The Experts below are selected from a list of 30639 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Orietta Massidda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Cell Cycle Regulator gpsb functions as cytosolic adaptor for multiple Cell wall enzymes
Nature Communications, 2019Co-Authors: Robert M Cleverley, Zoe J Rutter, Jeanine Rismondo, Federico Corona, Hoching Tiffany Tsui, Fuad A Alatawi, Richard A Daniel, Sven Halbedel, Orietta MassiddaAbstract:Bacterial growth and Cell division requires precise spatiotemporal regulation of the synthesis and remodelling of the peptidoglycan layer that surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane. GpsB is a cytosolic protein that affects Cell wall synthesis by binding cytoplasmic mini-domains of peptidoglycan synthases to ensure their correct subCellular localisation. Here, we describe critical structural features for the interaction of GpsB with peptidoglycan synthases from three bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and suggest their importance for Cell wall growth and viability in L. monocytogenes and S. pneumoniae. We use these structural motifs to identify novel partners of GpsB in B. subtilis and extend the members of the GpsB interactome in all three bacterial species. Our results support that GpsB functions as an adaptor protein that mediates the interaction between membrane proteins, scaffolding proteins, signalling proteins and enzymes to generate larger protein complexes at specific sites in a bacterial Cell Cycle-dependent manner.
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the Cell Cycle Regulator gpsb functions as cytosolic adaptor for multiple Cell wall enzymes
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Robert M Cleverley, Zoe J Rutter, Jeanine Rismondo, Federico Corona, Hoching Tiffany Tsui, Fuad A Alatawi, Richard A Daniel, Sven Halbedel, Orietta Massidda, Malcolm E WinklerAbstract:Bacterial growth and Cell division requires precise spatiotemporal regulation of the synthesis and remodelling of the peptidoglycan layer that surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane. GpsB is a cytosolic protein that affects Cell wall synthesis by binding to the cytoplasmic mini-domains of peptidoglycan synthases to ensure their correct subCellular localisation. Here we have discovered critical structural features for the interaction of GpsB with peptidoglycan synthases from three different bacteria and demonstrated their importance for Cell wall growth and viability. We have used these structural motifs to predict and confirm novel partners of GpsB in Bacillus subtilis, illuminating the role of this key Regulator of peptidoglycan synthesis. GpsB thus functions as an adaptor, to mediate the interaction between membrane proteins, scaffolding proteins, signalling proteins and enzymes to generate larger protein complexes at specific sites in a bacterial Cell Cycle-dependent manner.
Holger Moch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impaired expression of the Cell Cycle Regulator btg2 is common in clear Cell renal Cell carcinoma
Cancer Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kirsten Struckmann, Peter Schraml, Ronald Simon, Katja Elmenhorst, Martina Mirlacher, Juha Kononen, Holger MochAbstract:The prognosis of patients with renal Cell carcinoma (RCC) is poor. A full understanding of the molecular genetics and signaling pathways involved in renal cancer development and in the metastatic process is of central importance for developing innovative and novel treatment options. In this study, BD Atlas Human Cancer 1.2 cDNA microarrays were used to identify genes involved in renal tumorigenesis. By analyzing gene expression patterns of four clear Cell RCC (cRCC) Cell lines and normal renal tissue, 25 genes were found differentially expressed. To determine the relevance of these genes, RNA in situ hybridization was performed on a tissue microarray generated from 61 snap-frozen primary renal Cell carcinomas and 12 normal renal cortex biopsies. B-Cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2), a negative Cell Cycle Regulator, which was expressed in normal renal tissue but down-regulated in cRCC Cell lines and primary cRCCs, was selected for additional experiments. Quantitative BTG2 mRNA expression analysis in 42 primary cRCCs and 18 normal renal cortex biopsies revealed up to 44-fold reduced expression in the tumor tissues. Decrease of BTG2 expression was not associated with tumor stage, grade, and survival. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that BTG2 expression was weakly inducible by the phorbolester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in one of four cRCC Cell lines. In contrast, increasing Cell density led to elevated BTG2 mRNA expression in three of four cRCC Cell lines. In both experiments, BTG2 mRNA levels did not reach values observed in normal renal tissue. These data suggest that down-regulation of BTG2 is an important step in renal cancer development.
Lucy Shapiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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BACTERIAL DNA METHYLATION : A Cell Cycle Regulator?
Journal of bacteriology, 1999Co-Authors: Ann Reisenauer, Lyn Sue Kahng, Susan Mccollum, Lucy ShapiroAbstract:Although bacterial DNA methyltransferases are generally associated with restriction-modification systems, DNA methylation also regulates chromosome replication, transcription, repair, and most likely other fundamental processes. The two best-studied DNA methyltransferases without apparent cognate
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feedback control of a master bacterial Cell Cycle Regulator
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1999Co-Authors: Ibrahim J Domian, Ann Reisenauer, Lucy ShapiroAbstract:The transcriptional Regulator CtrA controls several key Cell-Cycle events in Caulobacter crescentus, including the initiation of DNA replication, DNA methylation, Cell division, and flagellar biogenesis. CtrA is a member of the response Regulator family of two component signal transduction systems. Caulobacter goes to great lengths to control the time and place of the activity of this critical Regulatory factor during the Cell Cycle. These controls include temporally regulated transcription and phosphorylation and spatially restricted proteolysis. We report here that ctrA expression is under the control of two promoters: a promoter (P1) that is active only in the early predivisional Cell and a stronger promoter (P2) that is active in the late predivisional Cell. Both promoters exhibit CtrA-mediated feedback regulation: the early P1 promoter is negatively controlled by CtrA, and the late P2 promoter is under positive feedback control. The CtrA protein footprints conserved binding sites within the P1 and P2 promoters. We propose that the P1 promoter is activated after the initiation of DNA replication in the early predivisional Cell. The ensuing accumulation of CtrA results in the activation of the P2 promoter and the repression of the P1 promoter late in the Cell Cycle. Thus, two transcriptional feedback loops coupled to Cell Cycle-regulated proteolysis and phosphorylation of the CtrA protein result in the pattern of CtrA activity required for the temporal and spatial control of multiple Cell-Cycle events.
Yaling Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Cell Cycle Regulator 14 3 3σ opposes and reverses cancer metabolic reprogramming
Nature Communications, 2015Co-Authors: Liem Phan, Pingchieh Chou, Guermarie Velazqueztorres, Ismael Samudio, Kenneth Parreno, Yaling HuangAbstract:Extensive reprogramming of Cellular energy metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. Despite its importance, the molecular mechanism controlling this tumour metabolic shift remains not fully understood. Here we show that 14-3-3σ regulates cancer metabolic reprogramming and protects Cells from tumorigenic transformation. 14-3-3σ opposes tumour-promoting metabolic programmes by enhancing c-Myc poly-ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. 14-3-3σ demonstrates the suppressive impact on cancer glycolysis, glutaminolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis and other major metabolic processes of tumours. Importantly, 14-3-3σ expression levels predict overall and recurrence-free survival rates, tumour glucose uptake and metabolic gene expression in breast cancer patients. Thus, these results highlight that 14-3-3σ is an important Regulator of tumour metabolism, and loss of 14-3-3σ expression is critical for cancer metabolic reprogramming. We anticipate that pharmacologically elevating the function of 14-3-3σ in tumours could be a promising direction for targeted anticancer metabolism therapy development in future.
Kirsten Struckmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impaired expression of the Cell Cycle Regulator btg2 is common in clear Cell renal Cell carcinoma
Cancer Research, 2004Co-Authors: Kirsten Struckmann, Peter Schraml, Ronald Simon, Katja Elmenhorst, Martina Mirlacher, Juha Kononen, Holger MochAbstract:The prognosis of patients with renal Cell carcinoma (RCC) is poor. A full understanding of the molecular genetics and signaling pathways involved in renal cancer development and in the metastatic process is of central importance for developing innovative and novel treatment options. In this study, BD Atlas Human Cancer 1.2 cDNA microarrays were used to identify genes involved in renal tumorigenesis. By analyzing gene expression patterns of four clear Cell RCC (cRCC) Cell lines and normal renal tissue, 25 genes were found differentially expressed. To determine the relevance of these genes, RNA in situ hybridization was performed on a tissue microarray generated from 61 snap-frozen primary renal Cell carcinomas and 12 normal renal cortex biopsies. B-Cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2), a negative Cell Cycle Regulator, which was expressed in normal renal tissue but down-regulated in cRCC Cell lines and primary cRCCs, was selected for additional experiments. Quantitative BTG2 mRNA expression analysis in 42 primary cRCCs and 18 normal renal cortex biopsies revealed up to 44-fold reduced expression in the tumor tissues. Decrease of BTG2 expression was not associated with tumor stage, grade, and survival. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that BTG2 expression was weakly inducible by the phorbolester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in one of four cRCC Cell lines. In contrast, increasing Cell density led to elevated BTG2 mRNA expression in three of four cRCC Cell lines. In both experiments, BTG2 mRNA levels did not reach values observed in normal renal tissue. These data suggest that down-regulation of BTG2 is an important step in renal cancer development.