The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rosine W. Hall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the trade off between flood and shade tolerance a mortality episode in Carpinus caroliniana in a floodplain forest texas
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008Co-Authors: Lisa E. Mann, Paul A Harcombe, Sandra I Elsik, Rosine W. HallAbstract:Abstract Question: Is a rapid decline in abundance of a dominant species in a bottomland hardwood forest evidence for a trade-off between flood-and shade-tolerance? Location: Bottomland hardwood forest in east Texas, USA. Methods: We used 23 years of data on marked individuals to examine abundance, mortality, recruitment and growth of trees before and after a long growing season flood. Results: A decline of 47% in abundance and 49% in basal area of Carpinus caroliniana (Betulaceae) occurred between 1989 and 1994 in a bottomland hardwood forest following a long summer flood. Other major species showed little change in abundance or basal area. The Carpinus decline was greater at low elevations suggesting the importance of flooding. Carpinus is rated among the least flood-tolerant species in the system. It differs from other species of similar flood tolerance in adult stature (midstory) and shade tolerance (tolerant). Conclusions: The trade-off between flood tolerance and shade tolerance can influence dynami...
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The trade‐off between flood‐ and shade‐tolerance: A mortality episode in Carpinus caroliniana in a floodplain forest, Texas
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008Co-Authors: Lisa E. Mann, Paul A Harcombe, I Sandra Elsik, Rosine W. HallAbstract:Abstract Question: Is a rapid decline in abundance of a dominant species in a bottomland hardwood forest evidence for a trade-off between flood-and shade-tolerance? Location: Bottomland hardwood forest in east Texas, USA. Methods: We used 23 years of data on marked individuals to examine abundance, mortality, recruitment and growth of trees before and after a long growing season flood. Results: A decline of 47% in abundance and 49% in basal area of Carpinus caroliniana (Betulaceae) occurred between 1989 and 1994 in a bottomland hardwood forest following a long summer flood. Other major species showed little change in abundance or basal area. The Carpinus decline was greater at low elevations suggesting the importance of flooding. Carpinus is rated among the least flood-tolerant species in the system. It differs from other species of similar flood tolerance in adult stature (midstory) and shade tolerance (tolerant). Conclusions: The trade-off between flood tolerance and shade tolerance can influence dynami...
Lisa E. Mann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the trade off between flood and shade tolerance a mortality episode in Carpinus caroliniana in a floodplain forest texas
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008Co-Authors: Lisa E. Mann, Paul A Harcombe, Sandra I Elsik, Rosine W. HallAbstract:Abstract Question: Is a rapid decline in abundance of a dominant species in a bottomland hardwood forest evidence for a trade-off between flood-and shade-tolerance? Location: Bottomland hardwood forest in east Texas, USA. Methods: We used 23 years of data on marked individuals to examine abundance, mortality, recruitment and growth of trees before and after a long growing season flood. Results: A decline of 47% in abundance and 49% in basal area of Carpinus caroliniana (Betulaceae) occurred between 1989 and 1994 in a bottomland hardwood forest following a long summer flood. Other major species showed little change in abundance or basal area. The Carpinus decline was greater at low elevations suggesting the importance of flooding. Carpinus is rated among the least flood-tolerant species in the system. It differs from other species of similar flood tolerance in adult stature (midstory) and shade tolerance (tolerant). Conclusions: The trade-off between flood tolerance and shade tolerance can influence dynami...
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The trade‐off between flood‐ and shade‐tolerance: A mortality episode in Carpinus caroliniana in a floodplain forest, Texas
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008Co-Authors: Lisa E. Mann, Paul A Harcombe, I Sandra Elsik, Rosine W. HallAbstract:Abstract Question: Is a rapid decline in abundance of a dominant species in a bottomland hardwood forest evidence for a trade-off between flood-and shade-tolerance? Location: Bottomland hardwood forest in east Texas, USA. Methods: We used 23 years of data on marked individuals to examine abundance, mortality, recruitment and growth of trees before and after a long growing season flood. Results: A decline of 47% in abundance and 49% in basal area of Carpinus caroliniana (Betulaceae) occurred between 1989 and 1994 in a bottomland hardwood forest following a long summer flood. Other major species showed little change in abundance or basal area. The Carpinus decline was greater at low elevations suggesting the importance of flooding. Carpinus is rated among the least flood-tolerant species in the system. It differs from other species of similar flood tolerance in adult stature (midstory) and shade tolerance (tolerant). Conclusions: The trade-off between flood tolerance and shade tolerance can influence dynami...
Tomasz Goslar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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palaeohydrology fires and vegetation succession in the southern baltic during the last 7500 years reconstructed from a raised bog based on multi proxy data
Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2013Co-Authors: Mariusz Galka, Grazyna Miotkszpiganowicz, Tomasz Goslar, Marcin Jeśko, Willem Oscar Van Der Knaap, Mariusz LamentowiczAbstract:We present the first 7500 yr long multi-proxy record from a raised bog located at the southern Baltic coast, Poland. Testate amoebae, plant macrofossils, pollen and microscopic charcoal were used to reconstruct environmental changes in Pomerania (northern Poland, Kaszuby Lakeland) from a 7-m thick peat archive of Stązki bog dated 5500 BC–AD 1250. We obtained a record of proxies representing different spatial scales: regional vegetation changed simultaneously with local vegetation, and testate amoebae showed a pattern of change similar to that of pollen and plant macrofossils. On the basis of the combined proxies, we distinguished three hydroclimatic stages: moist conditions 5500–3450 BC, drier conditions with regionally increased fires up to 600 BC, and again moist conditions from 600 BC onward. During the drier interval, a first climatic shift to wetter conditions at 1700 BC is indicated by regional pollen as the replacement of Corylus by Carpinus, and locally by, e.g., the increase of Hyalosphenia elegans and mire plants such as Sphagnum sec. Cuspidata. Furthermore, we observed a correlation since 600 BC among the re-expansion of Carpinus (after a sudden decline ca. 950 BC), increased peat accumulation, increase of Hyalosphenia species, and fewer fires, suggesting lower evapotranspiration and a stable high water table in the bog. Fagus started to expand after AD 810 gradually replacing Carpinus, which was possibly due to a gradually more oceanic climate, though we cannot exclude human impact on the forests. Peat accumulation, determined by radiocarbon dating, varied with bog surface wetness. The hydroclimatic phases found in Stązki peatland are similar to moisture changes recorded in other sites from Poland and Europe. This is the first detailed record of hydroclimatic change during the Holocene in the southern Baltic region, so it forms a reference site for further studies on other southern Baltic bogs that are in progress.
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Some problems of forest transformation at the transition to the oligocratic/Homo sapiens phase of the Holocene interglacial in northern lowlands of central Europe
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2003Co-Authors: Magdalena Ralska-jasiewiczowa, Dorota Nalepka, Tomasz GoslarAbstract:The paper discusses the main changes in the composition of mixed deciduous forests which occurred mostly between 5,000 and 2,000 b.p., based on selected pollen diagrams from the lowlands of Germany, Denmark and Poland, and including two pollen diagrams from varved sediments, used as reference sites, and on isopollen maps for Poland. The Ulmus retreat is shown on maps, and additional data for its pathogenic origin are presented. Corylus declines at ca. 3,500 b.p. at both reference sites, and its connection with Fagus expansion in the west and Carpinus expansion in the east is discussed. The nature of post-Atlantic transitory shrub–forest communities with dominant Corylus and Quercus is presented. Relationships between the history of Fagus and Carpinus and the development of human settlements are shown. Human impact has been admitted as one of the most important driving forces determining vegetational development since the time of fully developed Neolithic cultures. Other very important abiotic factors were the climate (particularly after 2,500 b.p. ), and soil degradation.
Maximilian Weigend - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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No taxon left behind? – a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae)
European journal of taxonomy, 2017Co-Authors: Norbert Holstein, Maximilian WeigendAbstract:Hornbeams ( Carpinus ) and hop-hornbeams ( Ostrya ) are trees or large shrubs from the northern hemisphere. Currently, 43 species of Carpinus (58 taxa including subdivisions) and 8 species of Ostrya (9 taxa including sudivisions) are recognized. These are based on 175 (plus 16 Latin basionyms of cultivars) and 21 legitimate basionyms, respectively. We present an updated checklist with publication details and type information for all accepted names and the vast majority of synonyms of Carpinus and Ostrya , including the designation of 54 lectotypes and two neotypes. Cultivars are listed if validly described under the rules of the ICN. Furthermore, we consider Carpinus hwai Hu & W.C.Cheng to be a synonym of Carpinus fargesiana var. ovalifolia (H.J.P.Winkl.) Holstein & Weigend comb. nov . During the course of our work, we found 30 legitimate basionyms of non-cultivars that have been consistently overlooked since their original descriptions, when compared with the latest checklists and floristic treatments. As regional floras are highly important for taxonomic practice, we investigated the number of overlooked names and found that 78 basionyms were omitted at least once in the eight regional treatments surveyed. More seriously, we found 4 basionyms of accepted species being overlooked in a major floristic treatment.
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no taxon left behind a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and ostrya coryloideae betulaceae
European journal of taxonomy, 2017Co-Authors: Norbert Holstein, Maximilian WeigendAbstract:Hornbeams ( Carpinus ) and hop-hornbeams ( Ostrya ) are trees or large shrubs from the northern hemisphere. Currently, 43 species of Carpinus (58 taxa including subdivisions) and 8 species of Ostrya (9 taxa including sudivisions) are recognized. These are based on 175 (plus 16 Latin basionyms of cultivars) and 21 legitimate basionyms, respectively. We present an updated checklist with publication details and type information for all accepted names and the vast majority of synonyms of Carpinus and Ostrya , including the designation of 54 lectotypes and two neotypes. Cultivars are listed if validly described under the rules of the ICN. Furthermore, we consider Carpinus hwai Hu & W.C.Cheng to be a synonym of Carpinus fargesiana var. ovalifolia (H.J.P.Winkl.) Holstein & Weigend comb. nov . During the course of our work, we found 30 legitimate basionyms of non-cultivars that have been consistently overlooked since their original descriptions, when compared with the latest checklists and floristic treatments. As regional floras are highly important for taxonomic practice, we investigated the number of overlooked names and found that 78 basionyms were omitted at least once in the eight regional treatments surveyed. More seriously, we found 4 basionyms of accepted species being overlooked in a major floristic treatment.
Jun Wen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phylogeny of Carpinus and subfamily Coryloideae (Betulaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal sequence data
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2007Co-Authors: Ki Oug Yoo, Jun WenAbstract:Phylogenetic studies were conducted for Carpinus and the subfamily Coryloideae (Betulaceae) using sequences of the chloroplast matK gene, the trnL-trnF region (trnL intron, and trnL [UAA] 3' exon-trnF [GAA] intergenic spacer) and the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer, and the nuclear ribosomal ITS regions. The combined analyses of the three chloroplast regions suggest that Coryloideae is monophyletic; Ostryopsis is sister to the Carpinus - Ostrya clade; Corylus is monophyletic and sister to the Ostrya - Carpinus - Ostryopsis clade; Ostrya is paraphyletic; and within Carpinus, species of sect. Carpinus from eastern Asia form a monophyletic group, whereas the positions of C. betulus from Europe and C. caroliniana from eastern North America are unresolved within the Carpinus clade. The cpDNA tree generated in this study is largely congruent with the previously published ITS results, but the ITS tree places Carpinus sect. Distegocarpus as sister to the Ostrya - Carpinus sect. Carpinus clade. Future work is needed to examine the relationships within the Ostrya - Carpinus clade, evaluate the generic status of Ostrya, and test the phylogenetic position of Ostryopsis.
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PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF Carpinus AND SUBFAMILY CORYLOIDEAE (BETULACEAE)
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2002Co-Authors: Ki Oug Yoo, Jun WenAbstract:Sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and morphology were employed to construct the phylogeny for Carpinus and the subfamily Coryloideae (Betulaceae). Both the ITS data and the analysis using 23 morphological characters suggest that Corylus is monophyletic and basally branching within the subfamily Coryloideae; Ostryopsis is sister to the clade of Carpinus and Ostrya; Carpinus sect. Carpinus is monophyletic; and Carpinus sect. Distegocarpus is paraphyletic. Results from the two data sets differ mainly in the relative position of Ostrya and the placements of species within Carpinus. Ostrya is placed between Carpinus sect. Distegocarpus and sect. Carpinus in the ITS tree, whereas Carpinus is monophyletic (bootstrap value of 55%) in the morphological data. The phylogenetic results indicate a generalized biogeographic track between southeastern Europe and eastern Asia. This track is found in two clades of Carpinus and one clade of Ostrya. Carpinus also shows a biogeograp...