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Mildred S. Dresselhaus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Raman spectroscopy of Carbon Nanotubes
    Physics Reports, 2005
    Co-Authors: Mildred S. Dresselhaus, Gene Dresselhaus, R. Saito, Anouar Jorio
    Abstract:

    The use of Raman spectroscopy to reveal the remarkable structure and the unusual electronic and phonon properties of single wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) is reviewed comprehensively. The various types of Raman scattering processes relevant to Carbon Nanotubes are reviewed, and the theoretical foundations for these topics are presented. The most common experimental techniques used to probe Carbon Nanotubes are summarized, followed by a review of the novel experimental findings for each of the features in the first order and second order Raman spectra for single wall Carbon Nanotubes. These results are presented and discussed in connection with theoretical considerations. Raman spectra for bundles of SWNTs, for SWNTs surrounded by various common wrapping agents, and for isolated SWNTs at the single nanotube level are reviewed. Some of the current research challenges facing the field are briefly summarized.

  • Synthesis and application of Carbon Nanotubes
    Chimica Oggi-chemistry Today, 2005
    Co-Authors: M. Endo, Takuya Hayashi, Yoong Ahm Kim, M. Terrones, Mildred S. Dresselhaus
    Abstract:

    Carbon Nanotubes are now considered as ideal nanomaterials due to their intrinsic properties, such as thermal, mechanical and electrical properties, in a wide range of promising applications. History and basic structure of Carbon Nanotubes were reviewed briefly in previous paper. In this paper we focus on synthetic methods, properties and finally some of the important application of Carbon Nanotubes. Even though the fabrication of Carbon Nanotubes using chemical vapor deposition methods are possible, large-scale production techniques of high-purity Carbon Nanotubes, especially at a relatively low cost, still remain developed. Among many potential applications of Carbon Nanotubes, we focus on electrochemical applications, field emission devices and the use of Nanotubes as reinforcement in high-performance composites.

  • Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes
    AIP Conference Proceedings, 2005
    Co-Authors: Mildred S. Dresselhaus, R. Saito, Anouar Jorio
    Abstract:

    The use of Raman spectroscopy to reveal the remarkable structure and properties of Carbon Nanotubes is briefly reviewed. Particular emphasis is given to the fact that a nanotube can be semiconducting or metallic depending on its diameter dt and chirality θ, and how Raman spectroscopy at the single nanotube level reveals such information. Some of the implications of the unusual properties of Carbon Nanotubes are summarized. It is shown how the vibrational spectra of one tiny tube, only about 1 nm in diameter, can be observed experimentally. Raman spectroscopy normally measures vibrational frequencies. What is unique about Carbon Nanotubes is that for this one‐dimensional system, resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) also determines, in addition, the geometrical structure of the resonant nanotube, that is its diameter and chirality. Some of the recent advances in single nanotube spectroscopy are briefly discussed. The use of RRS for characterizing Carbon nanotube samples is also discussed. The connection betwe...

  • Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes
    Advances in Physics, 2000
    Co-Authors: Mildred S. Dresselhaus, P. C. Eklund
    Abstract:

    A broad review of the unusual one-dimensional properties of phonons in Carbon Nanotubes is presented, including phonons in isolated Nanotubes and in crystalline arrays of Nanotubes in nanotube bundles. The main technique for probing the phonon spectra has been Raman spectroscopy and the many unique and unusual features of the Raman spectra of Carbon Nanotubes are reviewed. Also included is a brief review of the thermal properties of Carbon Nanotubes in relation to their unusual phonon dispersion relations and density of states.

  • Physics of Carbon Nanotubes
    Carbon, 1995
    Co-Authors: Mildred S. Dresselhaus, Gene Dresselhaus, R. Saito
    Abstract:

    The fundamental relations governing the geometry of Carbon Nanotubes are reviewed, and explicit examples are presented. A framework is given for the symmetry properties of Carbon Nanotubes for both symmorphic and non-symmorphic tubules which have screw-axis symmetry. The implications of symmetry on the vibrational and electronic structure of 1D Carbon nanotube systems are considered. The corresponding properties of double-wall Nanotubes and arrays of Nanotubes are also discussed. © 1995.

Gianaurelio Cuniberti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Bio-functionalization of multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes
    Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP, 2013
    Co-Authors: Anindya Majumder, Maryam Khazaee, J. Opitz, Eckhard Beyer, Larysa Baraban, Gianaurelio Cuniberti
    Abstract:

    Here we present a hybrid approach to functionalize multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes in aqueous solution, exploring a non-covalent binding strategy. We focus on formation of hybrid complexes consisting of Carbon Nanotubes decorated by single stranded DNA, non-covalently attached using surfactants as intermediate layers. Unlike single walled Carbon Nanotubes, revealing easy side wall wrapping of DNA, we observe that wrapping of nucleic acids around multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes is diameter dependent.

Giorgia Pastorin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Carbon Nanotubes: From Bench Chemistry to Promising Biomedical Applications - Carbon Nanotubes : from bench chemistry to promising biomedical applications
    Materials Today, 2011
    Co-Authors: Giorgia Pastorin
    Abstract:

    Contributors Preface Stabilisation of Carbon Nanotube Suspensions Dimitrios G. Fatouros, Marta Roldob and Susanna M. van der Merwe Introduction Functionalised CNTs for Drug Delivery Surface-Active Agents in Stabilising CNT Suspensions Stabilisation of Aqueous Suspensions of Carbon Nanotubes by Self-Assembling Block Copolymers Stabilisation of Aqueous Suspensions of Carbon Nanotubes by Chitosan and its Derivatives Biomedical Applications I: Delivery of Drugs Giampiero Spalluto, Stephanie Federico, Barbara Cacciari, Alberto Bianco, Siew Lee Cheong and Maurizio Prato Introduction Non-Covalent Functionalisation on the External Walls "Defect" Functionalisation at the Tips and Sidewalls Covalent Functionalisation on the External Sidewalls Encapsulation Inside CNTs Conclusions and Perspectives Biomedical Applications II: In_luence of Carbon Nanotubes in Cancer Therapy Chiara Fabbro, Francesca Maria Toma and Tatiana Da Ros Importance of Nanotechnology in Cancer Therapy Carbon Nanotubes: A Brief Overview Carbon Nanotubes as Drug Vectors in Cancer Treatment Delivery of Oligonucleotides Mediated by Carbon Nanotubes Carbon Nanotubes in Radiotherapy Carbon Nanotubes in Thermal Ablation Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes Conclusions Biomedical Applications III: Delivery of Immunostimulants and Vaccines Li Jian, Gopalakrishnan Venkatesan and Giorgia Pastorin Introduction to the Immune System Immunogenic Response of Peptide Antigens Conjugated to Functionalised CNTs Interaction of Functionalised CNTs with CPG Motifs and Their Immunostimulatory Activity Immunogenicity of Carbon Nanotubes Conclusions Biomedical Applications IV: Carbon Nanotube-Nucleic Acid Complexes for Biosensors, Gene Delivery and Selective Cancer Therapy Venkata Sudheer Makam, Jason Teng Cang-Rong, Sia Lee Yoong and Giorgia Pastorin Introduction Interaction of CNTs with Nucleic Acids Sensors and Nanocomposites CNT-Nucleic Acid Complexes for Gene Delivery and Selective Cancer Treatment Biomedical Applications V: In_luence of Carbon Nanotubes in Neuronal Living Networks Cecilia Menard-Moyon Introduction Effects of Carbon Nanotubes on Neuronal Cells' Adhesion, Growth, Morphology and Differentiation Electrical Stimulation of Neuronal Cells Grown on Carbon Nanotube-Based Substrates Investigation of the Mechanisms of the Electrical Interactions Between CNTs and Neurons Conclusions and Perspectives Biomedical Applications VI: Carbon Nanotubes as Biosensing and Bio-interfacial Materials Yupeng Ren Introduction Biosensor Bio-interface Conclusions Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes Tapas Ranjan Nayak and Giorgia Pastorin Introduction Parameters Responsible for the Toxicity of CNTs Environmental Exposure Conclusion Overview on the Major Research Activities on Carbon Nanotubes being done in America, Europe and Asia Cecilia Menard-Moyon and Giorgia Pastorin Introduction America Europe Asia Index

Tomas Musteli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • multi walled Carbon Nanotubes induce t lymphocyte apoptosis
    Toxicology Letters, 2006
    Co-Authors: Massimo Ottini, Shane Uckne, Konstantina Nika, Nunzio Ottini, S Ellucci, Andrea Magrini, A Ergamaschi, Tomas Musteli
    Abstract:

    Carbon Nanotubes are a man-made form of Carbon that did not exist in our environment until very recently. Due to their unique chemical, physical, optical, and magnetic properties, Carbon Nanotubes have found many uses in industrial products and in the field of nanotechnology, including in nanomedicine. However, very little is yet known about the toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes. Here, we compare the toxicity of pristine and oxidized multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes on human T cells and find that the latter are more toxic and induce massive loss of cell viability through programmed cell death at doses of 400 microg/ml, which corresponds to approximately 10 million Carbon Nanotubes per cell. Pristine, hydrophobic, Carbon Nanotubes were less toxic and a 10-fold lower concentration of either Carbon nanotube type were not nearly as toxic. Our results suggest that Carbon Nanotubes indeed can be very toxic at sufficiently high concentrations and that careful toxicity studies need to be undertaken particularly in conjunction with nanomedical applications of Carbon Nanotubes.

Wenzhi Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Transplanting Carbon Nanotubes
    Applied Physics Letters, 2004
    Co-Authors: Tarek A. El-aguizy, Jeung-hyun Jeong, Yongbae Jeon, Wenzhi Li
    Abstract:

    Current efforts of guided growth of Carbon Nanotubes alone cannot make large-scale and directed assembly of them. The nanopelleting concept overcomes this limitation by embedding Carbon Nanotubes in microscale pellets that can be transplanted readily. This technique includes vertical growth of Carbon Nanotubes, pellet casting, planarization, pellet separation, and transplantation. A specific manufacturing process is developed and tested with favorable results. This technology will enable directed assembly of Carbon Nanotubes in a long-range order.

  • Boron carbide nanolumps on Carbon Nanotubes
    Applied Physics Letters, 2002
    Co-Authors: Wenzhi Li
    Abstract:

    Boron carbide nanolumps are formed on the surface of multiwall Carbon Nanotubes by a solid-state reaction between boron and Carbon Nanotubes. The reaction is localized so that the integrity of the structure of Carbon Nanotubes is maintained. Inner layers of multiwall Carbon Nanotubes are also bonded to boron carbide nanolumps. These multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with boron carbide nanolumps are expected to be the ideal reinforcing fillers for high-performance composites because of the favorable morphology.