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Ana G Gayubo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biomass to hydrogen rich gas via steam reforming of raw bio oil over ni la2o3 αal2o3 catalyst effect of space time and steam to Carbon Ratio
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Valle, Borja Aramburu, Pedro L Benito, Javier Bilbao, Ana G GayuboAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam reforming (SR) of the raw bio-oil was studied in a continuous two-step system, with the first unit of thermal treatment (at 500 °C) used for retaining the pyrolytic lignin. The remaining volatile stream was reformed in the second unit (fluidized bed reactor) over a Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst at 700 °C. The effect of space-time (0.04–0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil) and steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) (1.5–6) on bio-oil conversion and product yields was assessed. Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyze the coke deposited on the Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst. It was found that a raise in both the space-time and the S/C Ratio contribute to increasing the H2 yield and to decreasing that of CO, CH4 and C2-C4 hydroCarbons. Catalyst deactivation is highly attenuated by raising space-time because of the lower deposition of encapsulating coke, which is directly related to the concentRation of bio-oil oxygenates in the reaction medium. Space-time does not affect the formation of filamentous coke (less responsible for deactivation). The S/C Ratio has less influence on total coke content than space time. For 700 °C, 0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil and S/C = 6, a hydrogen-rich gaseous stream (66 vol% H2) is obtained, with the H2 yield being 93% based on the bio-oil entering the catalytic reactor (or 87% based on the raw bio-oil fed into the two-step system), which decreases to 70% after 7 h time on stream as a consequence of the low catalyst deactivation.
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biomass to hydrogen rich gas via steam reforming of raw bio oil over ni la 2 o 3 αal 2 o 3 catalyst effect of space time and steam to Carbon Ratio
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Valle, Borja Aramburu, Pedro L Benito, Ana G GayuboAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam reforming (SR) of the raw bio-oil was studied in a continuous two-step system, with the first unit of thermal treatment (at 500 °C) used for retaining the pyrolytic lignin. The remaining volatile stream was reformed in the second unit (fluidized bed reactor) over a Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst at 700 °C. The effect of space-time (0.04–0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil) and steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) (1.5–6) on bio-oil conversion and product yields was assessed. Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyze the coke deposited on the Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst. It was found that a raise in both the space-time and the S/C Ratio contribute to increasing the H2 yield and to decreasing that of CO, CH4 and C2-C4 hydroCarbons. Catalyst deactivation is highly attenuated by raising space-time because of the lower deposition of encapsulating coke, which is directly related to the concentRation of bio-oil oxygenates in the reaction medium. Space-time does not affect the formation of filamentous coke (less responsible for deactivation). The S/C Ratio has less influence on total coke content than space time. For 700 °C, 0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil and S/C = 6, a hydrogen-rich gaseous stream (66 vol% H2) is obtained, with the H2 yield being 93% based on the bio-oil entering the catalytic reactor (or 87% based on the raw bio-oil fed into the two-step system), which decreases to 70% after 7 h time on stream as a consequence of the low catalyst deactivation.
Beatriz Valle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biomass to hydrogen rich gas via steam reforming of raw bio oil over ni la2o3 αal2o3 catalyst effect of space time and steam to Carbon Ratio
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Valle, Borja Aramburu, Pedro L Benito, Javier Bilbao, Ana G GayuboAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam reforming (SR) of the raw bio-oil was studied in a continuous two-step system, with the first unit of thermal treatment (at 500 °C) used for retaining the pyrolytic lignin. The remaining volatile stream was reformed in the second unit (fluidized bed reactor) over a Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst at 700 °C. The effect of space-time (0.04–0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil) and steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) (1.5–6) on bio-oil conversion and product yields was assessed. Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyze the coke deposited on the Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst. It was found that a raise in both the space-time and the S/C Ratio contribute to increasing the H2 yield and to decreasing that of CO, CH4 and C2-C4 hydroCarbons. Catalyst deactivation is highly attenuated by raising space-time because of the lower deposition of encapsulating coke, which is directly related to the concentRation of bio-oil oxygenates in the reaction medium. Space-time does not affect the formation of filamentous coke (less responsible for deactivation). The S/C Ratio has less influence on total coke content than space time. For 700 °C, 0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil and S/C = 6, a hydrogen-rich gaseous stream (66 vol% H2) is obtained, with the H2 yield being 93% based on the bio-oil entering the catalytic reactor (or 87% based on the raw bio-oil fed into the two-step system), which decreases to 70% after 7 h time on stream as a consequence of the low catalyst deactivation.
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biomass to hydrogen rich gas via steam reforming of raw bio oil over ni la 2 o 3 αal 2 o 3 catalyst effect of space time and steam to Carbon Ratio
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Valle, Borja Aramburu, Pedro L Benito, Ana G GayuboAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam reforming (SR) of the raw bio-oil was studied in a continuous two-step system, with the first unit of thermal treatment (at 500 °C) used for retaining the pyrolytic lignin. The remaining volatile stream was reformed in the second unit (fluidized bed reactor) over a Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst at 700 °C. The effect of space-time (0.04–0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil) and steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) (1.5–6) on bio-oil conversion and product yields was assessed. Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyze the coke deposited on the Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst. It was found that a raise in both the space-time and the S/C Ratio contribute to increasing the H2 yield and to decreasing that of CO, CH4 and C2-C4 hydroCarbons. Catalyst deactivation is highly attenuated by raising space-time because of the lower deposition of encapsulating coke, which is directly related to the concentRation of bio-oil oxygenates in the reaction medium. Space-time does not affect the formation of filamentous coke (less responsible for deactivation). The S/C Ratio has less influence on total coke content than space time. For 700 °C, 0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil and S/C = 6, a hydrogen-rich gaseous stream (66 vol% H2) is obtained, with the H2 yield being 93% based on the bio-oil entering the catalytic reactor (or 87% based on the raw bio-oil fed into the two-step system), which decreases to 70% after 7 h time on stream as a consequence of the low catalyst deactivation.
Masao Kunioka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chemical synthesis of fully biomass based poly butylene succinate from inedible biomass based furfural and evaluation of its biomass Carbon Ratio
Biomacromolecules, 2010Co-Authors: Yuya Tachibana, Takashi Masuda, Masahiro Funabashi, Masao KuniokaAbstract:We have produced fully biomass-based poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) from furfural produced from inedible agricultural cellulosic waste. Furfural was oxidized to give fumaric acid. Fumaric acid was hydrogenated under high pressure with a palladium−rhenium/Carbon catalyst to give 1,4-butanediol, and with a palladium/Carbon catalyst to give succinic acid. Dimethyl succinate was synthesized from fumaric acid by esterification and hydrogenation under normal pressure. Fully biomass-based PBS was obtained by polycondensation of biomass-based 1,4-butanediol and biomass-based succinic acid or dimethyl succinate. The biomass Carbon Ratio calculated from 14C concentRations measured by accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS) verified that the PBS obtained in this study contained only biomass Carbon. The polycondensation of biomass-based 1,4-butanediol and petroleum-based terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate gave partially biomass-based poly(butylene terephthalate), which is an engineering plastic.
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biomass Carbon Ratio of polymer composites included biomass or petroleum origin resources
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2010Co-Authors: Toru Onishi, Masahiro Funabashi, Masao Kunioka, Fumi Ninomiya, Keiichi OharaAbstract:Abstract The biomass Carbon Ratios of various polymer composites were studied. The biomass Carbon Ratios of polymer composites were estimated by the Ratios of 14C to 12C measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) based on ASTM D 6866-08. The pretreatment conditions of the polymer composite of each constituent for the AMS measurement are described. The repeatability and accuracy of the biomass Carbon Ratio evaluation by AMS for the polymer composites with an inorganic filler, which are biomass-based plastics with mineral calcium Carbonate and petroleum-based plastics with biobased calcium Carbonate, such as shell powder or an organic filler, are discussed. The standard deviation of the polymer composite was less than 1%, and it was sufficiently lower compared with the limit of the AMS measurement (0.12%). Also, the biomass Carbon Ratio of each constituent of the polymer composite including the inorganic filler was significant based on the AMS measurement by changing the pretreatment conditions.
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biomass Carbon Ratio of biomass chemicals measured by accelerator mass spectrometry
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2009Co-Authors: Masahiro Funabashi, Masao Kunioka, Fumi Ninomiya, Keiichi OharaAbstract:The biomass Carbon Ratios of various chemical products were studied. The biomass Carbon Ratios of chemicals such as polymers, their monomers, starches, cellulose, calcium Carbonate, charcoal, ethan...
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biobased contents of organic fillers and polycaprolactone composites with cellulose fillers measured by accelerator mass spectrometry based on astm d6866
Journal of Polymers and The Environment, 2007Co-Authors: Masao Kunioka, Fumi Ninomiya, Masahiro FunabashiAbstract:The biobased contents of raw materials such as starches, sugar, chitin, or wood powders for biomass plastics were measured using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) based on ASTM D6866. AMS measures the isotope Carbon Ratio of 14C to 12C and 13C in graphite derived from sample powders. The biobased contents of starches, sugar or chitin were almost 100% which means that they are fully biobased. The biobased contents of the wood powders were over 140% due to the effect of the post 1950s 14C injection due to nuclear testing. Poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) composite samples were prepared using the polymerization and direct molding method. The starting compound was the e-caprolactone monomer liquid combined with cellulose and inorganic fillers using aluminum triflate as a catalyst at 80 °C for 6 or 24 h. PCL cylinder-shaped composite samples with a homogeneously dispersed cellulose filler were prepared with Mn = 4,600 (Mw/Mn = 2.9). The biobased content of the PCL composite with 50 wt% cellulose filler (51.67%) measured using AMS was slightly higher than the Carbon Ratio of cellulose in the starting powder samples (41.3 mol%). This is due to the higher biobased content (112.70%) of the cellulose filler used in this study. The biobased content of the polymer composite powders by AMS was found not to be affected by the presence of inorganic fillers, such as talc.
Keiichi Ohara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biomass Carbon Ratio of polymer composites included biomass or petroleum origin resources
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2010Co-Authors: Toru Onishi, Masahiro Funabashi, Masao Kunioka, Fumi Ninomiya, Keiichi OharaAbstract:Abstract The biomass Carbon Ratios of various polymer composites were studied. The biomass Carbon Ratios of polymer composites were estimated by the Ratios of 14C to 12C measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) based on ASTM D 6866-08. The pretreatment conditions of the polymer composite of each constituent for the AMS measurement are described. The repeatability and accuracy of the biomass Carbon Ratio evaluation by AMS for the polymer composites with an inorganic filler, which are biomass-based plastics with mineral calcium Carbonate and petroleum-based plastics with biobased calcium Carbonate, such as shell powder or an organic filler, are discussed. The standard deviation of the polymer composite was less than 1%, and it was sufficiently lower compared with the limit of the AMS measurement (0.12%). Also, the biomass Carbon Ratio of each constituent of the polymer composite including the inorganic filler was significant based on the AMS measurement by changing the pretreatment conditions.
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biomass Carbon Ratio of biomass chemicals measured by accelerator mass spectrometry
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2009Co-Authors: Masahiro Funabashi, Masao Kunioka, Fumi Ninomiya, Keiichi OharaAbstract:The biomass Carbon Ratios of various chemical products were studied. The biomass Carbon Ratios of chemicals such as polymers, their monomers, starches, cellulose, calcium Carbonate, charcoal, ethan...
Pedro L Benito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biomass to hydrogen rich gas via steam reforming of raw bio oil over ni la2o3 αal2o3 catalyst effect of space time and steam to Carbon Ratio
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Valle, Borja Aramburu, Pedro L Benito, Javier Bilbao, Ana G GayuboAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam reforming (SR) of the raw bio-oil was studied in a continuous two-step system, with the first unit of thermal treatment (at 500 °C) used for retaining the pyrolytic lignin. The remaining volatile stream was reformed in the second unit (fluidized bed reactor) over a Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst at 700 °C. The effect of space-time (0.04–0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil) and steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) (1.5–6) on bio-oil conversion and product yields was assessed. Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyze the coke deposited on the Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst. It was found that a raise in both the space-time and the S/C Ratio contribute to increasing the H2 yield and to decreasing that of CO, CH4 and C2-C4 hydroCarbons. Catalyst deactivation is highly attenuated by raising space-time because of the lower deposition of encapsulating coke, which is directly related to the concentRation of bio-oil oxygenates in the reaction medium. Space-time does not affect the formation of filamentous coke (less responsible for deactivation). The S/C Ratio has less influence on total coke content than space time. For 700 °C, 0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil and S/C = 6, a hydrogen-rich gaseous stream (66 vol% H2) is obtained, with the H2 yield being 93% based on the bio-oil entering the catalytic reactor (or 87% based on the raw bio-oil fed into the two-step system), which decreases to 70% after 7 h time on stream as a consequence of the low catalyst deactivation.
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biomass to hydrogen rich gas via steam reforming of raw bio oil over ni la 2 o 3 αal 2 o 3 catalyst effect of space time and steam to Carbon Ratio
Fuel, 2018Co-Authors: Beatriz Valle, Borja Aramburu, Pedro L Benito, Ana G GayuboAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam reforming (SR) of the raw bio-oil was studied in a continuous two-step system, with the first unit of thermal treatment (at 500 °C) used for retaining the pyrolytic lignin. The remaining volatile stream was reformed in the second unit (fluidized bed reactor) over a Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst at 700 °C. The effect of space-time (0.04–0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil) and steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) (1.5–6) on bio-oil conversion and product yields was assessed. Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) was used to analyze the coke deposited on the Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 catalyst. It was found that a raise in both the space-time and the S/C Ratio contribute to increasing the H2 yield and to decreasing that of CO, CH4 and C2-C4 hydroCarbons. Catalyst deactivation is highly attenuated by raising space-time because of the lower deposition of encapsulating coke, which is directly related to the concentRation of bio-oil oxygenates in the reaction medium. Space-time does not affect the formation of filamentous coke (less responsible for deactivation). The S/C Ratio has less influence on total coke content than space time. For 700 °C, 0.38 gcatalysth/gbio-oil and S/C = 6, a hydrogen-rich gaseous stream (66 vol% H2) is obtained, with the H2 yield being 93% based on the bio-oil entering the catalytic reactor (or 87% based on the raw bio-oil fed into the two-step system), which decreases to 70% after 7 h time on stream as a consequence of the low catalyst deactivation.