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Urs Boutellier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • creatine feeding does not enhance intramyocellular glycogen concentration during Carbohydrate Loading an in vivo study by31p and13c mrs
    Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jesus Ricosanz, M. Zehnder, R. Buchli, G. Kühne, Urs Boutellier
    Abstract:

    The main aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that creatine (Cr) feeding enhances myocellular glycogen storage in humans undergoing Carbohydrate Loading. Twenty trained male subjects were randomly assigned to have their diets supplemented daily with 252 g of glucose polymer (GP) and either 21 g of Cr (CRGP, n=10) or placebo (PL-GP, n=10) for 5 days. Changes in resting myocellular glycogen and phosphocreatine (PCr) were determined with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C- and31P-MRS, respectively). After CR-GP, the levels of intramyocellular glycogen increased from 147±13 (standard error) mmol·(kg wet weight)−1) to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1, while it increased from 134±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)− to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1 after PL-GP; the increments in intramyocellular glycogen concentrations were not statistically different. The increment in the PCr/ATP ratio after CR-GP (+0.20±0.12) was significantly different compared to PL-GP (−0.34±0.16) (p<0.05). The present results do not support the hypothesis that Cr Loading increases muscle glycogen storage.

  • Creatine feeding does not enhance intramyocellular glycogen concentration during Carbohydrate Loading: an in vivo study by31P-and13C-MRS
    Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jesús Rico-sanz, M. Zehnder, R. Buchli, G. Kühne, Urs Boutellier
    Abstract:

    The main aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that creatine (Cr) feeding enhances myocellular glycogen storage in humans undergoing Carbohydrate Loading. Twenty trained male subjects were randomly assigned to have their diets supplemented daily with 252 g of glucose polymer (GP) and either 21 g of Cr (CRGP, n=10) or placebo (PL-GP, n=10) for 5 days. Changes in resting myocellular glycogen and phosphocreatine (PCr) were determined with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C- and31P-MRS, respectively). After CR-GP, the levels of intramyocellular glycogen increased from 147±13 (standard error) mmol·(kg wet weight)−1) to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1, while it increased from 134±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)− to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1 after PL-GP; the increments in intramyocellular glycogen concentrations were not statistically different. The increment in the PCr/ATP ratio after CR-GP (+0.20±0.12) was significantly different compared to PL-GP (−0.34±0.16) (p

E Hagstromtoft - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pre operative Carbohydrate Loading may be used in type 2 diabetes patients
    Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ulf Gustafsson, Olle Ljungqvist, Jonas Nygren, Anders Thorell, Mattias Soop, Per M. Hellström, E Hagstromtoft
    Abstract:

    Background: Post-operative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are associated with an impaired outcome after surgery. Pre-operative oral Carbohydrate Loading (CHO) reduces post-operative insulin resistance with a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia during post-operative nutrition. Insulin-resistant diabetic patients have not been given CHO because the effects on pre-operative glycaemia and gastric emptying are unknown.Methods: Twenty-five patients (45-73 years) with type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.2 +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM] and 10 healthy control subjects (45-72 years) were studied. A Carbohydrate-rich drink (400 ml, 12.5%) was given with paracetamol 1.5 g for determination of gastric emptying.Results: Peak glucose was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (13.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.5 mM; P<0.01) and occurred later after intake (60 vs. 30 min; P<0.01). Glucose concentrations were back to baseline at 180 vs. 120 min in diabetic patients and healthy subjects, respectively (P<0.01). At 120 min, 10.9 +/- 0.7% and 13.3 +/- 1.2% of paracetamol remained in the stomach in diabetic patients and healthy, subjects respectively. Gastric half-emptying time (T50) occurred at 49.8 +/- 2.2 min in diabetics and at 58.6 +/- 3.7 min in healthy subjects (P<0.05). Neither peak glucose, glucose at 180 min, gastric T50, nor retention at 120 min differed between insulin (HbA1c 6.8 +/- 0.7%)- and non-insulin-treated (HbA1c 5.6 +/- 0.4%) patients.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetic patients showed no signs of delayed gastric emptying, suggesting that a Carbohydrate-rich drink may be safely administrated 180 min before anaesthesia without risk of hyperglycaemia or aspiration pre-operatively.

Olle Ljungqvist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Modulating postoperative insulin resistance by preoperative Carbohydrate Loading
    Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Olle Ljungqvist
    Abstract:

    The concept of preoperative overnight fasting was challenged and proved to have no benefits over allowing patients to drink clear fluids up until 2 h before surgery. This led to changes in the guidelines for preoperative fasting in many countries around the world. This concept has more recently been developed further. Mounting evidence indicates that instead of being operated in the traditional overnight fasted state, undergoing surgery in the Carbohydrate-fed state has many clinical benefits. Many of these clinical effects can be related to reduced postoperative insulin resistance by preoperative Carbohydrate Loading. This article summarises the present understanding of the mechanisms behind the positive clinical effects and gives an overview of the information available regarding the clinical effects of this treatment. Finally, the article summarises the most recently published national guidelines on preoperative fasting routines where preoperative Carbohydrates are recommended for use before a major surgery. These are to be considered for all patients allowed to drink clear fluids and undergoing elective surgery.

  • pre operative Carbohydrate Loading may be used in type 2 diabetes patients
    Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ulf Gustafsson, Olle Ljungqvist, Jonas Nygren, Anders Thorell, Mattias Soop, Per M. Hellström, E Hagstromtoft
    Abstract:

    Background: Post-operative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are associated with an impaired outcome after surgery. Pre-operative oral Carbohydrate Loading (CHO) reduces post-operative insulin resistance with a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia during post-operative nutrition. Insulin-resistant diabetic patients have not been given CHO because the effects on pre-operative glycaemia and gastric emptying are unknown.Methods: Twenty-five patients (45-73 years) with type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.2 +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM] and 10 healthy control subjects (45-72 years) were studied. A Carbohydrate-rich drink (400 ml, 12.5%) was given with paracetamol 1.5 g for determination of gastric emptying.Results: Peak glucose was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (13.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.5 mM; P<0.01) and occurred later after intake (60 vs. 30 min; P<0.01). Glucose concentrations were back to baseline at 180 vs. 120 min in diabetic patients and healthy subjects, respectively (P<0.01). At 120 min, 10.9 +/- 0.7% and 13.3 +/- 1.2% of paracetamol remained in the stomach in diabetic patients and healthy, subjects respectively. Gastric half-emptying time (T50) occurred at 49.8 +/- 2.2 min in diabetics and at 58.6 +/- 3.7 min in healthy subjects (P<0.05). Neither peak glucose, glucose at 180 min, gastric T50, nor retention at 120 min differed between insulin (HbA1c 6.8 +/- 0.7%)- and non-insulin-treated (HbA1c 5.6 +/- 0.4%) patients.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetic patients showed no signs of delayed gastric emptying, suggesting that a Carbohydrate-rich drink may be safely administrated 180 min before anaesthesia without risk of hyperglycaemia or aspiration pre-operatively.

  • Pre‐operative Carbohydrate Loading may be used in type 2 diabetes patients
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ulf Gustafsson, Olle Ljungqvist, Jonas Nygren, Anders Thorell, Mattias Soop, Per M. Hellström, E Hagström-toft
    Abstract:

    Background: Post-operative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are associated with an impaired outcome after surgery. Pre-operative oral Carbohydrate Loading (CHO) reduces post-operative insulin resistance with a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia during post-operative nutrition. Insulin-resistant diabetic patients have not been given CHO because the effects on pre-operative glycaemia and gastric emptying are unknown.Methods: Twenty-five patients (45-73 years) with type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.2 +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM] and 10 healthy control subjects (45-72 years) were studied. A Carbohydrate-rich drink (400 ml, 12.5%) was given with paracetamol 1.5 g for determination of gastric emptying.Results: Peak glucose was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (13.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.5 mM; P

Ulf Gustafsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pre operative Carbohydrate Loading may be used in type 2 diabetes patients
    Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ulf Gustafsson, Olle Ljungqvist, Jonas Nygren, Anders Thorell, Mattias Soop, Per M. Hellström, E Hagstromtoft
    Abstract:

    Background: Post-operative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are associated with an impaired outcome after surgery. Pre-operative oral Carbohydrate Loading (CHO) reduces post-operative insulin resistance with a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia during post-operative nutrition. Insulin-resistant diabetic patients have not been given CHO because the effects on pre-operative glycaemia and gastric emptying are unknown.Methods: Twenty-five patients (45-73 years) with type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.2 +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM] and 10 healthy control subjects (45-72 years) were studied. A Carbohydrate-rich drink (400 ml, 12.5%) was given with paracetamol 1.5 g for determination of gastric emptying.Results: Peak glucose was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (13.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.5 mM; P<0.01) and occurred later after intake (60 vs. 30 min; P<0.01). Glucose concentrations were back to baseline at 180 vs. 120 min in diabetic patients and healthy subjects, respectively (P<0.01). At 120 min, 10.9 +/- 0.7% and 13.3 +/- 1.2% of paracetamol remained in the stomach in diabetic patients and healthy, subjects respectively. Gastric half-emptying time (T50) occurred at 49.8 +/- 2.2 min in diabetics and at 58.6 +/- 3.7 min in healthy subjects (P<0.05). Neither peak glucose, glucose at 180 min, gastric T50, nor retention at 120 min differed between insulin (HbA1c 6.8 +/- 0.7%)- and non-insulin-treated (HbA1c 5.6 +/- 0.4%) patients.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetic patients showed no signs of delayed gastric emptying, suggesting that a Carbohydrate-rich drink may be safely administrated 180 min before anaesthesia without risk of hyperglycaemia or aspiration pre-operatively.

  • Pre‐operative Carbohydrate Loading may be used in type 2 diabetes patients
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ulf Gustafsson, Olle Ljungqvist, Jonas Nygren, Anders Thorell, Mattias Soop, Per M. Hellström, E Hagström-toft
    Abstract:

    Background: Post-operative insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are associated with an impaired outcome after surgery. Pre-operative oral Carbohydrate Loading (CHO) reduces post-operative insulin resistance with a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia during post-operative nutrition. Insulin-resistant diabetic patients have not been given CHO because the effects on pre-operative glycaemia and gastric emptying are unknown.Methods: Twenty-five patients (45-73 years) with type 2 diabetes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 6.2 +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM] and 10 healthy control subjects (45-72 years) were studied. A Carbohydrate-rich drink (400 ml, 12.5%) was given with paracetamol 1.5 g for determination of gastric emptying.Results: Peak glucose was higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects (13.4 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.5 mM; P

M. Zehnder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • creatine feeding does not enhance intramyocellular glycogen concentration during Carbohydrate Loading an in vivo study by31p and13c mrs
    Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jesus Ricosanz, M. Zehnder, R. Buchli, G. Kühne, Urs Boutellier
    Abstract:

    The main aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that creatine (Cr) feeding enhances myocellular glycogen storage in humans undergoing Carbohydrate Loading. Twenty trained male subjects were randomly assigned to have their diets supplemented daily with 252 g of glucose polymer (GP) and either 21 g of Cr (CRGP, n=10) or placebo (PL-GP, n=10) for 5 days. Changes in resting myocellular glycogen and phosphocreatine (PCr) were determined with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C- and31P-MRS, respectively). After CR-GP, the levels of intramyocellular glycogen increased from 147±13 (standard error) mmol·(kg wet weight)−1) to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1, while it increased from 134±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)− to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1 after PL-GP; the increments in intramyocellular glycogen concentrations were not statistically different. The increment in the PCr/ATP ratio after CR-GP (+0.20±0.12) was significantly different compared to PL-GP (−0.34±0.16) (p<0.05). The present results do not support the hypothesis that Cr Loading increases muscle glycogen storage.

  • Creatine feeding does not enhance intramyocellular glycogen concentration during Carbohydrate Loading: an in vivo study by31P-and13C-MRS
    Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jesús Rico-sanz, M. Zehnder, R. Buchli, G. Kühne, Urs Boutellier
    Abstract:

    The main aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that creatine (Cr) feeding enhances myocellular glycogen storage in humans undergoing Carbohydrate Loading. Twenty trained male subjects were randomly assigned to have their diets supplemented daily with 252 g of glucose polymer (GP) and either 21 g of Cr (CRGP, n=10) or placebo (PL-GP, n=10) for 5 days. Changes in resting myocellular glycogen and phosphocreatine (PCr) were determined with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C- and31P-MRS, respectively). After CR-GP, the levels of intramyocellular glycogen increased from 147±13 (standard error) mmol·(kg wet weight)−1) to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1, while it increased from 134±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)− to 182±17 mmol·(kg wet weight)−1 after PL-GP; the increments in intramyocellular glycogen concentrations were not statistically different. The increment in the PCr/ATP ratio after CR-GP (+0.20±0.12) was significantly different compared to PL-GP (−0.34±0.16) (p