The Experts below are selected from a list of 165 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J. Whysner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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safety assessment of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene as antioxidant food additives
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1999Co-Authors: Gary M. Williams, M. J. Iatropoulos, J. WhysnerAbstract:Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are widely used antioxidant food additives. They have been extensively studied for potential toxicities. This review details experimental studies of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity which bear on cancer hazard assessment of exposure to humans. We conclude that BHA and BHT pose no cancer hazard and, to the contrary, may be anticarcinogenic at current levels of food additive use.
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Safety assessment of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene as antioxidant food additives
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1999Co-Authors: G M Williams, M. J. Iatropoulos, J. WhysnerAbstract:Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are widely used antioxidant food additives. They have been extensively studied for potential toxicities. This review details experimental studies of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity which bear on cancer hazard assessment of exposure to humans. We conclude that BHA and BHT pose no cancer hazard and, to the contrary, may be anticarcinogenic at current levels of food additive use. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Jing G Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Butylated Hydroxyanisole bha and Butylated hydroxytoluene bht on the acetylation of 2 aminofluorene and dna 2 aminofluorene adducts in the rat
Toxicological Sciences, 1999Co-Authors: Jing G ChungAbstract:The effects of the synthetic phenolic antioxidants (Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene) on the in vivo acetylation of 2-aminofluorene and formation of DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. For in vitro examination, cytosols and intact cells, with or without Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene co-treatment, showed different percentages of 2-aminofluorene acetylation and DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts. For in vivo examination, pretreatment of male rats with Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene (10 mg/kg) 48 h prior to the administration of 2-aminofluorene (50 mg/kg) resulted in 34% and 18%, 29% and 20% decreases, respectively, in the urinary and fecal recovery of N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene, and 34% and 19% decreases, respectively, in the metabolic clearance of 2-aminofluorene to N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene. Following exposure of rats to the 2-aminofluorene, with or without pretreatment with Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene, DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts were observed in the target tissues of liver and bladder, and also in circulating leukocytes. The DNA-2-aminofluorene adducts in liver, bladder, and leukocytes were decreased by pretreatment with Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene. This is the first demonstration that synthetic phenolic antioxidants decrease the N-acetylation of carcinogens and formation of DNA-carcinogen adducts in vivo.
Gary M. Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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safety assessment of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene as antioxidant food additives
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1999Co-Authors: Gary M. Williams, M. J. Iatropoulos, J. WhysnerAbstract:Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are widely used antioxidant food additives. They have been extensively studied for potential toxicities. This review details experimental studies of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity which bear on cancer hazard assessment of exposure to humans. We conclude that BHA and BHT pose no cancer hazard and, to the contrary, may be anticarcinogenic at current levels of food additive use.
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Toxicity studies of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene. I. Genetic and cellular effects.
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1990Co-Authors: Gary M. Williams, C.a. Mcqueen, Charles TongAbstract:The cellular effects of the antioxidants Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene were studied in a battery of in vitro tests. No evidence of genotoxicity was obtained for either compound in the hepatocyte primary culture/DNA repair test, the Salmonella/microsome mutagenesis test, the adult rat liver epithelial cell/hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase test, or for Butylated Hydroxyanisole in the Chinese hamster ovary cell/sister chromatid exchange test. Both compounds inhibited intercellular molecular exchange between cultured liver cells, an effect that has been observed for many agents with neoplasm-promoting activity.
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Toxicity studies of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene. II. Chronic feeding studies
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1990Co-Authors: Gary M. Williams, C.x. Wang, M.j. IatropoulosAbstract:Abstract The antioxidants Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were fed in the diet to male F344 rats in two chronic feeding studies. In one study, feeding BHT for 76 wk at concentrations ranging from 100 to 6000 ppm produced no increase in neoplasms at any site. In a second study, feeding 12,000 ppm BHT for 110 wk had no neoplastic effect at any site, whereas feeding BHA at 12,000 ppm resulted in a small increase in squamous cell papillomas of the non-glandular squamous portion of the stomach.
M J Hazen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the antioxidant Butylated Hydroxyanisole potentiates the toxic effects of propylparaben in cultured mammalian cells
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Jose Manuel Perez Martin, Paloma Fernandez Freire, Lidia Daimiel, Javier Martinezbotas, Covadonga Martin Sanchez, Miguel A Lasuncion, Ana Peropadre, M J HazenAbstract:Abstract Butylated Hydroxyanisole and propylparaben are phenolic preservatives commonly used in food, pharmaceutical and personal care products. Both chemicals have been subjected to extensive toxicological studies, due to the growing concern regarding their possible impacts on environmental and human health. However, the cytotoxicity and underlying mechanisms of co-exposure to these compounds have not been explored. In this study, a set of relevant cytotoxicity endpoints including cell viability and proliferation, oxidative stress, DNA damage and gene expression changes were analyzed to assess whether the antioxidant Butylated Hydroxyanisole could prevent the pro-oxidant effects caused by propylparaben in Vero cells. We demonstrated that binary mixtures of both chemicals induce greater cytotoxic effects than those reported after single exposure to each compound. Simultaneous treatment with Butylated Hydroxyanisole and propylparaben caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest as a result of enhanced generation of oxidative stress and DNA double strand breaks. DNA microarray analysis revealed that a cross-talk between transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) pathways regulates the response of Vero cells to the tested compounds in binary mixture. Our findings indicate that Butylated Hydroxyanisole potentiates the pro-oxidant effects of propylparaben in cultured mammalian cells and provide useful information for their safety assessment.
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cytotoxicity of Butylated Hydroxyanisole in vero cells
Cell Biology and Toxicology, 2007Co-Authors: V Labrador, Fernandez P Freire, J Perez M Martin, M J HazenAbstract:Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) is perhaps the most extensively used synthetic antioxidant in the food and cosmetic industry, although considerable controversy exists in the literature regarding the safety of this compound. Most in vitro studies describing the effects of BHA have been performed in cancer cells, but it is unclear whether normal cells are equally susceptible to BHA exposure. The present study investigate the toxic potential of BHA in mammalian cells, using biochemical and morphological parameters, which reveal interference with structures essential for cell survival, proliferation and/or function. Cell growth inhibition was assessed by using colorimetric assays, whereas cellular alterations after BHA exposure, were evaluated using conventional light and fluorescence microscopy. Low doses of BHA exerted a significant cytotoxic effect, associated with loss of mitochondrial function. As the concentration of BHA was increased, morphological alterations in critical subcellular targets such as lysosomes, mitochondria and actin cytoskeleton, were observed. In parallel, BHA induced an irreversible loss of cell proliferative capacity, preceding apoptosis induction. Thus, the dose-dependent activity of BHA on Vero cells appears to be cytotoxic as well as cytostatic. Our observations, although simplified with respect to the in vivo situations, allowed the assessment of the specific damage at the cellular level, and provide some clue about the effects of BHA in non-tumoral mammalian cells. Abbreviations: BHA, Butylated Hydroxyanisole; MI, mitotic index; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide; TPC, total protein content
M. J. Iatropoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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safety assessment of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene as antioxidant food additives
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1999Co-Authors: Gary M. Williams, M. J. Iatropoulos, J. WhysnerAbstract:Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are widely used antioxidant food additives. They have been extensively studied for potential toxicities. This review details experimental studies of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity which bear on cancer hazard assessment of exposure to humans. We conclude that BHA and BHT pose no cancer hazard and, to the contrary, may be anticarcinogenic at current levels of food additive use.
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Safety assessment of Butylated Hydroxyanisole and Butylated hydroxytoluene as antioxidant food additives
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1999Co-Authors: G M Williams, M. J. Iatropoulos, J. WhysnerAbstract:Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are widely used antioxidant food additives. They have been extensively studied for potential toxicities. This review details experimental studies of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity which bear on cancer hazard assessment of exposure to humans. We conclude that BHA and BHT pose no cancer hazard and, to the contrary, may be anticarcinogenic at current levels of food additive use. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.
