The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Ole Mertz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • rush for Cash Crops and forest protection neither land sparing nor land sharing
    Land Use Policy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Thoumthone Vongvisouk, Rikke Brand Oegaard, Ole Mertz, Sithong Thongmanivong
    Abstract:

    In many countries with large tracts of tropical forests, there is a dual focus on enhancing forest protection and increasing commercial agriculture for economic development. Laos is a case in point for this development as the Government of Laos (GoL) has a strong commitment to economic growth, which rural farmers in part help realize through a rush for Cash crop production destined to be sold in neighboring countries. Maize cultivation, for example, is rapidly expanding and grown under a contract-farming system for Vietnamese markets. At the same time, GoL attempts to increase nationwide forest cover and prepares for REDD+ (reducing deforestation and forest degradation). This paper explores how the recent boom in Cash Crops is impacting land use and livelihoods of local communities, as well as affecting forest conservation in Hua Meuang District of Huaphan Province in northeastern Laos. We also examine how local authorities react to these changes and navigate the contradicting policies. Furthermore, the paper analyzes to what extent the land sparing intention of land- and forest-land allocation policies are fulfilled. We found that the production of maize has rapidly expanded in Hua Meuang District since the mid-2000s as a result of high demands for maize in Vietnam and because local authorities see the crop as a way to reduce rural poverty and reduce traditional subsistence shifting cultivation practices. Communities have increased the areas that they dedicate to maize cultivation and have achieved an increase in both income and household assets. Maize has replaced upland rice cultivation as well as primary and secondary forests. Although the government policies aim to spare land for forest conservation by intensifying agriculture, the result is rapid agricultural expansion and no spared forest. Moreover, the traditional land-sharing landscapes with forest, fallows, and fields are being transformed, creating landscapes that are increasingly dominated by agriculture. This may still be in line with economic development policies, but it is at odds with forest conservation policies, REDD+ policies, and the GoL target of increasing forest cover in the country.

  • local land use strategies in a globalizing world subsistence farming Cash Crops and income diversification
    Agricultural Systems, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ole Mertz, Reed L Wadley, Andreas Egelund Christensen
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper introduces the special issue, which deals with local rural people’s responses to external and internal pressures brought about by global change processes. The contributions are grouped in three categories: (1) Deforestation, land use change and local management systems, including papers on the spread of an alien wattle species in South Africa, large scale forest conservation and rehabilitation in China and consequences of government efforts to reverse deforestation in Indonesia; (2) Subsistence farming and Cash crop interaction, addressed by two articles on swidden systems in Malaysia and Indonesia; and (3) Land use change and income diversification, which includes two contributions on changing livelihoods of farmers in Tanzania and Papua New Guinea and one paper developing a method for identifying and mapping the spatial distribution of farming systems in Vietnam. All articles were originally presented at an International Conference in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2003, under the auspices of the Danish University Consortium on Environment and Development - Sustainable Land Use and Natural Resource Management (DUCED SLUSE).

  • local land use strategies in a globalizing world subsistence farming Cash Crops and income diversification
    Agricultural Systems, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ole Mertz, Reed L Wadley, Andreas Egelund Christense
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper introduces the special issue, which deals with local rural people’s responses to external and internal pressures brought about by global change processes. The contributions are grouped in three categories: (1) Deforestation, land use change and local management systems, including papers on the spread of an alien wattle species in South Africa, large scale forest conservation and rehabilitation in China and consequences of government efforts to reverse deforestation in Indonesia; (2) Subsistence farming and Cash crop interaction, addressed by two articles on swidden systems in Malaysia and Indonesia; and (3) Land use change and income diversification, which includes two contributions on changing livelihoods of farmers in Tanzania and Papua New Guinea and one paper developing a method for identifying and mapping the spatial distribution of farming systems in Vietnam. All articles were originally presented at an International Conference in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2003, under the auspices of the Danish University Consortium on Environment and Development - Sustainable Land Use and Natural Resource Management (DUCED SLUSE).

Clifto Sabajo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • expansion of oil palm and other Cash Crops causes an increase of the land surface temperature in the jambi province in indonesia
    Biogeosciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Clifto Sabajo, Guerric Le Maire, Tania June, Ana Meijide, Olivie Roupsard, Alexande Knohl
    Abstract:

    Abstract. Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of land surface worldwide related to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops replacing forests on large scales. Land cover changes, which modify land surface properties, have a direct effect on the land surface temperature (LST), a key driver for many ecological functions. Despite the large historic land transformation in Indonesia toward oil palm and other Cash Crops and governmental plans for future expansion, this is the first study so far to quantify the impacts of land transformation on the LST in Indonesia. We analyze LST from the thermal band of a Landsat image and produce a high-resolution surface temperature map (30 m) for the lowlands of the Jambi province in Sumatra (Indonesia), a region which suffered large land transformation towards oil palm and other Cash Crops over the past decades. The comparison of LST, albedo, normalized differenced vegetation index (NDVI) and evapotranspiration (ET) between seven different land cover types (forest, urban areas, clear-cut land, young and mature oil palm plantations, acacia and rubber plantations) shows that forests have lower surface temperatures than the other land cover types, indicating a local warming effect after forest conversion. LST differences were up to 10.1 ± 2.6 °C (mean ± SD) between forest and clear-cut land. The differences in surface temperatures are explained by an evaporative cooling effect, which offsets the albedo warming effect. Our analysis of the LST trend of the past 16 years based on MODIS data shows that the average daytime surface temperature in the Jambi province increased by 1.05 °C, which followed the trend of observed land cover changes and exceeded the effects of climate warming. This study provides evidence that the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops leads to changes in biophysical variables, warming the land surface and thus enhancing the increase of the air temperature because of climate change.

  • expansion of oil palm and other Cash Crops causes an increase of land surface temperature in indonesia
    Biogeosciences Discussions, 2017
    Co-Authors: Clifto Sabajo, Guerric Le Maire, Tania June, Ana Meijide, Olivie Roupsard, Alexande Knohl
    Abstract:

    Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of the land surface worldwide due to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops replacing forests on large scales. Land cover changes, which modify land surface properties, have a direct effect on the land surface temperature (LST), a key driver for many ecological functions. Despite the large historic land transformation in Indonesia toward oil palm and other Cash Crops and governmental plans for future expansion, this is the first study so far to quantify the impact of land transformation in Indonesia on LST. We analyse LST from the thermal band of a Landsat image and produce a high resolution surface temperature map (30 m) for the lowlands of the Jambi province on Sumatra (Indonesia), a region of large land transformation towards oil palm and other Cash Crops over the past decades. We compare LST, albedo, Normalized Differenced Vegetation Index (NDVI), and evapotranspiration (ET) of seven different land cover types (forest, urban areas, clear cut land, young and mature oil palm plantations, acacia and rubber plantations) and show that forests have lower surface temperatures than these land cover types indicating a local warming effect after forest conversion with LST differences up to 10.09 ± 2.6 oC (mean ± SD) between forest and clear cut land. The differences in surface temperatures are explained by an evaporative cooling effect offsetting an albedo warming effect. Our analysis of the LST trend of the past 16 years based on MODIS data shows that the average daytime surface temperature of the Jambi province increased by 1.05 oC, which followed the trend of observed land cover changes and exceed the effects of climate warming. Our study provides evidence that the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops leads to changes in biophysical variables, warming the land surface and thus enhancing the increase in air temperature due to climate change.

Alexande Knohl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • expansion of oil palm and other Cash Crops causes an increase of the land surface temperature in the jambi province in indonesia
    Biogeosciences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Clifto Sabajo, Guerric Le Maire, Tania June, Ana Meijide, Olivie Roupsard, Alexande Knohl
    Abstract:

    Abstract. Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of land surface worldwide related to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops replacing forests on large scales. Land cover changes, which modify land surface properties, have a direct effect on the land surface temperature (LST), a key driver for many ecological functions. Despite the large historic land transformation in Indonesia toward oil palm and other Cash Crops and governmental plans for future expansion, this is the first study so far to quantify the impacts of land transformation on the LST in Indonesia. We analyze LST from the thermal band of a Landsat image and produce a high-resolution surface temperature map (30 m) for the lowlands of the Jambi province in Sumatra (Indonesia), a region which suffered large land transformation towards oil palm and other Cash Crops over the past decades. The comparison of LST, albedo, normalized differenced vegetation index (NDVI) and evapotranspiration (ET) between seven different land cover types (forest, urban areas, clear-cut land, young and mature oil palm plantations, acacia and rubber plantations) shows that forests have lower surface temperatures than the other land cover types, indicating a local warming effect after forest conversion. LST differences were up to 10.1 ± 2.6 °C (mean ± SD) between forest and clear-cut land. The differences in surface temperatures are explained by an evaporative cooling effect, which offsets the albedo warming effect. Our analysis of the LST trend of the past 16 years based on MODIS data shows that the average daytime surface temperature in the Jambi province increased by 1.05 °C, which followed the trend of observed land cover changes and exceeded the effects of climate warming. This study provides evidence that the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops leads to changes in biophysical variables, warming the land surface and thus enhancing the increase of the air temperature because of climate change.

  • expansion of oil palm and other Cash Crops causes an increase of land surface temperature in indonesia
    Biogeosciences Discussions, 2017
    Co-Authors: Clifto Sabajo, Guerric Le Maire, Tania June, Ana Meijide, Olivie Roupsard, Alexande Knohl
    Abstract:

    Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of the land surface worldwide due to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops replacing forests on large scales. Land cover changes, which modify land surface properties, have a direct effect on the land surface temperature (LST), a key driver for many ecological functions. Despite the large historic land transformation in Indonesia toward oil palm and other Cash Crops and governmental plans for future expansion, this is the first study so far to quantify the impact of land transformation in Indonesia on LST. We analyse LST from the thermal band of a Landsat image and produce a high resolution surface temperature map (30 m) for the lowlands of the Jambi province on Sumatra (Indonesia), a region of large land transformation towards oil palm and other Cash Crops over the past decades. We compare LST, albedo, Normalized Differenced Vegetation Index (NDVI), and evapotranspiration (ET) of seven different land cover types (forest, urban areas, clear cut land, young and mature oil palm plantations, acacia and rubber plantations) and show that forests have lower surface temperatures than these land cover types indicating a local warming effect after forest conversion with LST differences up to 10.09 ± 2.6 oC (mean ± SD) between forest and clear cut land. The differences in surface temperatures are explained by an evaporative cooling effect offsetting an albedo warming effect. Our analysis of the LST trend of the past 16 years based on MODIS data shows that the average daytime surface temperature of the Jambi province increased by 1.05 oC, which followed the trend of observed land cover changes and exceed the effects of climate warming. Our study provides evidence that the expansion of oil palm plantations and other Cash Crops leads to changes in biophysical variables, warming the land surface and thus enhancing the increase in air temperature due to climate change.

Andreas Egelund Christensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • local land use strategies in a globalizing world subsistence farming Cash Crops and income diversification
    Agricultural Systems, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ole Mertz, Reed L Wadley, Andreas Egelund Christensen
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper introduces the special issue, which deals with local rural people’s responses to external and internal pressures brought about by global change processes. The contributions are grouped in three categories: (1) Deforestation, land use change and local management systems, including papers on the spread of an alien wattle species in South Africa, large scale forest conservation and rehabilitation in China and consequences of government efforts to reverse deforestation in Indonesia; (2) Subsistence farming and Cash crop interaction, addressed by two articles on swidden systems in Malaysia and Indonesia; and (3) Land use change and income diversification, which includes two contributions on changing livelihoods of farmers in Tanzania and Papua New Guinea and one paper developing a method for identifying and mapping the spatial distribution of farming systems in Vietnam. All articles were originally presented at an International Conference in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2003, under the auspices of the Danish University Consortium on Environment and Development - Sustainable Land Use and Natural Resource Management (DUCED SLUSE).

Andreas Egelund Christense - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • local land use strategies in a globalizing world subsistence farming Cash Crops and income diversification
    Agricultural Systems, 2005
    Co-Authors: Ole Mertz, Reed L Wadley, Andreas Egelund Christense
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper introduces the special issue, which deals with local rural people’s responses to external and internal pressures brought about by global change processes. The contributions are grouped in three categories: (1) Deforestation, land use change and local management systems, including papers on the spread of an alien wattle species in South Africa, large scale forest conservation and rehabilitation in China and consequences of government efforts to reverse deforestation in Indonesia; (2) Subsistence farming and Cash crop interaction, addressed by two articles on swidden systems in Malaysia and Indonesia; and (3) Land use change and income diversification, which includes two contributions on changing livelihoods of farmers in Tanzania and Papua New Guinea and one paper developing a method for identifying and mapping the spatial distribution of farming systems in Vietnam. All articles were originally presented at an International Conference in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2003, under the auspices of the Danish University Consortium on Environment and Development - Sustainable Land Use and Natural Resource Management (DUCED SLUSE).