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Makoto K. Shimada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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9 2002 The American Genetic Association 93:9–18 Mitochondrial Sequence Diversity Within a Subspecies of Savanna Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) Is Similar to That
2015Co-Authors: Between Subspecies, Makoto K. Shimada, K. Terao, Takayoshi ShotakeAbstract:Cercopithecus aethiops can be classified into four subspecies by morphology and by geographic distribution. However, the phylogenetic relationship between these subspecies is unclear. We previously found five distinct haplogroups of mitochon-drial DNA (mtDNA) in the subspecies C. aethiops aethiops at the restriction frag-ment length polymorphism (RFLP) level, and found that those haplogroups are parapatrically distributed in their habitat. To determine the relationship between subspeciation and haplogroup formation in a subspecies, we compared mtDNA control region and 12S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 700 bp) in C. a. ae-thiops, two other subspecies of C. aethiops, and two species of Cercopithecus. The diversity between haplogroups in C. a. aethiops was almost the same as that be-tween subspecies. This similar level of diversification between and within haplo-groups may explain why a previously obtained mtDNA tree did not show mono-phyletic branching according to subspecies. Savanna monkeys, or African green mon-keys (Cercopithecus aethiops or Chloroce
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Mitochondrial Sequence Diversity Within a Subspecies of Savanna Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) Is Similar to That Between Subspecies
The Journal of heredity, 2002Co-Authors: Makoto K. Shimada, K. Terao, Takayoshi ShotakeAbstract:Cercopithecus aethiops can be classified into four subspecies by morphology and by geographic distribution. However, the phylogenetic relationship between these subspecies is unclear. We previously found five distinct haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the subspecies C. aethiops aethiops at the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) level, and found that those haplogroups are parapatrically distributed in their habitat. To determine the relationship between subspeciation and haplogroup formation in a subspecies, we compared mtDNA control region and 12S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 700 bp) in C. a. aethiops, two other subspecies of C. aethiops, and two species of Cercopithecus. The diversity between haplogroups in C. a. aethiops was almost the same as that between subspecies. This similar level of diversification between and within haplogroups may explain why a previously obtained mtDNA tree did not show monophyletic branching according to subspecies.
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geographic distribution of mitochondrial dna variations among grivet Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops populations in central ethiopia
International Journal of Primatology, 2000Co-Authors: Makoto K. ShimadaAbstract:Since mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are maternally inherited without recombination, geographic distribution of mtDNA in semiterrestrial cercopithecines is considered to be influenced by female philopatry. I examined the effect of sex difference in migration patterns on geographic distribution in a habitat whose environment has changed frequently. I investigated ten groups (n = 77) of grivets (Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops) along a 600-km stretch of the Awash River, Ethiopia. I examined the mtDNA distribution among natural local populations whose nuclear variation was already shown to have a widely homogeneous distribution. RFLP analysis of whole mtDNA genome using 17 enzymes identified ten haplotypes in five clusters (haplogroups). Sequence divergence within haplogroups ranged from 0.17%–0.38%, while divergence between haplogroups ranged between 1.0%–2.5%. Haplogroups were distributed in blocks which ranged from 120–250 km along the Awash River. The haplotype distribution pattern of males indicated that they migrate between the boundaries of these blocks. Moreover, a clumped distribution pattern suggests the history of matrilineal distribution by group fission and geographic expansion.
Naofumi Nakagawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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foraging energetics in patas monkeys erythrocebus patas and tantalus monkeys Cercopithecus aethiops tantalus implications for reproductive seasonality
American Journal of Primatology, 2000Co-Authors: Naofumi NakagawaAbstract:The patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in Kala Maloue, Cameroon, have their birth season in the mid-dry season, whereas closely related, sympatric tantalus monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops tantalus) have their birth season in the wet season. To evaluate the optimality of a species-specific birth season, I estimated the daily intake of available energy and gross protein, and energy expenditure for one individual of each sex of each species between respective birth and mating seasons. The monkeys obtained a larger amount of available energy and gross protein in the birth season than in the mating season. No significant seasonal differences in energy expenditure between the birth and mating season were found. Thus, the birth season appears to be timed to the season when the monkeys can obtain more surplus energy and protein. Interspecific differences in the optimality of birth season were attributed to widely exploitative foraging, supported by the patas’ high locomotive ability, which may enable them to obtain more energy from seeds of Acacia seyal and gums of A. sieberiana, and more protein from grasshoppers and seeds of A. seyal in the mid-dry season than the tantalus monkeys. A review of preceding studies suggests that the availability of seeds of Acacia fruiting during the dry season may exert the dominant influence on timing of birth not only in patas but also in savanna monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops), which include the tantalus monkeys. Am. J. Primatol. 52:169–185, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Foraging energetics in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and tantalus monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops tantalus): implications for reproductive seasonality.
American journal of primatology, 2000Co-Authors: Naofumi NakagawaAbstract:The patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in Kala Maloue, Cameroon, have their birth season in the mid-dry season, whereas closely related, sympatric tantalus monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops tantalus) have their birth season in the wet season. To evaluate the optimality of a species-specific birth season, I estimated the daily intake of available energy and gross protein, and energy expenditure for one individual of each sex of each species between respective birth and mating seasons. The monkeys obtained a larger amount of available energy and gross protein in the birth season than in the mating season. No significant seasonal differences in energy expenditure between the birth and mating season were found. Thus, the birth season appears to be timed to the season when the monkeys can obtain more surplus energy and protein. Interspecific differences in the optimality of birth season were attributed to widely exploitative foraging, supported by the patas' high locomotive ability, which may enable them to obtain more energy from seeds of Acacia seyal and gums of A. sieberiana, and more protein from grasshoppers and seeds of A. seyal in the mid-dry season than the tantalus monkeys. A review of preceding studies suggests that the availability of seeds of Acacia fruiting during the dry season may exert the dominant influence on timing of birth not only in patas but also in savanna monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops), which include the tantalus monkeys.
Takayoshi Shotake - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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9 2002 The American Genetic Association 93:9–18 Mitochondrial Sequence Diversity Within a Subspecies of Savanna Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) Is Similar to That
2015Co-Authors: Between Subspecies, Makoto K. Shimada, K. Terao, Takayoshi ShotakeAbstract:Cercopithecus aethiops can be classified into four subspecies by morphology and by geographic distribution. However, the phylogenetic relationship between these subspecies is unclear. We previously found five distinct haplogroups of mitochon-drial DNA (mtDNA) in the subspecies C. aethiops aethiops at the restriction frag-ment length polymorphism (RFLP) level, and found that those haplogroups are parapatrically distributed in their habitat. To determine the relationship between subspeciation and haplogroup formation in a subspecies, we compared mtDNA control region and 12S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 700 bp) in C. a. ae-thiops, two other subspecies of C. aethiops, and two species of Cercopithecus. The diversity between haplogroups in C. a. aethiops was almost the same as that be-tween subspecies. This similar level of diversification between and within haplo-groups may explain why a previously obtained mtDNA tree did not show mono-phyletic branching according to subspecies. Savanna monkeys, or African green mon-keys (Cercopithecus aethiops or Chloroce
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Mitochondrial Sequence Diversity Within a Subspecies of Savanna Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) Is Similar to That Between Subspecies
The Journal of heredity, 2002Co-Authors: Makoto K. Shimada, K. Terao, Takayoshi ShotakeAbstract:Cercopithecus aethiops can be classified into four subspecies by morphology and by geographic distribution. However, the phylogenetic relationship between these subspecies is unclear. We previously found five distinct haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the subspecies C. aethiops aethiops at the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) level, and found that those haplogroups are parapatrically distributed in their habitat. To determine the relationship between subspeciation and haplogroup formation in a subspecies, we compared mtDNA control region and 12S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 700 bp) in C. a. aethiops, two other subspecies of C. aethiops, and two species of Cercopithecus. The diversity between haplogroups in C. a. aethiops was almost the same as that between subspecies. This similar level of diversification between and within haplogroups may explain why a previously obtained mtDNA tree did not show monophyletic branching according to subspecies.
K. Terao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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9 2002 The American Genetic Association 93:9–18 Mitochondrial Sequence Diversity Within a Subspecies of Savanna Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) Is Similar to That
2015Co-Authors: Between Subspecies, Makoto K. Shimada, K. Terao, Takayoshi ShotakeAbstract:Cercopithecus aethiops can be classified into four subspecies by morphology and by geographic distribution. However, the phylogenetic relationship between these subspecies is unclear. We previously found five distinct haplogroups of mitochon-drial DNA (mtDNA) in the subspecies C. aethiops aethiops at the restriction frag-ment length polymorphism (RFLP) level, and found that those haplogroups are parapatrically distributed in their habitat. To determine the relationship between subspeciation and haplogroup formation in a subspecies, we compared mtDNA control region and 12S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 700 bp) in C. a. ae-thiops, two other subspecies of C. aethiops, and two species of Cercopithecus. The diversity between haplogroups in C. a. aethiops was almost the same as that be-tween subspecies. This similar level of diversification between and within haplo-groups may explain why a previously obtained mtDNA tree did not show mono-phyletic branching according to subspecies. Savanna monkeys, or African green mon-keys (Cercopithecus aethiops or Chloroce
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Mitochondrial Sequence Diversity Within a Subspecies of Savanna Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) Is Similar to That Between Subspecies
The Journal of heredity, 2002Co-Authors: Makoto K. Shimada, K. Terao, Takayoshi ShotakeAbstract:Cercopithecus aethiops can be classified into four subspecies by morphology and by geographic distribution. However, the phylogenetic relationship between these subspecies is unclear. We previously found five distinct haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the subspecies C. aethiops aethiops at the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) level, and found that those haplogroups are parapatrically distributed in their habitat. To determine the relationship between subspeciation and haplogroup formation in a subspecies, we compared mtDNA control region and 12S rRNA gene sequences (approximately 700 bp) in C. a. aethiops, two other subspecies of C. aethiops, and two species of Cercopithecus. The diversity between haplogroups in C. a. aethiops was almost the same as that between subspecies. This similar level of diversification between and within haplogroups may explain why a previously obtained mtDNA tree did not show monophyletic branching according to subspecies.
Deborah B. Pollack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acute changes in social composition and agonistic behavior in male vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus).
American journal of primatology, 1992Co-Authors: James E. Dillon, Michael T. Mcguire, Michael J. Raleigh, Deborah B. PollackAbstract:Among nonhuman primates the composition of social groups influences the interactions of group members. We assessed the effects of acute changes in social composition on behavior among 15 adult male vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). Subjects were observed in their basal social groups which comprised 3 adult males, 2-4 adult females, and offspring; and in two subgroups consisting of either two or three adult males. Agonism and vigilance increased in smaller groups relative to basal conditions, while subjects in two-male groups displayed more aggression than those in three-male groups. These findings suggest that, among male vervet monkeys, acute disruption of stable social groups increases aggressive behavior, and that the amount of agonism is influenced by the composition of the consequent subgroups. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.