The Experts below are selected from a list of 10641 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
K. Kishor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Performance of copper coated two stroke spark ignition engine with methanol-blended gasoline with Catalytic Converter
Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2012Co-Authors: M.v.s. Murali Krishna, K. Kishor, Psn Murthy, A.v.s.s.k.s. Gupta, S. Narasimha KumarAbstract:This paper reports performance evaluation of two-stroke, single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine with methanol blended gasoline (80% gasoline, 20% methanol by volume) having copper coated engine (CCE) [copper (thickness, 300 μm) coated on piston crown, and inner side of cylinder head] provided with Catalytic Converter with sponge iron as catalyst and compared with conventional SI engine with gasoline operation. Brake thermal efficiency increased with methanol blended gasoline with both versions of the engine. CCE showed improved performance when compared to conventional engine (CE) with both test fuels. Catalytic Converter with air injection significantly reduced pollutants with both test fuels on both configurations of the engine.
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Performance of copper coated spark ignition engine with methanol-blended gasoline with Catalytic Converter
Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 2008Co-Authors: M.v.s. Murali Krishna, K. KishorAbstract:This paper reports performance evaluation of four-stroke, single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine with methanol blended gasoline (20% methanol, 80% gasoline, by vol) having copper coated engine [copper (thickness, 300 1/4) coated on piston crown and inner side of cylinder head] provided with Catalytic Converter with sponge iron as catalyst and compared with conventional SI engine with gasoline operation. Brake thermal efficiency increased with methanol blended gasoline with both engine types. Copper-coated engine showed improved performance than conventional engine with both test fuels. Catalytic Converter with air injection significantly reduced pollutants with both test fuels on both engine types.
M.v.s. Murali Krishna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Performance of copper coated two stroke spark ignition engine with methanol-blended gasoline with Catalytic Converter
Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2012Co-Authors: M.v.s. Murali Krishna, K. Kishor, Psn Murthy, A.v.s.s.k.s. Gupta, S. Narasimha KumarAbstract:This paper reports performance evaluation of two-stroke, single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine with methanol blended gasoline (80% gasoline, 20% methanol by volume) having copper coated engine (CCE) [copper (thickness, 300 μm) coated on piston crown, and inner side of cylinder head] provided with Catalytic Converter with sponge iron as catalyst and compared with conventional SI engine with gasoline operation. Brake thermal efficiency increased with methanol blended gasoline with both versions of the engine. CCE showed improved performance when compared to conventional engine (CE) with both test fuels. Catalytic Converter with air injection significantly reduced pollutants with both test fuels on both configurations of the engine.
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Performance of copper coated spark ignition engine with methanol-blended gasoline with Catalytic Converter
Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 2008Co-Authors: M.v.s. Murali Krishna, K. KishorAbstract:This paper reports performance evaluation of four-stroke, single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine with methanol blended gasoline (20% methanol, 80% gasoline, by vol) having copper coated engine [copper (thickness, 300 1/4) coated on piston crown and inner side of cylinder head] provided with Catalytic Converter with sponge iron as catalyst and compared with conventional SI engine with gasoline operation. Brake thermal efficiency increased with methanol blended gasoline with both engine types. Copper-coated engine showed improved performance than conventional engine with both test fuels. Catalytic Converter with air injection significantly reduced pollutants with both test fuels on both engine types.
A. K. M. Mohiuddin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of Catalytic Converter Using Non-Precious Metals
Advanced Materials Research, 2015Co-Authors: A. K. M. MohiuddinAbstract:This paper shows the uses of low cost metal for the development of Catalytic Converters. While bringing down the cost, attention must be paid on the performance capability of the Catalytic Converter. The objective of this work is to develop and design a low cost Catalytic Converter using copper as the main catalyst in the catalyst system. Copper powder was chosen as the alternative catalyst to reduce the use of precious group metals (PGMs) platinum, palladium, and rhodium. A spark ignition engine’s Catalytic Converter has to perform the oxidation of CO, oxidation of HC and reduction of NOx simultaneously in order to satisfy its performance requirement. These three chemical reactions are taking place simultaneously in a three way Catalytic Converter. To investigate the chemical kinetics and fluid flow characteristics of a Catalytic Converter, simulations have been carried out using COMSOL. From COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS, Catalytic Converter’s velocity field and pressure distribution have been simulated. From COMSOL REACTION ENGINEERING LAB, NO and CO concentration from a Catalytic Converter kinetics model have been plotted. NO and CO conversion for different air to fuel ratio had shown that for rich mixture, NO reduction reaches its maximum but CO oxidation is at its minimum. In lean mixture, CO oxidation is at its maximum but NO reduction is at its minimum. Simulations have shown the actual characteristics of the Catalytic Converter performance. The flow throughout Catalytic Converter and the backpressure have successfully determined and the catalyst conversion efficiency also shown clearly.
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Development of Catalytic Converter using low cost metal
2014Co-Authors: A. K. M. MohiuddinAbstract:This paper discusses the uses of low cost metal for the development of Catalytic Converters. While bringing down the cost, attention must be paid on the performance capability of the Catalytic Converter. The objective of this work is to develop and design a low cost Catalytic Converter using copper as the main catalyst in the catalyst system. Copper powder was chosen as the alternative catalyst to reduce the use of precious group metals (PGMs) platinum, palladium, and rhodium. A spark ignition engine’s Catalytic Converter has to perform the oxidation of CO, oxidation of HC and reduction of NOx simultaneously in order to satisfy its performance requirement. These three chemical reactions are taking place simultaneously in a three way Catalytic Converter. To investigate the chemical kinetics and fluid flow characteristics of a Catalytic Converter, simulations have been carried out using COMSOL. From COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS, Catalytic Converter’s velocity field and pressure distribution have been simulated. From COMSOL REACTION ENGINEERING LAB, NO and CO concentration from a Catalytic Converter kinetics model have been plotted. NO and CO conversion for different air to fuel ratio had shown that for rich mixture, NO reduction reaches its maximum but CO oxidation is at its minimum. In lean mixture, CO oxidation is at its maximum but NO reduction is at its minimum. Simulations have shown the actual characteristics of the Catalytic Converter performance. The flow throughout Catalytic Converter and the backpressure have successfully determined and the catalyst conversion efficiency also shown clearly.
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Investigation of non-precious metals for the development of low cost Catalytic Converter
2011Co-Authors: A. K. M. Mohiuddin, Mohammed Ataur RahmanAbstract:This paper discusses the uses of non-precious metals in Catalytic Converters to bring down the cost without sacrificing the performance capability. Copper powder and nickel catalyst were chosen as the alternative catalysts to reduce the use of precious group metals (PGMs) platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Simulation by COMSOL has shown that Nickel and copper were very effective in reducing NOx during rich condition of air-fuel mixture while oxidizing CO and HC during lean condition. Simulations using FLUENT and COMSOL have shown the actual characteristics of the Catalytic Converter performance. The flow throughout Catalytic Converter and the backpressure have successfully determined. Furthermore, catalyst conversion efficiency also has been shown clearly. On the other hands, the experimental results have excellently validated the simulation results in terms of the nature and trends of the Catalytic Converter performance as well as its efficiency. Catalyst distribution and application of the non-zoning monolith substrates have further contributes to cut down the production cost. It was found that the low cost Catalytic Converter was able to meet the EURO 2 emission regulation control and has optimum backpressure at full throttle.
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Investigation of non-precious metals for the development of low cost Catalytic Converter
2011Co-Authors: A. K. M. Mohiuddin, Mohammed Ataur RahmanAbstract:This paper discusses the uses of non-precious metals in Catalytic Converters to bring down the cost without sacrificing the performance capability. Copper powder and nickel catalyst were chosen as the alternative catalysts to reduce the use of precious group metals (PGMs) platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Simulation by COMSOL has shown that Nickel and copper were very effective in reducing NOx during rich condition of air-fuel mixture while oxidizing CO and HC during lean condition. Simulations using FLUENT and COMSOL have shown the actual characteristics of the Catalytic Converter performance. The flow throughout Catalytic Converter and the backpressure have successfully determined. Furthermore, catalyst conversion efficiency also has been shown clearly. On the other hands, the experimental results have excellently validated the simulation results in terms of the nature and trends of the Catalytic Converter performance as well as its efficiency. Catalyst distribution and application of the non-zoning monolith substrates have further contributes to cut down the production cost. It was found that the low cost Catalytic Converter was able to meet the EURO 2 emission regulation control and has optimum backpressure at full throttle.
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Development of low cost Catalytic Converter from non-precious metals
2011Co-Authors: A. K. M. MohiuddinAbstract:The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the uses of non-precious metals for the development Catalytic Converters. Copper powder and nickel catalyst were chosen as the alternative catalysts to reduce the use of precious group metals (PGMs) platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Simulation by COMSOL has shmcvTI that Nickel and copper were very effective in reducing NOx during rich condition of air-fuel mixture while oxidizing CO and HC during lean condition. Simulations using FLUENT and COMSOL have sho\m the actual characteristics of the Catalytic Converter performance. The flow throughout Catalytic Converter and the backpressure have successfully determined. Furthermore, catalyst conversion efficiency also has been shown clearly. On the other hands, the experimental results have excellently validated the simulation results in terms of the nature and trends of the Catalytic Converter performance as well as its efficiency. Catalyst distribution and application of the non-zoning monolith substrates have further contributes to cut do'-"n the production cost.
Can Cinar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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artificial neural network based modeling of heated Catalytic Converter performance
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2005Co-Authors: Ali M Akcayol, Can CinarAbstract:Abstract Catalytic Converters are the most effective means of reducing pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines under normal operating conditions. But the future emission requirements cannot be met by three way catalysts (TWC) as they cannot effectively remove hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from the outlet of internal combustion engines in the cold-start phase. Therefore, significant efforts have been put in improving the cold-start behavior of Catalytic Converters. In the experimental study, to improve cold-start performance of Catalytic Converter for HC and CO, a burner heated catalyst (BHC) has been tested in a four stroke, spark ignition engine. The modeling of Catalytic Converter performance of the engine during cold start is a difficult task. It involves complicated heat transfer and processes and chemical reactions at both the Catalytic Converter and exhaust pipe. In this study, to overcome these difficulties, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used for prediction of catalyst temperature, HC emissions and CO emissions. The training data for ANN is obtained from experimental measurements. In comparison of performance analysis of ANN, the deviation coefficients of standard and heated catalyst temperature, standard and heated catalyst HC emissions, and standard and heated catalyst CO emissions for the test conditions are less than 4.925%, 1.602%, 4.798%, 4.926%, 4.82% and 4.938%, respectively. The statistical coefficient of multiple determinations for the investigated cases is about 0.9984–0.9997. The degree of accuracy is acceptable in predicting the parameters of the system. So, it can be concluded that ANN provides a feasible method in predicting the system parameters.
Olle Jerker Ramnäs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life cycle assessment of a Catalytic Converter for passenger cars
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2001Co-Authors: Wathanyu Amatayakul, Olle Jerker RamnäsAbstract:A life cycle assessment of a typical ceramic three-way Catalytic Converter manufactured for a Swedish passenger car is performed. The environmental impacts occurring in the life cycle of a Catalytic Converter, encompassing the extraction of raw materials, production of a Catalytic Converter, use phase, etc. are assessed. They are compared with the environmental benefits assessed throughout an average service lifetime of a Catalytic Converter. Inventory data show that several significant environmental impacts occur in the life cycle and are related to mining and production of the Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) used as the Catalytic elements as well as to the use phase. At the current recycling rate, two of the three weighting methods used in this study indicate that the environmental impacts such as resource depletion and waste generation are not less important than the air emissions reduced at the car exhaust pipe. As its name implies, a Catalytic Converter is a Converter. From a global and life cycle perspective, the Catalytic Converter is converting rather than reducing the environmental impacts. The results show that it is converting exhaust emissions from one place to environmental impacts in other places of the world. It is important that a life cycle perspective should be used for any end of pipe solution and the environmental impacts occurring in the life cycle should not be overlooked and should be weighed against the environmental benefits.
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Life cycle assessment of a Catalytic Converter for passenger cars
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2001Co-Authors: Wathanyu Amatayakul, Olle Jerker RamnäsAbstract:A life cycle assessment of a typical ceramic three-way Catalytic Converter manufactured for a Swedish passenger car is performed. The environmental impacts occurring in the life cycle of a Catalytic Converter, encompassing the extraction of raw materials, production of a Catalytic Converter, use phase, etc. are assessed. They are compared with the environmental benefits assessed throughout an average service lifetime of a Catalytic Converter. Inventory data show that several significant environmental impacts occur in the life cycle and are related to mining and production of the Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) used as the Catalytic elements as well as to the use phase. At the current recycling rate, two of the three weighting methods used in this study indicate that the environmental impacts such as resource depletion and waste generation are not less important than the air emissions reduced at the car exhaust pipe. As its name implies, a Catalytic Converter is a Converter. From a global and life cycle perspective, the Catalytic Converter is converting rather than reducing the environmental impacts. The results show that it is converting exhaust emissions from one place to environmental impacts in other places of the world. It is important that a life cycle perspective should be used for any end of pipe solution and the environmental impacts occurring in the life cycle should not be overlooked and should be weighed against the environmental benefits.