The Experts below are selected from a list of 228 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
James R Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distinct pathways of humoral and Cellular Immunity induced with the mucosal administration of a nanoemulsion adjuvant
Journal of Immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Anna U Bielinska, Luz P Blanco, Paul E Makidon, Katarzyna W Janczak, Benjamin Swanson, Douglas M Smith, Tiffany Pham, Zsuzsanna Szabo, Jolanta F Kukowskalatallo, James R BakerAbstract:Nasal administration of an oil-in-water nanoemulsion (NE) adjuvant W805EC produces potent systemic and mucosal, Th-1– and Th-17–balanced Cellular responses. However, its molecular mechanism of action has not been fully characterized and is of particular interest because NE does not contain specific ligands for innate immune receptors. In these studies, we demonstrate that W805EC NE adjuvant activates innate Immunity, induces specific gene transcription, and modulates NF-κB activity via TLR2 and TLR4 by a mechanism that appears to be distinct from typical TLR agonists. Nasal immunization with NE-based vaccine showed that the TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 pathways and IL-12 and IL-12Rβ1 expression are not required for an Ab response, but they are essential for the induction of balanced Th-1 polarization and Th-17 Cellular Immunity. NE adjuvant induces MHC class II, CD80, and CD86 costimulatory molecule expression and dendritic cell maturation. Further, upon immunization with NE, adjuvant mice deficient in the CD86 receptor had normal Ab responses but significantly reduced Th-1 Cellular responses, whereas animals deficient in both CD80 and CD86 or lacking CD40 failed to produce either humoral or Cellular Immunity. Overall, our data show that intranasal administration of Ag with NE induces TLR2 and TLR4 activation along with a MyD88-independent Ab response and a MyD88-dependent Th-1 and Th-17 cell–mediated immune response. These findings suggest that the unique properties of NE adjuvant may offer novel opportunities for understanding previously unrecognized mechanisms of immune activation important for generating effective mucosal and systemic immune responses.
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induction of th17 Cellular Immunity with a novel nanoemulsion adjuvant
Critical Reviews in Immunology, 2010Co-Authors: Anna U Bielinska, Michele L Gerber, Luz P Blanco, Paul E Makidon, Katarzyna W Janczak, Michael Beer, Benjamin Swanson, James R BakerAbstract:Th17 (T-helper-17) cytokine responses have been recently recognized as an important component for the protective Immunity produced by vaccination. However, the mechanism by which immune adjuvants induce Th17 Immunity has not been defined. We have developed a novel mucosal nanoemulsion (NE) adjuvant that produces a robust humoral and Th1 Cellular Immunity. Herein, we demonstrate that immunization with NE adjuvant induces a Th17 response to diverse antigens in both outbred and inbred mice. CD86 deficiency had a limited effect on the induction of IL-17, however, double CD80/CD86, CD40, and IL-6 (interleukin 6) mutant mice failed to produce Th17 Immunity in response to NE adjuvant. Mice deficient in TLR2 and TLR4 (Toll-like receptors 2 and 4) had a diminished IL-17 response. Our data indicate that nasal mucosal immunization with NE adjuvant produces Th1 and Th17 Immunity; that this process requires IL-6, CD40, and at least one of the CD80/CD86 molecules; and that the induction of TH17 is enhanced by the presence of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors. This unique approach to vaccination may have a significant role in protection against mucosal and intraCellular pathogens.
Takao Tsuji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Induction of Cellular Immunity to varicella-zoster virus glycoproteins tested with pernasal coadministration of Escherichia coli enterotoxin in mice.
Journal of medical virology, 2003Co-Authors: Takao Tsuji, Keiko Sasaki, Michio Kato, Sadayuki Ochi, Kimiyasu Shiraki, Yoshio Ichinose, Hitoshi Sato, Michiko Arita, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Takashi YokochiAbstract:A mutant of Escherichia coli enterotoxin promotes the induction of Cellular Immunity to a live varicella vaccine (the Oka strain) as a mucosal adjuvant in mice. An investigation was carried out to determine which of the purified glycoproteins of the virus among three induced Cellular Immunity with a single nasal administration. Spleen cells from mice immunized nasally with the vaccine and toxin produced interleukin-2 (IL-2) at the same level on restimulation in vitro with glycoprotein H: glycoprotein L (gH:gL), gB, and gE:gI, but not IL-4. The spleen cells from mice immunized with gH:gL, gB, or gE:gI and toxin produced IL-2 on restimulation with gH:gL, gB, or gE:gI, respectively, and the vaccine, but not IL-4. Immunization with gH:gL and the toxin showed increased thymidine uptake and production of IL-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) of the spleen cells, but not IL-4, depending on the dose of gH:gL used for immunization and restimulation in vitro. Purified gE:gI and gB have been reported to be the strongest stimulators of Cellular Immunity to varicella upon subcutaneous injection and are useful as a subunit vaccine. All the glycoproteins tested are excellent stimulators of Cellular Immunity to the virus and itself on nasal co-immunization with the toxin. J. Med. Virol. 69:451–458, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Long-term persistence of Cellular Immunity to Oka vaccine virus induced by pernasal co-administration with Escherichia coli enterotoxin in mice.
Vaccine, 2001Co-Authors: Naoki Kamiya, Keiko Sasaki, Takashi Yokochi, Kimiyasu Shiraki, Yasuko Honma, Yoshizo Asano, Hidetsugu Kawase, Junji Yoshino, Takao TsujiAbstract:A mutant of Escherichia coli enterotoxin induced Cellular Immunity to a live varicella vaccine (the Oka strain) as a mucosal adjuvant in mice. The persistence of this Cellular Immunity was investigated. A commercially available live Oka vaccine virus and toxin were administered once simultaneously via the nasal route, in mice. Ten or 12 months later, a delayed-type hypersensitivity to the vaccine virus was detected by footpad test, but an antibody neutralizing the varicella-zoster virus was not. When spleen cells from mice immunized with the vaccine and toxin were re-stimulated by live vaccine in vitro, their thymidine uptake and IL-2 production were higher than those from mice immunized with the vaccine alone, but lower than those of spleen cells prepared from mice 2 months after nasal administration. Production of IL-4 in these cells, however, was not induced by re-stimulation in vitro. These results suggest that although humoral Immunity for Oka vaccine virus is only weakly induced by one co-administration of the vaccine and toxin, Cellular Immunity is induced and maintained over 1 year, though it declines with age. The nasal administration of the vaccine and toxin might be effective for maintaining Cellular Immunity to the varicella-zoster virus long term.
Marylène Poirié - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Drosophila Cellular Immunity against parasitoid wasps: a complex and time-dependent process
Frontiers in Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Chami Kim-jo, Jean-luc Gatti, Marylène PoiriéAbstract:Host-parasitoid interactions are among the most studied interactions between invertebrates because of their fundamental interest – the evolution of original traits in parasitoids – and applied, parasitoids being widely used in biological control. Immunity, and in particular Cellular Immunity, is central in these interactions, the host encapsulation response being specific for large foreign bodies such as parasitoid eggs. Although already well studied in this species, recent data on Drosophila melanogaster have unquestionably improved knowledge of invertebrate Cellular Immunity. At the same time, the venomics of parasitoids has expanded, notably those of Drosophila. Here, we summarize and discuss these advances, with a focus on an emerging “time-dependent” view of interactions outcome at the intra- and interspecific level. We also present issues still in debate and prospects for study. Data on the Drosophila-parasitoid model paves the way to new concepts in insect Immunity as well as parasitoid wasp strategies to overcome it
Anna U Bielinska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distinct pathways of humoral and Cellular Immunity induced with the mucosal administration of a nanoemulsion adjuvant
Journal of Immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Anna U Bielinska, Luz P Blanco, Paul E Makidon, Katarzyna W Janczak, Benjamin Swanson, Douglas M Smith, Tiffany Pham, Zsuzsanna Szabo, Jolanta F Kukowskalatallo, James R BakerAbstract:Nasal administration of an oil-in-water nanoemulsion (NE) adjuvant W805EC produces potent systemic and mucosal, Th-1– and Th-17–balanced Cellular responses. However, its molecular mechanism of action has not been fully characterized and is of particular interest because NE does not contain specific ligands for innate immune receptors. In these studies, we demonstrate that W805EC NE adjuvant activates innate Immunity, induces specific gene transcription, and modulates NF-κB activity via TLR2 and TLR4 by a mechanism that appears to be distinct from typical TLR agonists. Nasal immunization with NE-based vaccine showed that the TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 pathways and IL-12 and IL-12Rβ1 expression are not required for an Ab response, but they are essential for the induction of balanced Th-1 polarization and Th-17 Cellular Immunity. NE adjuvant induces MHC class II, CD80, and CD86 costimulatory molecule expression and dendritic cell maturation. Further, upon immunization with NE, adjuvant mice deficient in the CD86 receptor had normal Ab responses but significantly reduced Th-1 Cellular responses, whereas animals deficient in both CD80 and CD86 or lacking CD40 failed to produce either humoral or Cellular Immunity. Overall, our data show that intranasal administration of Ag with NE induces TLR2 and TLR4 activation along with a MyD88-independent Ab response and a MyD88-dependent Th-1 and Th-17 cell–mediated immune response. These findings suggest that the unique properties of NE adjuvant may offer novel opportunities for understanding previously unrecognized mechanisms of immune activation important for generating effective mucosal and systemic immune responses.
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induction of th17 Cellular Immunity with a novel nanoemulsion adjuvant
Critical Reviews in Immunology, 2010Co-Authors: Anna U Bielinska, Michele L Gerber, Luz P Blanco, Paul E Makidon, Katarzyna W Janczak, Michael Beer, Benjamin Swanson, James R BakerAbstract:Th17 (T-helper-17) cytokine responses have been recently recognized as an important component for the protective Immunity produced by vaccination. However, the mechanism by which immune adjuvants induce Th17 Immunity has not been defined. We have developed a novel mucosal nanoemulsion (NE) adjuvant that produces a robust humoral and Th1 Cellular Immunity. Herein, we demonstrate that immunization with NE adjuvant induces a Th17 response to diverse antigens in both outbred and inbred mice. CD86 deficiency had a limited effect on the induction of IL-17, however, double CD80/CD86, CD40, and IL-6 (interleukin 6) mutant mice failed to produce Th17 Immunity in response to NE adjuvant. Mice deficient in TLR2 and TLR4 (Toll-like receptors 2 and 4) had a diminished IL-17 response. Our data indicate that nasal mucosal immunization with NE adjuvant produces Th1 and Th17 Immunity; that this process requires IL-6, CD40, and at least one of the CD80/CD86 molecules; and that the induction of TH17 is enhanced by the presence of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors. This unique approach to vaccination may have a significant role in protection against mucosal and intraCellular pathogens.
Todd A Schlenke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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parasitoid wasp venom serca regulates drosophila calcium levels and inhibits Cellular Immunity
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013Co-Authors: Nathan T. Mortimer, Jeremy Goecks, Balint Z Kacsoh, Gregory J Bowersock, James A. Mobley, James Taylor, Todd A SchlenkeAbstract:Because parasite virulence factors target host immune responses, identification and functional characterization of these factors can provide insight into poorly understood host immune mechanisms. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a model system for understanding humoral innate Immunity, but Drosophila Cellular innate immune responses remain incompletely characterized. Fruit flies are regularly infected by parasitoid wasps in nature and, following infection, flies mount a Cellular immune response culminating in the Cellular encapsulation of the wasp egg. The mechanistic basis of this response is largely unknown, but wasps use a mixture of virulence proteins derived from the venom gland to suppress Cellular encapsulation. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying wasp virulence and fly Cellular Immunity, we used a joint transcriptomic/proteomic approach to identify venom genes from Ganaspis sp.1 (G1), a previously uncharacterized Drosophila parasitoid species, and found that G1 venom contains a highly abundant sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump. Accordingly, we found that fly immune cells termed plasmatocytes normally undergo a cytoplasmic calcium burst following infection, and that this calcium burst is required for activation of the Cellular immune response. We further found that the plasmatocyte calcium burst is suppressed by G1 venom in a SERCA-dependent manner, leading to the failure of plasmatocytes to become activated and migrate toward G1 eggs. Finally, by genetically manipulating plasmatocyte calcium levels, we were able to alter fly immune success against G1 and other parasitoid species. Our characterization of parasitoid wasp venom proteins led us to identify plasmatocyte cytoplasmic calcium bursts as an important aspect of fly Cellular Immunity.