The Experts below are selected from a list of 285 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Maria-magdalena Titirici - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Rafael Luque - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • biomass derived Carbonaceous Materials recent progress in synthetic approaches advantages and applications
    ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: Dapeng Yang, Rafael Luque, Minghuan Liu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yisong Chen, Hun Xue
    Abstract:

    Current energy shortages and environmental crises have compelled researchers to look for inexpensive and sustainable resources that can be obtained via environmentally friendly routes to produce novel functional Materials. Biomass has been identified as one of the promising candidates given its availability in large quantities and renewable nature. Among the various feasible synthetic strategies, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been admired for its energy efficiency and ability to synthesize Carbonaceous Materials for use in a wide range of applications. In this review, the different types of biomass and strategies available for the synthesis of carbon-based Materials are discussed. Furthermore, factors influencing the efficiency of each strategy are analyzed and evaluated. Subsequently, the utilization of Carbonaceous Materials in environmental, catalytic, electrical, and biological applications are reviewed to further demonstrate their functionalities across different fields.

  • CHAPTER 3:Porous Carbonaceous Materials in Catalytic Applications
    Porous Carbon Materials from Sustainable Precursors, 2015
    Co-Authors: Rick A. D. Arancon, Duncan James Macquarrie, Rafael Luque
    Abstract:

    Porous carbons constitute one of the most widely utilised type of Materials in various fields including electroanalytical chemistry, adsorbency, chromatography, sensors and catalysis due to their diverse and favourable properties that include high surface areas, the presence of functional groups in their structure/surface as well as textural and structural characteristics. The utilisation of various types of porous Carbonaceous Materials as supports in catalysis has been extensively investigated in recent years. In this contribution, we aim to provide a short overview on the possibilities of developing heterogeneous catalysts based on different porous (ordered) Carbonaceous Materials for various chemistries including acid-catalysed processes, C–C couplings, redox reactions and photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in aqueous solutions. Various families of porous Carbonaceous Materials including biomass-derived mesostructured carbons (Starbons) and ordered porous carbons will be described in line with their modification/functionalisation for applications in heterogeneous catalysis.

  • Catalytic performance of Carbonaceous Materials in the esterification of succinic acid
    Catalysis Communications, 2008
    Co-Authors: James H. Clark, Duncan James Macquarrie, Rafael Luque, Vitaly Budarin, Thomas I. J. Dugmore, Volodimir Strelko
    Abstract:

    Abstract Mesoporous Carbonaceous Materials have outstanding potential in many different applications such as adsorption, medicine and catalysis. We have recently reported the synthesis of a new form of mesoporous carbon, named Starbon ® , obtained after low temperature carbonization of expanded starch. Such starch-derived mesoporous Materials have several tunable properties including surface energies (ranging from hydrophilic to hydrophobic surfaces), which can be easily controlled by the degree of carbonization (from 200 to 700 °C). Due to the diversity of surface functional groups, Starbons ® can be easily chemically modified. Treatment of Starbon ® Materials with sulfuric acid gave a solid acid that has promising properties as heterogeneous catalyst. Comparative catalytic studies with some other similar commercial Carbonaceous Materials such as DARCO ® and NORIT ® , as well as phosphorous-containing microporous carbons, are reported.

Gerhard Soja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Assessment of Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials for Effective Removal of Radiocesium
    Key Engineering Materials, 2020
    Co-Authors: Martin Pipíška, Vladimír Frišták, Simona Ballova, Libor Ďuriška, Miroslav Horník, Stefan Demcak, Marian Holub, Gerhard Soja
    Abstract:

    Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials produced by pyrolysis process of various waste feedstocks are increasingly used in non-soil applications such as water purification tools. Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials thermochemically converted from wood chips, corn cobs, garden green waste, cherry pits, walnut shells, pine cones and municipal sewage sludge in slow pyrolysis under N2 atmosphere, were characterized by total C analysis, specific surface area, volumes of micro- and mesopores and tested in batch experiments as potential radiocesium sorption Materials. Cesium adsorption-desorption experiments were conducted using the 137Cs radioisotope. Although tested Materials significantly differ in Cs removal, Cs+ ions uptake could be attributed to the mechanisms of Freundlich surface adsorption. The highest maximum sorption capacities were reached for pine cones, wood chips and garden waste pyrogenic Materials and reached 95.9 to 126 μmol g-1. These results demonstrate suitability of selected Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials as Cs adsorbents potentially useable as reactive barriers for 137Cs contaminated effluents.

  • Monitoring of methylated naphthalenes in sludge-derived pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials
    Chemosphere, 2018
    Co-Authors: Vladimír Frišták, Haywood Dail Laughinghouse, Alena Packová, Marion Graser, Gerhard Soja
    Abstract:

    Abstract Methylated analogues of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent important environmental contaminants produced often at process of feedstock thermochemical conversion. In the present study, we determined and compared levels of 1-methylnaphtalene and 2-methylnaphtalene in municipal sewage sludge (MSS), sludge-derived pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials produced at 350 °C (PCM350) and 500 °C (PCM500) in process of slow pyrolysis. The highest extraction efficiency of both aromatic structures from MSS, PCM350 and PCM500 for toluene as extraction agent and 36 h of extraction time was revealed. The total concentrations of 1-methylnaphtalene reached values 8.7 mg/kg for MSS, 14.6 mg/kg for PCM350 and 18.1 mg/kg for PCM500.2-methylnaphtalene was quantified in concentrations 12.5 mg/kg for MSS, 19.3 mg/kg for PCM350 and 23 mg/kg for PCM500. Available levels of 1-methylnaphtalene and 2-methylnaphtalene determined by Tenax resin desorption test during 36 days showed decreasing trend in order PCM500 > PCM350 > MSS. In summary, pyrolysis treatment of sewage sludge can increase total amount of methylated PAHs in produced Carbonaceous Materials but decrease their available forms. This fact can contribute to global ecotoxicological assessment of organic pollutants in biochars and pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials applied in agronomy as soil amendments.

Magdalena Hofman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Speciation of functional groups formed on the surface of Carbonaceous Materials modified by NO
    Journal De Physique Iv, 2006
    Co-Authors: Magdalena Hofman, S. Pasieczna, Leszek Wachowski, Janusz Ryczkowski
    Abstract:

    Interactions between NO and the surface of Carbonaceous Materials characterised by different degree of coalification (brown coal and sub-bituminous coal) have been studied by FTIR-PAS in order to identify the nitrogen species formed.

  • Thermogravimetric investigations of Carbonaceous Materials -Syndiotactic polystyrene systems
    Thermochimica Acta, 2006
    Co-Authors: Leszek Wachowski, Wincenty Skupiński, Magdalena Hofman
    Abstract:

    A system of a syndiotactic polystyrene (s-PS)-Carbonaceous material, obtained as a result of syndiotactic polymerisation of styrene in the presence of Carbonaceous Materials of organic origin of different degree of coalification before and after their ammoxidation, was studied. The initial Materials were plum stone waste, brown coal and hard coal. The interactions between the system components were studied by the method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It has been found that the type of the Carbonaceous material used determines the thermal effects of the phase transitions in s-PS (detected on thermograms) and the melting point of s-PS. It has been shown that on melting of the syndiotactic polystyrene in the presence of the Carbonaceous Materials containing a relatively large number of oxide groups, the polymer oxidation reactions occur. This effect does not occur when Carbonaceous Materials with preliminary ammoxidation are applied.

  • Thermogravimetric and textural studies of modified Carbonaceous Materials
    Thermochimica Acta, 2005
    Co-Authors: Leszek Wachowski, Magdalena Hofman
    Abstract:

    Abstract Thermoanalytical (TG, DTG) and adsorption methods were applied in investigation of waste agricultural products, e.g. plum stones, which can serve as raw Materials for production of active carbon. The study was performed on three series of Carbonaceous Materials prepared from plum stones. In the first series, the raw material was subjected to ammoxidation by a mixture of NH 3 /air, carbonisation and activation by steam. In the second series, the material was carbonised, ammoxidised and activated with steam, whereas in the third series, it was carbonised and finally activated. Modification of Carbonaceous material by ammoxidation was used in order to obtain carrier material for catalysts with diverse surface properties. The above procedure allows obtaining an active carbon precursor with high density of surface nitrogen sites of Lewis basic character, which may play an important role as active sites in the catalytic processes.

Markus Antonietti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.