The Experts below are selected from a list of 156 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernhard Bogerts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced Caudate Nucleus volume in obsessive compulsive disorder
Archives of General Psychiatry, 1995Co-Authors: Delbert Robinson, Houwei Wu, Rafael A Munne, Manzar Ashtari, Jose Alvir, Gail Lerner, A Koreen, Karyl Cole, Bernhard BogertsAbstract:Background: Current hypotheses about the neuroanatomical structures involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest abnormalities in cortical-striatalthalamic-cortical circuits. This study examined selected brain regions within or adjacent to these circuits. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging scans from 26 patients with OCD and 26 healthy controls were analyzed to determine the volumes of the following structures: prefrontal cortex (cortex anterior to the genu of the corpus callosum), Caudate Nucleus, lateral and third ventricles, and whole brain. Results: Patients with OCD had significantly smaller Caudate Nucleus volumes than controls (F [1,48] =9.4, P =.004) but did not differ in prefrontal cortex size or in volumes of the lateral or third ventricles. Structural volumes were not significantly correlated with the duration or severity of OCD symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional evidence for pathological involvement of the Caudate in OCD.
Delbert Robinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced Caudate Nucleus volume in obsessive compulsive disorder
Archives of General Psychiatry, 1995Co-Authors: Delbert Robinson, Houwei Wu, Rafael A Munne, Manzar Ashtari, Jose Alvir, Gail Lerner, A Koreen, Karyl Cole, Bernhard BogertsAbstract:Background: Current hypotheses about the neuroanatomical structures involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest abnormalities in cortical-striatalthalamic-cortical circuits. This study examined selected brain regions within or adjacent to these circuits. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging scans from 26 patients with OCD and 26 healthy controls were analyzed to determine the volumes of the following structures: prefrontal cortex (cortex anterior to the genu of the corpus callosum), Caudate Nucleus, lateral and third ventricles, and whole brain. Results: Patients with OCD had significantly smaller Caudate Nucleus volumes than controls (F [1,48] =9.4, P =.004) but did not differ in prefrontal cortex size or in volumes of the lateral or third ventricles. Structural volumes were not significantly correlated with the duration or severity of OCD symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional evidence for pathological involvement of the Caudate in OCD.
Godfrey D Pearlson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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normal Caudate Nucleus in obsessive compulsive disorder assessed by quantitative neuroimaging
Archives of General Psychiatry, 1996Co-Authors: Elizabeth H Aylward, Gordon J Harris, Rudolf Hoehnsaric, Patrick E Barta, Steven R Machlin, Godfrey D PearlsonAbstract:Background: Prior neuroimaging studies have not consistently demonstrated a structural or functional abnormality of the Caudate Nucleus in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). However, there is theoretical support for some associated dysfunction of the Caudate Nucleus. Methods: We examined volumes of the Caudate Nucleus and putamen with magnetic resonance imaging in 24 patients with adult-onset OCD and 21 control subjects, group-matched on age, race, education, and sex. Patients were relatively free from tics. To evaluate function (metabolism or blood flow) of the Caudate Nucleus, we performed a quantitative review, including a meta-analysis, of normalized data from functional neuroimaging studies that compared patients who had OCD with normal control subjects. Results: All structural basal ganglia measures failed to exhibit differences between patients with OCD and matched normal control subjects. Patients did not demonstrate evidence of ventricular enlargement. Quantitative meta-analysis of the functional neuroimaging literature did not demonstrate a consistent abnormality of the Caudate Nucleus. Conclusions: We did not observe evidence of a structural abnormality of the Caudate Nucleus in patients with OCD. Prior reports of a structural aberration of the Caudate Nucleus were mixed. We also did not find strong support for relative Caudate metabolic or perfusion dysfunction in the literature, although increased function in the frontal cerebral cortex was identified. The heterogeneous nature of this disorder may account for inconsistencies between studies. For example, ventricular enlargement or reduced Caudate volume or blood flow might be evident in patients with soft neurological signs (eg, tics), while patients in the current study were relatively free from tics. Although theories of OCD suggest a dysfunction of the Caudate Nucleus, the structural and functional neuroimaging literature has not consistently verified this.
James J Levitt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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shape abnormalities of Caudate Nucleus in schizotypal personality disorder
Schizophrenia Research, 2009Co-Authors: James J Levitt, Chandlee C Dickey, Martina M Voglmaier, Martin Styner, Marc Niethammer, Sylvain Bouix, Margaret A NiznikiewiczAbstract:Background Previously, we reported abnormal volume and global shape in the Caudate Nucleus in schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Here, we use a new shape measure which importantly permits local in addition to global shape analysis, as well as local correlations with behavioral measures.
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shape of Caudate Nucleus and its cognitive correlates in neuroleptic naive schizotypal personality disorder
Biological Psychiatry, 2003Co-Authors: James J Levitt, Carlfredrik Westin, Paul G Nestor, Raul San Jose Estepar, Chandlee C Dickey, Martina M Voglmaier, Larry J Seidman, Ron Kikinis, Ferenc A Jolesz, Robert W MccarleyAbstract:Background We measured the shape of the head of the Caudate Nucleus with a new approach based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) subjects in whom we previously reported decreased Caudate Nucleus volume. We believe MRI shape analysis complements traditional MRI volume measurements.
Gail Lerner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced Caudate Nucleus volume in obsessive compulsive disorder
Archives of General Psychiatry, 1995Co-Authors: Delbert Robinson, Houwei Wu, Rafael A Munne, Manzar Ashtari, Jose Alvir, Gail Lerner, A Koreen, Karyl Cole, Bernhard BogertsAbstract:Background: Current hypotheses about the neuroanatomical structures involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest abnormalities in cortical-striatalthalamic-cortical circuits. This study examined selected brain regions within or adjacent to these circuits. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging scans from 26 patients with OCD and 26 healthy controls were analyzed to determine the volumes of the following structures: prefrontal cortex (cortex anterior to the genu of the corpus callosum), Caudate Nucleus, lateral and third ventricles, and whole brain. Results: Patients with OCD had significantly smaller Caudate Nucleus volumes than controls (F [1,48] =9.4, P =.004) but did not differ in prefrontal cortex size or in volumes of the lateral or third ventricles. Structural volumes were not significantly correlated with the duration or severity of OCD symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional evidence for pathological involvement of the Caudate in OCD.