclusion, the rate of colonisation in Belgian cystic fibrosis patients is stable and low. Burkholderia cenoCepacia was most prevalent in 1993; Burkholderia multivorans in 1999. The cross-infection rate is low. Three patients had transient colonisation. The impact of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex on morbidity in the Belgian cystic fibrosis population is high and not limited to Burkholderia cenoCepacia.
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Updated version of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex experimental strain panel.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: Tom Coenye, John R. W. Govan, Peter Vandamme, John J. Lipuma, Eshwar MahenthiralingamAbstract:The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex consists of nine closely related species: Burkholderia Cepacia genomovars I and VI, Burkholderia multivorans (genomovar II), Burkholderia cenoCepacia (genomovar III), Burkholderia stabilis (genomovar IV), Burkholderia vietnamiensis (genomovar V), Burkholderia
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lysogeny and bacteriophage host range within the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: Ross J Langley, Peter Vandamme, Dervla T Kenna, Rebecca Ure, John R. W. GovanAbstract:The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex comprises a group of nine closely related species that have emerged as life-threatening pulmonary pathogens in immunocompromised patients, particularly individuals with cystic fibrosis or chronic granulomatous disease. Attempts to explain the genomic plasticity, adaptability and virulence of the Complex have paid little attention to bacteriophages, particularly the potential contribution of lysogenic conversion and transduction. In this study, lysogeny was observed in 10 of 20 representative strains of the B. Cepacia Complex. Three temperate phages and five lytic phages isolated from soils, river sediments or the plant rhizosphere were chosen for further study. Six phages exhibited T-even morphology and two were lambda-like. The host range of individual phages, when tested against 66 strains of the B. Cepacia Complex and a representative panel of other pseudomonads, was not species-specific within the B. Cepacia Complex and, in some phages, included Burkholderia gladioli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These new data indicate a potential role for phages of the B. Cepacia Complex in the evolution of these soil bacteria as pathogens of plants, humans and animals, and as novel therapeutic agents.
Jonathan J Dennis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aerosol phage therapy efficacy in Burkholderia Cepacia Complex respiratory infections
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2014Co-Authors: Diana D Semler, Amanda D Goudie, Warren H Finlay, Jonathan J DennisAbstract:Phage therapy has been suggested as a potential treatment for highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as the species of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC). To address this hypothesis, experimental B. cenoCepacia respiratory infections were established in mice using a nebulizer and a nose-only inhalation device. Following infection, the mice were treated with one of five B. cenoCepacia-specific phages delivered as either an aerosol or intraperitoneal injection. The bacterial and phage titers within the lungs were assayed 2 days after treatment, and mice that received the aerosolized phage therapy demonstrated significant decreases in bacterial loads. Differences in phage activity were observed in vivo. Mice that received phage treatment by intraperitoneal injection did not demonstrate significantly reduced bacterial loads, although phage particles were isolated from their lung tissue. Based on these data, aerosol phage therapy appears to be an effective method for treating highly antibiotic-resistant bacterial respiratory infections, including those caused by BCC bacteria.
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The Promise of Bacteriophage Therapy for Burkholderia Cepacia Complex Respiratory Infections
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Diana D Semler, Karlene H. Lynch, Jonathan J DennisAbstract:In recent times, increased attention has been given to evaluating the efficacy of phage therapy, especially in scenarios where the bacterial infectious agent of interest is highly antibiotic resistant. In this regard, phage therapy is especially applicable to infections caused by the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC) since members of the BCC are antibiotic pan-resistant. Current studies in BCC phage therapy are unique from many other avenues of phage therapy research in that the research is not only comprised of phage isolation, in vitro phage characterization and in vivo infection model efficacy, but also adapting aerosol drug delivery techniques to aerosol phage formulation delivery and storage.
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experimental bacteriophage therapy increases survival of galleria mellonella larvae infected with clinically relevant strains of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Kimberley D Seed, Jonathan J DennisAbstract:The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC) is a group of bacterial pathogens that are highly antibiotic resistant and associated with debilitating respiratory infections. Although bacteriophages of the BCC have been isolated and characterized, no studies have yet examined phage therapy against the BCC in vivo. In a caterpillar infection model, we show that BCC phage therapy is an alternative treatment possibility and is highly effective under specific conditions.
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Genomic sequence and activity of KS10, a transposable phage of the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
BMC genomics, 2008Co-Authors: Amanda D Goudie, Kimberley D Seed, Karlene H. Lynch, Paul Stothard, Savita Shrivastava, David S. Wishart, Jonathan J DennisAbstract:Background The Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC) is a versatile group of Gram negative organisms that can be found throughout the environment in sources such as soil, water, and plants. While BCC bacteria can be involved in beneficial interactions with plants, they are also considered opportunistic pathogens, specifically in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. These organisms also exhibit resistance to many antibiotics, making conventional treatment often unsuccessful. KS10 was isolated as a prophage of B. cenoCepacia K56-2, a clinically relevant strain of the BCC. Our objective was to sequence the genome of this phage and also determine if this prophage encoded any virulence determinants.
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toward modern inhalational bacteriophage therapy nebulization of bacteriophages of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery, 2008Co-Authors: Laleh Golshahi, Kimberley D Seed, Jonathan J Dennis, Warren H FinlayAbstract:Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections have renewed interest in finding substitute methods of treatment. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to investigate the possibility of respiratory delivery of a Burkholderia Cepacia Complex (BCC) bacteriophage by nebulized aerosol administration. Bacteriophages in isotonic saline were aerosolized with Pari LC star and eFlow nebulizers, at titers with mean value (standard deviation) of 2.15 × 108 (1.63 × 108) plaque-forming unit (PFU)/mL in 2.5-mL nebulizer fills. The breathing pattern of an adult was simulated using a pulmonary waveform generator. During breath simulation, the size distributions of the nebulized aerosol were measured using phase doppler anemometry (PDA). Efficiency of nebulizer delivery was subsequently determined by collection of aerosol on low resistance filters and measurement of bacteriophage titers. These filter titers were used as input data to a mathematical lung deposition model to predict regional deposition of bacteriophages i...
