The Experts below are selected from a list of 112443 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ricard V Sole - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthetic Soil crusts against green desert transitions a spatial model
Royal Society Open Science, 2020Co-Authors: Blai Vidiella, Josep Sardanyes, Ricard V SoleAbstract:Semiarid ecosystems are threatened by global warming due to longer dehydration times and increasing Soil Degradation. Mounting evidence indicates that, given the current trends, drylands are likely...
Thomas Guillaume - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Degradation in oil palm and rubber plantations under land resource scarcity
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Thomas Guillaume, Anna Mareike Holtkamp, Muhammad Damris, Bernhard Brummer, Yakov KuzyakovAbstract:Abstract Tropical regions, such as Sumatra, experiencing extensive transformation of natural ecosystems, are close to complete exhaustion of available land. Agroecosystems strongly modify water and nutrient cycles, leading to losses of Soil fertility, C sequestration and biodiversity. Although large companies are the main drivers of deforestation and plantation establishment, smallholders account for 40% of the oil palm and the majority of the rubber production in Indonesia. Here, we assess the extent and mechanisms of Soil Degradation under smallholder oil palm and rubber plantations in a context of land scarcity. The topSoil properties (C and N contents, C stocks, C/N ratio, bulk density) in 207 oil palm and rubber plantations in the Jambi province of Sumatra were determined beside trees, inside rows and interrows. Soils under oil palms were on average more degraded than under rubber, showing lower C content and stocks, lower N and higher bulk density. While Soil properties were homogenous under rubber, two opposite trends were observed under oil palm plantations: the majority of Soils had C content 9% C. This resulted from the establishment of oil palms under conditions of land scarcity. Because the oil palm boom started when rubber was already well-established, oil palms were frequently planted in marginal areas, such as peatlands or riparian areas (high C) or Soils degraded by previous use (low C). The management of oil palms led to subsequent Soil Degradation, especially in interrows: C content decreased and bulk density increased in older oil palm plantations. This was not observed in rubber plantations because of a C input from leaf litter spread homogeneously all over the plantation, higher ground cover and a limited use of motorized vehicles. Considering that 10% of Soils under oil palms had very low C content (
Blai Vidiella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthetic Soil crusts against green desert transitions a spatial model
Royal Society Open Science, 2020Co-Authors: Blai Vidiella, Josep Sardanyes, Ricard V SoleAbstract:Semiarid ecosystems are threatened by global warming due to longer dehydration times and increasing Soil Degradation. Mounting evidence indicates that, given the current trends, drylands are likely...
Yakov Kuzyakov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Degradation in oil palm and rubber plantations under land resource scarcity
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Thomas Guillaume, Anna Mareike Holtkamp, Muhammad Damris, Bernhard Brummer, Yakov KuzyakovAbstract:Abstract Tropical regions, such as Sumatra, experiencing extensive transformation of natural ecosystems, are close to complete exhaustion of available land. Agroecosystems strongly modify water and nutrient cycles, leading to losses of Soil fertility, C sequestration and biodiversity. Although large companies are the main drivers of deforestation and plantation establishment, smallholders account for 40% of the oil palm and the majority of the rubber production in Indonesia. Here, we assess the extent and mechanisms of Soil Degradation under smallholder oil palm and rubber plantations in a context of land scarcity. The topSoil properties (C and N contents, C stocks, C/N ratio, bulk density) in 207 oil palm and rubber plantations in the Jambi province of Sumatra were determined beside trees, inside rows and interrows. Soils under oil palms were on average more degraded than under rubber, showing lower C content and stocks, lower N and higher bulk density. While Soil properties were homogenous under rubber, two opposite trends were observed under oil palm plantations: the majority of Soils had C content 9% C. This resulted from the establishment of oil palms under conditions of land scarcity. Because the oil palm boom started when rubber was already well-established, oil palms were frequently planted in marginal areas, such as peatlands or riparian areas (high C) or Soils degraded by previous use (low C). The management of oil palms led to subsequent Soil Degradation, especially in interrows: C content decreased and bulk density increased in older oil palm plantations. This was not observed in rubber plantations because of a C input from leaf litter spread homogeneously all over the plantation, higher ground cover and a limited use of motorized vehicles. Considering that 10% of Soils under oil palms had very low C content (
Jiři Kapicka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of Soil Degradation by erosion based on analysis of Soil properties using aerial hyperspectral images and ancillary data czech republic
Remote Sensing, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel Žížala, Tereza Zádorová, Jiři KapickaAbstract:The assessment of the Soil redistribution and real long-term Soil Degradation due to erosion on agriculture land is still insufficient in spite of being essential for Soil conservation policy. Imaging spectroscopy has been recognized as a suitable tool for Soil erosion assessment in recent years. In our study, we bring an approach for assessment of Soil Degradation by erosion by means of determining Soil erosion classes representing Soils differently influenced by erosion impact. The adopted methods include extensive field sampling, laboratory analysis, predictive modelling of selected Soil surface properties using aerial hyperspectral data and the digital elevation model and fuzzy classification. Different multivariate regression techniques (Partial Least Square, Support Vector Machine, Random forest and Artificial neural network) were applied in the predictive modelling of Soil properties. The properties with satisfying performance (R2 > 0.5) were used as input data in erosion classes determination by fuzzy C-means classification method. The study was performed at four study sites about 1 km2 large representing the most extensive Soil units of the agricultural land in the Czech Republic (Chernozems and Luvisols on loess and Cambisols and Stagnosols on crystalline rocks). The influence of site-specific conditions on prediction of Soil properties and classification of erosion classes was assessed. The prediction accuracy (R2) of the best performing models predicting the Soil properties varies in range 0.8–0.91 for Soil organic carbon content, 0.21–0.67 for sand content, 0.4–0.92 for silt content, 0.38–0.89 for clay content, 0.73–089 for Feox, 0.59–0.78 for Fed and 0.82 for CaCO3. The performance and suitability of different properties for erosion classes’ classification are highly variable at the study sites. Soil organic carbon was the most frequently used as the erosion classes’ predictor, while the textural classes showed lower applicability. The presented approach was successfully applied in Chernozem and Luvisol loess regions where the erosion classes were assessed with a good overall accuracy (82% and 67%, respectively). The model performance in two Cambisol/Stagnosol regions was rather poor (51%–52%). The results showed that the presented method can be directly and with a good performance applied in pedologically and geologically homogeneous areas. The sites with heterogeneous structure of the Soil cover and parent material will require more precise local-fitted models and use of further auxiliary information such as terrain or geological data. The future application of presented approach at a regional scale promises to produce valuable data on actual Soil Degradation by erosion usable for Soil conservation policy purposes.
